As we all know, in the process of China's development for thousands of years, the territory of successive dynasties has been constantly changing, which is not only a proof that the ancestors explored the world, but also reflected their great desire to conquer the world. However, the performance of the rulers of the late Qing Dynasty was astonishing, with the signing of unequal treaties, the land was ceded out, you know, it was the ancestors who fought back with blood and lives, and the behavior of these people is undoubtedly challenging the bottom line of the Chinese.
However, compared with the division of land and peace, the contribution of the Manchu Qing cannot be ignored, as a unified dynasty, it is bound to face threats from all directions. Since the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the frontier wars have not stopped, when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty attacked the Xiongnu in the north and sealed Mount Taishan, which was unique for a while, but at the same time, he also exhausted most of the national strength, laying hidden dangers for the future disintegration. In the Tang Dynasty, foreign enemies such as the Turks, Khitans, Gaochang, Xi, Goryeo and Baekje emerged in an endless stream, and the same was true of the Great Song Dynasty, the Khitan and Jurchens could even drive straight in, and the Mongols, who had been hiding and being patient, became the biggest winners.
Later, Zhu Yuanzhang successfully counterattacked, and he once again realized the great unification of the Han people, but unfortunately, the problem of frontier wars and chaos has never been solved, and the territory is very limited. However, through the efforts of the three emperors of the Qing Dynasty, "Kang Yongqian", the biggest hidden dangers in the north were eliminated, and Nian Qianyao, Ortai, Zuo Zongtang and others kept the frontier in good order. In this way, when the Qing Dynasty was at its peak, its territory had reached 13.1 million square kilometers, and even before the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was maintained at about 11.3 million square kilometers, which was already extreme compared to previous dynasties (except for the Yuan Dynasty).
It is worth mentioning that at the time of the expansion of the territory of the Qing Dynasty, a new threat was born in the north - Tsarist Russia. Since the founding of the Qing Dynasty, Tsarist Russia has already invaded the Heilongjiang River Basin, and after Kangxi took the throne, Tsarist Russia has regarded the Heilongjiang River Basin as its own land. Thus, an extremely long counterattack began, and the Qing court expanded a logistical route in the bitter cold of the far north, transporting thousands of soldiers, artillery and grain to show its determination to defend the territory.
In fact, Tsarist Russia was only tentative, after all, since the Beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the two countries have established diplomatic relations, when Emperor Mingshenzong also wrote in the National Book: "Er is the monarch of a big country, and he is also the emperor of a big country... Later, the Shunzhi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty also returned a letter of state to Tsarist Russia: "The tribute that Er has paid has been received, and for this special reward." "As far as the situation at that time was concerned, the relationship between the Qing court and Tsarist Russia was not bad, but unfortunately, the border friction could not be easily resolved." Finally, with the signing of the Treaty of Nebuchu and the Treaty of Yaohun, China's Sakhalin Island was also separated.
In the 1990s, Russia found a stone stele on Sakhalin Island, and because it was written in Chinese characters, it was convenient for Russia to invite Chinese experts to translate it. However, the translated text made both sides quite embarrassed, and if there is no accident, this should be a couplet written by the Qianlong Emperor: the seventy-year-old Tianzi Ancient Six Emperors, the fifth generation of Sun Zengyu. Qianlong believed that his martial arts were flourishing, not only quelling the rebellion in all the border areas, maximizing the country's territory, but also pushing the social economy to the peak, and everyone in the world should sing praises and praises for him.
Both sides felt very embarrassed about Qianlong's idea, because Qianlong only enjoyed the foundation laid by his ancestors, he did not have any great achievements, and he also spent a lot of manpower and material resources in the seven jiangnans, and the so-called "Kangqian prosperous world" was just superficial prosperity. In addition, this stone stele unearthed on Sakhalin Island also shows the problem, if the GreatEr Halal is so strong, how can Sakhalin Island fall into the hands of other countries?