introduction
In the Song Dynasty Qin Guan's "Book of Xie Wang's Bachelors", there is such a passage: "Every time the people who look at the gap occasionally change today, they handle a few inches of pipe, and the paper of the book square ruler, all pick up the bruises and purples for the glory of the clan." The "occasional gap" in this passage refers to opportunistic people. However, speculation is not a legitimate means, speculation seems to get short-term benefits, but looking at the long term, it is not necessarily going to get a good result. In the end, even if you don't pay a painful lesson, you have to take a lot of detours to get back in the right direction.
In modern times, China has experienced a series of revolutions, and countless revolutionary heroes have emerged. They either worked for the liberation of the people or for the rise of the nation, and they fought tirelessly for their faith and made great contributions to the country. Lu Xun once said in the essay collection "Quasi-Wind and Moon Talk" in the article "Rare Confusion": "Not only does it vary from person to person, but it also varies from event to event, and it varies from time to time." "People are different, there are people who keep an eye on the goal, and there are people who are opportunistic. In 1927, Cai Tingkai, then the commander of the Twenty-fourth Division of the Eleventh Army, speculated on a rebellion at the critical juncture of the Nanchang Uprising, taking away nearly a quarter of the rebel army and disrupting the rebel army's position.
Cai Tingkai was born into a poor peasant family in Luoding, Guangdong Province, and after several twists and turns, he entered the Yunnan Army Lecture Hall in 1919 to study. After graduation, Cai Tingkai joined the Chinese Kuomintang through the introduction of Mingshu. In the ensuing war, Cai Tingkai made many military achievements, and in the First Northern Expedition, he led an army to capture Xinfeng City. In October 1926, when he led the Northern Expedition, he first attacked Wuchang City, and at the end of the year was promoted to commander of the 24th Division of the Eleventh Army.
In July 1927, Cai Tingkai and his 10th Division were transferred to the command of Ye Ting, and in August of the same year, they went to Nanchang with Ye Ting to participate in the Nanchang Uprising. At this time, Cai Tingkai clearly stated that he wanted to revolution with the rebel army, and he was also reused by the rebel army. The rebel army asked Cai Tingkai to lead 5,000 people to Fuzhou in advance, and entrusted the heavy task of opening the road to Cai Tingkai, which shows the trust of the rebel army in him, but what is disappointing is that what awaits is the news that Cai Tingkai defected and surrendered to Chiang Kai-shek, and he led the entire Tenth Division to Fujian to defect to Chiang Kai-shek.
Cai Tingkai's wave of operations seriously shook the hearts of the rebel army, some people who were not very firm were shaken, and Chen Haoxin, chief of staff of the Twentieth Army, also led about 700 people of the Fifth Regiment to follow Cai Tingkai's defection. The defection of the two caused the rebel army to be reduced by a quarter of its strength, disrupting the original plan to go south.
At first, Cai Tingkai, who had defected to Chiang Kai-shek, also made many military achievements and was quite important. Because of his achievements in the Central Plains War in 1930, Cai Tingkai's 10th Division was expanded into the 19th Route Army, and Cai Tingkai was also appointed deputy commander and commander of the 19th Route Army.
At the end of the year, Cai Tingkai was ordered to encircle and suppress the Red Army, and in Ganzhou, recalling the time of the Northern Expedition, Cai Tingkai decided to personally go to the Martyrs' Cemetery to pay tribute, but at this time, the villagers saw that his attitude was very different from that of the Northern Expedition, and they all avoided him when they saw him. In the ensuing engagement with the Red Army, Cai Tingkai was repeatedly defeated, and in the end, it was he himself who led the pistol battalion to counterattack to repel the Red Army siege.
After seeing that under the baptism of war, the people were displaced and miserable, Cai Tingkai's mentality also began to change, and he began to wonder what such a hard-working leading soldier was for. At this time, the internal struggle of the Kuomintang was fierce, and the phenomenon of corruption was serious, which also disappointed Cai Tingkai, and under the accumulation of lin lin, Cai Tingkai was no longer willing to go to civil war.
In January 1932, at the pass where the Japanese army was trying to invade and occupy Shanghai, the Kuomintang authorities actually agreed to the Japanese army's request and ordered Cai Tingkai's 19th Route Army, which was then in charge of guarding along the Beijing-Shanghai line, to retreat 15 miles. Cai Tingkai indignantly refused, and repeatedly stated that the Territory of Shanghai China, his Nineteenth Route Army is China's army, and he will resolutely lead the army to defend Shanghai and will never back down.
On January 18, the Japanese launched an attack on Shanghai, and Cai Tingkai immediately ordered a counterattack. After 33 days of bloody fighting with the well-equipped Japanese army, the Japanese army suffered more than 10,000 casualties, but the fourth degree Yi Shuai was never able to invade Shanghai, breaking the Japanese army's conspiracy to occupy Shanghai. After this war, Cai Tingkai's deep support of the people became the "national hero of the anti-Japanese resistance" in the minds of the people, and was praised as "a generation of famous generals".
Defending the country and resisting the Japanese Kou made Cai Tingkaishen regain the meaning of the battle and vowed to resolutely resist Japan, which had a strong conflict with Chiang Kai-shek's "foreign must first be at home" and "non-resistance policy." Liu Zongyuan's article "Afterword to the Collected Writings of Yang Commentaries" once wrote: "Those who deviate from the Tao will go far away." "Goals and propositions are not the same in the end can only be separated. In November 1933, Cai Tingkai publicly broke with Chiang Kai-shek and signed the "Preliminary Agreement Against Chiang Kai-shek and Japan" with the Red Army in conjunction with some pro-Anti-Japanese forces within the Kuomintang.
Since then, Cai Tingkai has actively publicized the anti-Japanese struggle to save the country, and raised funds in Hong Kong to expand the "Mass Newspaper" to publicize unity and resistance against Japan. After the "Qiqi Lugou Bridge Incident", Chiang Kai-shek used Cai Tingkai as the commander-in-chief of the 16th Army Group, and repeatedly inflicted heavy losses on the Japanese army in the engagement with the Japanese army, with many achievements. However, after the war, due to the anti-Chiang Kai incident of the 19th Route Army, Cai Tingkai has been subjected to exclusion and retaliation, and finally had to resign and return to his hometown.
In 1946, Cai Tingkai had a sincere conversation with Zhou Enlai in Meiyuan New Village, a meeting that made Cai Tingkai realize that only the Communist Party could save China. After strengthening his determination to "oppose Chiang Kai-shek," Cai Tingkai established the China Association for the Promotion of Democracy in Guangzhou, actively joining the ranks of opposing the civil war, advocating Sun Yat-sen's "Three People's Principles" and opposing Chiang Kai-shek's civil war dictatorship.
In 1947, Cai was awarded the rank of general. After the founding of New China, he was elected as a standing committee member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and served as vice chairman of the National Defense Commission of the People's Republic of China. Cai died in Beijing on April 25, 1968.
epilogue
Wang Shouren, a Ming Dynasty writer and military scholar, expressed such a view in "Shilongchang Zhusheng" that "it is not more expensive than nothing, but more expensive than it can be changed", he believes that everyone has had it, and those who change it are virtuous. Cai Tingkai may have taken a detour during the Nanchang Uprising, but Gui later realized the necessity of resisting Japan and saving the country, and actively participated in the anti-Japanese battle. Cai Tingkai was a hero of the anti-Japanese resistance who was deeply loved by the people, fighting bravely, and defending his family and the country.
Resources
The Book of Xie Wang's Bachelor
"Quasi-Wind Moon Talk"
"Afterword to the Collected Writings of Yang Commentaries"
"The Life of the Dragon Field"