No matter when,
Food and clothing are the first problems that people need to solve
。 In the war years, the food and clothing of the soldiers was even more important. This is a matter of vital importance, such as the combat effectiveness of the army and the victory or defeat of the war. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the military and people of the whole country spent a very arduous period of struggle.
How to ensure that soldiers fighting the enemy on the front line can eat and wear warmly has also become an important problem that party organizations need to solve. Some people may think that the Eighth Route Army's military supplies are entirely dependent on the money collected from local landlords. But in reality, this is a complete misunderstanding.
The Eighth Route Army's military supplies come from multiple sources.
1. Resist Japan together
During the agrarian revolution, for
In order to liberate the broad masses of peasants who are suffering and exploited, the Party organizations have defined the revolutionary policy of "cracking down on local tyrants and dividing up the land."
。 The fields of the local tycoons were confiscated, and then the fields were distributed to the poor peasants and middle peasants who had no land and little land according to the standards of the head of the people. In this way, the peasant masses at the bottom were liberated from the exploitation of the feudal landlords.
Some people believe that the party organization's "fight against local tycoons and divide up the land" is to directly collect the money and wealth of the local tycoons and landlords into the ownership of the party organizations and the army. This is a completely wrong perception. therefore
The view that the Eighth Route Army relied on "fighting local tycoons and landlords" to feed the army is also completely wrong.
Moreover, during the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Party organizations also adjusted their attitude toward the landlord class. In order to unite all forces at home and abroad, so as to achieve the goal of the whole nation to jointly resist Japan. The Party organization changed the policy of "overthrowing the landlords" to "uniting and restricting the landlords." During the agrarian revolution, "the land of the landlord class was confiscated" was changed
"Landlords reduce rent and interest, and peasants pay rent and interest
”。
In this way, the landlord class is united to resist the aggressors together.
Therefore, the landlords and local tycoons during the War of Resistance Against Japan, like the Eighth Route Army, were all anti-Japanese allies in the anti-Japanese national united front, and they were friendly and cooperative relations with each other.
Therefore, in the strict sense, during the War of Resistance Against Japan,
There is no such thing as "beating up local tycoons and landlords" to feed the Eighth Route Army.
In fact, the Eighth Route Army's military supplies and military expenditure come from multiple sources.
2. Appropriations and donations
After the formation of the Anti-Japanese National United Front, part of the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army, which was subordinate to the National Government in Nanjing in terms of organization. Therefore, the Nanjing government needs to allocate military expenses and military supplies to the Eighth Route Army. But
In order to limit the development of the Eighth Route Army, Chiang Kai-shek and others allocated very limited funds to our army.
When the Eighth Route Army was first established,
There are only three numbers, and the number of people is only more than 40,000 people
。 According to the specifications of these more than 40,000 people, the Nanjing government allocated 300,000 yuan to the Eighth Route Army every month as military expenses. In the course of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, more and more people joined the army of the Eighth Route Army, and the expenditure required by the army was also expanding.
However, in order to curb the development of our army, Chiang Kai-shek always allocated funds to the Eighth Route Army by the standard of more than 40,000 people. And, though
It was promised to "stop the civil war and unite against Japan",
However, Chiang Kai-shek and others still provoked and harassed our army on a small scale. Because of this, in 1941, the Anhui Southern Incident broke out. Chiang Kai-shek also took advantage of this incident as an excuse to stop allocating funds to our army.
In addition to the Nanjing government's appropriations, receiving donations from all sides is also a source channel for the Eighth Route Army's military expenditure. Because this period was in the course of "both alliance and restriction" was applied to the landlord class, the Party organization and the landlord class were in a relatively good relationship.
Many landlords full of patriotic enthusiasm donated a lot of materials and money to the Eighth Route Army.
In addition, national industrialists and local warlord forces that have befriended the Eighth Route Army have also donated military supplies and military expenses to our army. In addition to donations from patriots from various parts of the country,
The Eighth Route Army also received donations from international organizations and international friends.
Among these organizations, the one that has helped our army the most is the Comintern. In fact, as early as the period of the establishment of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army,
The Comintern has provided our army with a great deal of military and military supplies.
In World War II, the Chinese military and people heroically resisted the War of japanese invaders, contained the Japanese army, and made great contributions to the world anti-fascist war.
Therefore, the Communist International Organization paid more attention to supporting the Chinese army. The Eighth Route Army received military funds donated by the Comintern on several occasions. But
With the dissolution of the Comintern in 1943, this source of military supplies was gone.
Third, the large-scale production movement
As more and more people choose to join the Eighth Route Army, our army needs more and more military supplies and military expenses. Party organizations also know that external donations and grants are always limited.
We must find a way to help ourselves and be able to rely on ourselves.
Therefore, from 1939 onwards, the Party organization decreed,
Let the left-behind corps in the anti-Japanese base areas conduct military training while engaging in agricultural and sideline production.
In this way, the problem of shortage of military supplies can be solved. After the soldiers' participation in agricultural and sideline production achieved initial results, the party organization decided to launch the "anti-Japanese base area large-scale production movement."
From the senior leaders of party organizations such as Zhou Enlai and Ren Bishi to every soldier in the corps, they all participated in the large-scale production movement, through the production of agricultural and sideline products
Production work to achieve self-reliance and self-sufficiency
。 The song "Nanniwan", which is familiar today, was created during the Nanniwan mass production movement.
In 1941, the War of Resistance Against Japan had entered a stalemate.
In order to win victory in the protracted battle against the Japanese army, our army must continuously develop the army and maintain its combat ability. In order to achieve these goals, we must ensure that our army has sufficient military supplies. To this end, the Party Central Committee decided to organize the army to carry out a large-scale production campaign.
To this end, the organization sends people near the base areas to find locations where large-scale planting and production can be carried out. After careful investigation, Chairman Mao decided to make a thorny wilderness in the Huanglong Mountains of Yan'an the site of this large-scale production.
This is the famous Nanniwan
。
The 359th Brigade of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army undertook the main force of this large-scale production movement
。 Wang Zhen, the brigade commander of the 359th Brigade, received the order and led the soldiers to the Nanniwan area, reclaimed wasteland, built houses, made farmhouses, planted agricultural and sideline crops, and began a vigorous Nanniwan large-scale production movement.
By 1944, the large-scale production movement in Nanniwan had achieved remarkable results. The grain, vegetables, clothes and other materials produced by the Nanniwan production base can basically meet the needs of the military and civilians in the base areas.
This enables the base areas to achieve self-sufficiency.
summary
Party organizations and fighters exert all their strength to overcome the difficulties encountered
。 Even the most difficult the conditions cannot stop the determination of the military and the people to resist the Japanese aggressors, and the pace of progress and development of our party cannot stop the pace of the party organization leading the people of the whole country to a better future.