The sheng Tang meteorology represents the peak of China's ancient national strength, the ancient China of the zhenguan rule and the kaiyuan dynasty and the two dynasties of the kaiyuan dynasty has made the surrounding minority countries feel frightened, and the Turkic, Tuguhun and Goguryeo countries have been surrendered, but there is one country that is an exception, it not only was not surrendered by the Tang Dynasty, but also married a Tang Dynasty princess, and later even invaded the hinterland of the Tang Dynasty for a time, so that the three Tang emperors were helpless against it, and finally it was Wu Zetian who took the throne to resolve the crisis.
This country is the Tibetan region of Tibet. The name Songzan Gampo should be familiar to everyone, he is a very wise monarch in Tubo, under his rule Tubo a country of national strength is getting stronger and stronger, and even can fight with the Tang Dynasty army back and forth, so that the Tang Emperor thinks of this minority country headache.
Songzan Gampo courted for relatives, achieving a good story between Tibet and the Tang Dynasty
Before Songtsen Gampo ascended to the throne, Tubo was in the transition period from a slave society to a feudal society, and the contradictions between the new aristocratic class and the old aristocratic class broke out, and Songtsan Gampo, with the support of the new aristocratic forces, quelled the civil strife in the country and successfully ascended the throne. After becoming king, Songtsen Gampo did not settle for pleasure, but continued to expand the sphere of influence of Tibet.
After defeating ethnic minority states such as Yangtong and Tuguhun, Songzan Gampo began to invade the Tang border. At that time, during the Zhenguan period, the Tang Dynasty was strong and powerful, and Tang Taizong sent an army to defeat the Tubo army that invaded the border without saying a word. Although the Tang army won the victory in the end, Li Shimin also realized that the strength of Tubo could not be underestimated and wanted to avoid the two countries from fighting again.
Songzan Gampo began to fear after seeing the powerful fighting power of the Tang army, and his chancellor Lu Dongzan proposed to make peace with the Tang Dynasty to avoid another war between the two countries. Songtsan Gampo then sent emissaries to the Tang Dynasty with 5,000 taels of gold and countless treasures to apologize for their sins, and requested peace with the Tang Dynasty and a hundred years of good union.
Tang Taizong was also very happy to hear this news, so he mated Princess Wencheng to Songzan Gampo. When Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, Tang Taizong also sent many treasures and money to Tubo, and sent a large army to escort, which shows that Tang Taizong attaches great importance to Tubo as a country.
Songzan Gampo was very fond of Princess Wencheng, and specially built a city for her to commemorate, princess Wencheng did not like the Tibetan customs, Songzan Gampo immediately abolished and changed to the Han system. Songtsen Gampo also actively sent people to the Tang Dynasty to learn advanced knowledge and technology, so in the decades of peace, The national strength of Tubo flourished.
Tubo's successor: ambitious and powerful, breaking the myth of the tang army's undefeated
However, Songtsen Gampo died young and early, and the successor monarch was young and ignorant, and the power fell to the prime minister. The new chancellor, Qin Ling, was a very ambitious man, and he felt that although Tubo was friendly with the Tang Dynasty, it was really disgraceful to go to see the Tang King every year to pay offerings. Coupled with the growing strength of the Tubo state, and the Tang Dynasty has begun to show fatigue, so the Qinling broke the decades of peace between Tubo and the Tang Dynasty and once again fought each other.
During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, The Qinling led an army that first captured several vassal states belonging to the Tang Dynasty, and then invaded the Tang border areas again. Therefore, Emperor Gaozong of Tang sent the famous general Xue Rengui to send troops to conquer Tubo, but due to strategic arrangement errors, even Xue Rengui was eventually defeated under the army of Qinling.
Although Qinling won the war with the Tang Dynasty, he also understood that the national strength of Tubo could not be supported for a long time, and he just wanted to get along with the Tang Dynasty on an equal footing, so he sent emissaries to Chang'an to ask for peace. However, Emperor Gaozong of Tang considered the defeat to be a great insult to the Tang Dynasty, and later refused Tubo's request for peace several times, and the two sides faced each other on the border for a long time.
Tang Zhongzong and Tang Ruizong after Emperor Gaozong of Tang were not able to completely resolve the war with Tubo, although they also fought many victorious battles over the years, but Tubo would come to attack again after a period of time after he returned, which made the successor emperor have a headache and could only wait for the turn of events in the non-stop war.
With the resolution of the frontier crisis, Wu Zetian won without a fight, showing the true colors of the empress
It was not until Wu Zetian came to power to rectify the imperial program again and adjust the attack strategy that the Tang army began to gradually gain the upper hand in the war with Tubo. At that time, Theon Qinling and his brother Zanbo had already marched to Liangzhou, and after beheading the governor of Liangzhou, Theon Qinling was very arrogant to send emissaries to the Tang to ask for peace, and asked the Tang Emperor to hand over the area around Hexi to Tubo.
When the ministers of the DPRK heard about this, they were very angry and asked Wu Zetian to send troops to extinguish the arrogance of Tubo. With the combat strength of the Tang army at that time, it was possible to retake the lost land, but unexpectedly, Wu Zetian very painfully agreed to the request of the Qinling Tombs and gave the border area to Tubo to stop the war.
In fact, it was not that Wu Zetian was weak, the wise Wu Zetian had already discovered that there were already very big political contradictions within Tubo, and as Songzan Gampo's son grew up, he was already very dissatisfied with the qinling control of the government for more than ten years. Later, the Tubo king Zampu launched a coup d'état to completely eliminate the power of the Qinling in the dynasty.
Knowing that his general trend was gone, He committed suicide in the army. His men knew that they might also be killed by the Tubo King after they returned, so they surrendered to the Tang army for protection. While placing the army and horses of The QinLing in the border area to defend the frontier, Wu Zetian sent an army to attack the politically unstable Tubo, and effortlessly recovered the previous lost land.
The Tubo king understood that he no longer had the strength to confront the Tang army, so he once again chose to surrender and kiss, and Wu Zetian did not take advantage of the victory to pursue Tubo, and obeyed Tubo's request to marry Princess Jincheng, and from then on Tubo and Tang began hundreds of years of peace.
From the attitude of Tang Taizong to the five emperors of Wu Zetian toward Tubo, it can be seen that it is still Tang Taizong and Wu Zetian's political means that are more clever, choosing the right time to go to war, choosing the right time and affinity, in order to live in peace with neighboring countries without consuming national strength.
War is not a good thing for any country, not only to labor the people and lose money, but also to finally gain benefits through war compared with what is lost. Just like on Qinling, although Tubo was still strong during his regency, he fought for decades in the Tang Dynasty for a little benefit on the border, which not only led to the decline of Tubo's national strength, but also failed to save his own life.
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