Source | University of Science and Technology of China
On January 12, 2022, after the recommendation of the relevant functional departments and experts of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and with reference to the opinions of the majority of netizens, the highlights of scientific and technological innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2021 were finally determined and released. The research results led and jointly participated in by our school account for 5 of the 14 annual scientific and technological innovation highlights. Among them, the research results led by our school are "successful proof of the two core conjectures of Keller geometry", "the realization of single-molecule multi-dimensional intrinsic parameter precision measurement" and "important progress has been made in the research on the superiority of quantum computing in China". The research results jointly participated in by our university have made "a series of important progress in the scientific research work of the new crown pneumonia epidemic" and "an important breakthrough in exploring the extreme universe".
Research led by our school
1
Successfully proved the two core conjectures of Keller geometry
Chen Xiuxiong, founding director of the Center for Geometry and Physics research at the University of Science and Technology of China, and collaborator Cheng Jingrui achieved "landmark results" in the field of partial differential equations and complex geometry, they solved a fourth-order complete nonlinear elliptic equation, successfully proved the "mandatory conjecture" and "geodetic stability conjecture", two core conjectures that have been pending in the international mathematical community for more than 60 years, and solved several famous problems about the constant scalar curvature measurement and the Karabi extreme value measurement on Keller's manifold. The two papers were published in the journal Journal of the American Mathematical Society. Peer experts commented that the above work "belongs to the best of the most important results in Keller geometry" and "will surely become a classic in both fields of geometry and analysis".
Chen Xiuxiong has made a series of important advances in the field of partial differential equations and complex geometry in recent years, changing the face of the field; he worked with Wang Bing to prove the weak tightness of the limit of the Fano Kellerich flow, and then with Sun Song and Wang Bing to prove the uniqueness of the limit, and gave a new proof based on the Kellery strange flow based on Yau Chengtong's conjecture.
Papers are published online
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2
Realize the precision measurement of single molecule multi-dimensional intrinsic parameters
Accurately determining the chemical structure of molecules and identifying their chemical species has always been a core problem of surface science. Hou Jianguo, Wang Bing, Tan Shiliang and other researchers of the single-molecule science team of the University of Science and Technology of China adopted the scanning probe technology strategy of fusing STM, AFM, TERS and other scanning probes on the basis of the previous work, developed the STM-AFM-TERS combination technology, and broke through the detection limitations of single microscopic imaging technology; using this high-resolution comprehensive characterization technology, taking the pentaphenyl molecule and its derivatives as the model system, combining different interactions such as electricity, force, and light, the electron state was realized. Precise measurement of multi-dimensional parameters such as chemical bond structure and vibration dynamics, chemical reactions, etc. By integrating a highly sensitive single-photon counter, the research team increased the real-space imaging speed of Raman spectroscopy by 2 orders of magnitude, and successfully achieved dynamic tracking and measurement before and after the chemical reaction of the pentaphenyl molecule. Combined with theoretical calculations, the mechanism of molecular chemical reaction processes is revealed and experimental observations are verified.
This fusion multi-dimensional characterization technology strategy is expected to provide a feasible solution for the construction of chemical structure and species identification and structure-activity relationship in surface catalysis, surface synthesis and two-dimensional materials, and has important scientific value in the research fields of surface chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis. The results were published in the journal Science, and reviewers commented that the technology "will have cross-disciplinary impact."
Schematic diagram of single molecule multiparametric measurement based on scanning probe
3
Important progress has been made in the research on the superiority of quantum computing in China
Superconducting qubits and optical qubits are internationally recognized physical systems that promise to enable scalable quantum computing. The quantum computer's solution to a specific problem surpasses the superiority of supercomputers, that is, quantum computing, and is the first milestone in the development of quantum computing.
The scientific research team composed of Pan Jianwei of the Institute of Quantum Information and Quantum Science and Technology Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made important progress in quantum computing of superconducting quantum and optical quantum systems, making China the only country in the world to reach the milestone of "quantum computing superiority" in the two physical systems.
After research, the superconducting quantum computing research team built a 66-bit programmable superconducting quantum computing prototype "Zuchong No. 2", which realized the rapid solution of the "quantum random line sampling" task, which is 10 million times faster than the current fastest supercomputer, and the computational complexity is one million times higher than Google's superconducting quantum computing prototype "Planewood", making China reach the "quantum computing superiority" milestone for the first time in the superconducting system.
At the same time, the optical quantum computing research team built a quantum computing prototype of 113 photons 144 mode "Nine Chapter Two", which deals with specific problems at a speed that is hundreds of millions of billions of times faster than that of supercomputers, and enhances the programming computing power of the optical quantum computing prototype.
Nine Chapter TWO 144 Pattern Interferometer Experiment