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King Zhou You smiled at Bo and directed a scene: Beacon Theatre Princes. As a result, the major princely states basically did not trust the Zhou royal family.
Later, Inuyasha attacked Hokyo and killed the Yu King. King You's son King Ping of Zhou moved east and began the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. At this point, the princely states no longer had a tribute to the Zhou royal family. Then the well-known Spring and Autumn Warring States began.
1: Spring and autumn
Spring and Autumn is the first surviving chronicle in China. In the order of the Twelve Dukes of Lu, it began in the year of Lu Yin (722 BC) and ended in the fourteenth year of the Duke of Lu 'ai (481 BC).
However, at that time, although the Zhou Dynasty did not have the strength to control the princes, the status of the co-lord of the world was still there. Therefore, the general course of history is still recorded according to the chronology of the Zhou Dynasty.
Therefore, the Spring and Autumn Period is based on the eastern migration of the King of Zhou Ping to the beginning of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the end of the "Three Houses divided into Jin" incident, which is generally known as the Spring and Autumn Period.
The Spring and Autumn Period is the familiar "Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons", "Five Hegemons" does not refer to the five princely states alone, but to the specific five monarchs of the five princely states. Spring and Autumn Five: Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Xiang of Song, Duke Wen of Jin, Duke Mu of Qin, King Zhuang of Chu.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, although the ceremonies collapsed and were happy, during the period, each overlord had to hold high the banner of "Honoring the King" to dominate, and if he wanted to become a hegemonic country, he had to have the sacrifices and dictations given by the Zhou royal family, in order to "represent the Son of Heaven to order the princes" and become the recognized "overlord" of the world.
When the two countries are fighting, they will send emissaries to tell you "why should we send troops to attack you", and if it is necessary to start a war, they will send emissaries to agree on the place and time of battle and how many military vehicles I will bring to fight.
In general, during the Spring and Autumn Period, the monarchs of various princely states had a little blood or kinship with each other, so the ceremonial system in the Spring and Autumn Period was still preserved.
The last point is the rise of the scholars, which pushed the beginning of the Warring States.
2: Warring States
The use of the Warring States as the name of an era was only used after Liu Xiang edited the book "Warring States Policy" at the end of the Western Han Dynasty. The Warring States Policy is an important document that records the history of the Warring States (Liu Xiang narrated: "The country of ten thousand multipliers is seven, the country of a thousand multipliers is five, the enemy is fighting for power, and the cover is the warring states." ”）
In 453 BC, the three families of Zhao, Han, and Wei jointly destroyed the Zhi family, and Jin was divided by the three families of Zhao, Han, and Wei, forming a situation in which the three families were divided into Jin, and Jin Jun became a vassal. In 403 BC, Zhou Tianzi officially recognized the three families as princes, and thus the situation of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States was formally formed, until 221 BC, when Qin Shi Huang unified the Six Kingdoms.
From the three branches of the Jin Dynasty to the beginning of the nobles and vassals under the various princely states began to be eager to move the position of monarch, the monarch was killed by the courtiers to control the government abounded.
The Zhou Dynasty in this period had basically reached a negligible level, and the territory of the Zhou royal family had been basically divided.
The Warring States period was also a period of "a hundred schools of thought" in the period of great outbreak of Chinese ideology and culture, and the "Confucianism", "Taoism", "Bingjia" and so on, which had influenced China for thousands of years, also appeared in this period. Thus the scholars, who were located in the lower part of the social class, began to rise, thus influencing the course of the Warring States.
During the Warring States period, the wars of the nations no longer needed a reason, and the tactics of warfare began to be used. The scale of the war is also extremely bloody, the soldiers in the Spring and Autumn Period are mostly mainly Chinese, so the war of 30,000 people in the Spring and Autumn Period is a great power war, and in the Warring States period, the soldiers are not limited to the Chinese, according to the household, so the scale of hundreds of thousands of battles in the Warring States period is quite large.
Due to the rise of the scholar class, in order to enter the aristocratic class, the scholar began to be active among the various princely states, encouraging the nations to fight continuously. Trust between countries was lost, but they were skillfully connected by the Zongheng family.
During the Warring States period, the state system also began to be gradually improved, and the economy began to develop unprecedentedly. The contradiction between population and resources has intensified. The vassal states annexed land wars and competed for living space, replacing the political hegemonic struggle in the Spring and Autumn Period.
summary
Spring and Autumn: Beginning with the eastward migration of the King of Zhou Ping, the three families were divided into Jin.
Warring States: Beginning with the division of the three families into Jin, until the unification of Qin Shi Huang.