In his lifetime, President Zhang Boling was progressive and patriotic, and he made achievements in running education and made contributions to the people. (Zhou Enlai)
Zhang Boling is a famous patriotic educator in the modern and modern history of the mainland, one of the founders of the Nankai series of schools, and has successively founded Nankai Middle School, Nankai University, Nankai Girls' Middle School, Nankai Primary School and other schools, and is known as "a creator of modern education in China".
After Zhang Boling failed to save the country from the army, he regarded education to save the country as his lifelong belief, devoted his life to education, and cultivated a large number of talents, including Zhou Enlai.
Zhang Boling is very patriotic, as the principal, he constantly preached to the students the principle of saving the country and striving to be strong. When the Northeast fell, he stood up and encouraged everyone:
China is not dead, my generation is here! ”
He even supported his fourth son, Zhang Xihu, to become an air force and fight fiercely with the Japanese army in the air. Zhang Boling also instructed his son:
"If you are not brave in war, you are not filial piety."
In the Battle of Songhu, Zhang Xihu, who was anxious to bomb the enemy and ventured to fly, was martyred. Zhang Boling endured grief and said that it was a pity that he was born in the navy but could not kill the enemy and serve the country, and now that his son had sacrificed his life for the country, he was very pleased.
Zhang Boling was a clean and honest person, when he died, "he stayed in Germany and did not leave money", there was no room, there was no room, there was no acre of land, there was no deposit, and there was only 6 yuan and 7 dimes in his pocket.
Mr. Zhang Boling is respectable, but he has a great regret in his life. Zhang Boling is one of the founders of Nankai, and he has a special affection for Nankai all his life, but in his later years, he was politely refused to participate in the school celebration ceremony of Nankai Middle School.
On April 5, 1876, Zhang Boling was born in Tianjin to a Xiucai family, but when he was young, Zhang Boling loved to learn martial arts, and he hoped that he could become a soldier who defended his family and the country. In order to realize this ideal, in 1891, the 15-year-old Zhang Boling was admitted to the Tianjin Beiyang Marine School to study navigation with excellent results. Zhang Boling is the best student in the sailing driving class, and she is at the top of every exam.
In 1894, Zhang Boling and eighteen other students completed the class and were sent to the Beiyang Marine Division for internship. Zhang Boling went to the army with enthusiasm, but he was hit very cruelly. In 1895, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War broke out, and the Beiyang Fleet was attacked by the enemy on its back and the entire army was destroyed. Because there was no boat, Zhang Boling was forced to go home and wait, and lived idly at home for a year.
The following year, Zhang Boling was sent to serve on the Tongji ship. In 1898, the British forcibly leased Weihaiwei, Zhang Boling sent the Qing court officials to handle the formalities for the transfer of Weihaiwei with the ship, and personally experienced the humiliating scene of the "Three Changes of the National Flag": The Japanese sun flag was lowered in Weihaiwei, and the Yellow Dragon Flag of China was raised, but one day the Yellow Dragon Flag was lowered again, and the British rice flag was raised.
Zhang Boling was extremely sad and indignant, he understood that he could not save the country by joining the army, so he was determined to educate and save the country and cultivate talents for the country. Zhang Boling later recalled,
"Witnessing the three easy national flags, sadness and indignation filled the chest, deeply stimulated, thinking that the country has accumulated to this point, not self-improvement, Xi to try to survive." The way to self-improvement is in education, the establishment of new education, the creation of new talents, and the lifelong willingness to save the country by engaging in education, that is, the beginning of this time. ”
After Zhang Boling left the Navy, he first returned to his hometown of Tianjin to become a private school teacher. When Zhang Boling was a private school teacher, he met Yan Xiu, who advocated a new type of education, and the two had similar interests and decided to run a school, with Yan Xiu providing funds, and Zhang Boling served as the school supervisor.
In 1907, Zhang Boling and Yan Xiu built a school on the Kaiwa Land in the south of Tianjin, also known as Nankai Middle School.
Zhang Boling's education to save the country was officially opened.
Nankai Middle School is getting bigger and bigger, attracting many students to study, and even many overseas Chinese children have come to visit, and by the sixth year of the Republic of China (1917), there were thousands of students.
But Zhang Boling was not satisfied, and he believed that for the development of the country, it was necessary to establish higher education institutions:
"General education is only the initial stage of national education, and the establishment of institutions of higher learning is the fundamental plan for the development of the country."
In 1918, Zhang Boling, Yan Xiu and Fan Jingsheng went to the United States to inspect the school, and then prepared to establish Nankai University. In 1919, Nankai University was formally established, with three colleges of arts, science and commerce. Nankai University has cultivated a large number of talents, and Zhou Enlai is the first batch of students in the liberal arts department of Nankai University.
In 1923, Zhang Boling established Nankai Girls' High School; in 1928, Zhang Boling established the Nankai Primary School; Zhang Boling also founded the Nankai Economic Research Institute and the Institute of Applied Chemistry, thus constituting a complete Nankai education system.
Zhang Boling, together with Peking University Cai Yuanpei and Tsinghua Mei Yiqi, is known as the three legendary principals of the Republic of China period. Zhang Boling is an educator, he not only attaches importance to cultural education, but also emphasizes the need to strengthen exercise, advocating "strengthening our race, sports first." Zhang Boling was the first to propose that China join the Olympic family, and was the first to promote the participation of Chinese Olympic athletes, and was known as "the first person in China's Olympic Games".
The 2008 Olympic Games were held in Beijing, and International President Rogge put it this way:
"This grand event, held for the first time in Beijing, fulfills a dream that Chinese – a dream expressed by Mr. Zhang Boling a century ago."
Zhang Boling is an educator, but also a big husband who is enthusiastic about serving the country, and his original intention of running a school is to save the country. As the principal, he constantly preached to the students the principle of saving the country and striving to be strong, and the students were learning with the goal of striving for the country. Zhang Boling has repeatedly publicly supported the Nankai student parade and patriotic movement.
When the northeast fell, Zhang Boling gave a bloody speech at the northeast Christian youth meeting, and the opening statement was
"China is not dead, my generation is here!"
In 1927, Zhang Boling established the Northeast Research Association at Nankai University to study and deal with the problem of Japanese aggression; in 1932, when the Japanese army invaded Shanghai, Zhang Boling organized a fundraising team in Nankai and took the lead in donating 500 yuan to comfort the anti-Japanese officers and soldiers; in 1935, at the opening ceremony of Nankai University, Zhang Boling even raised three questions for the students to strengthen his patriotic and salvation heart.
Zhang Boling asked:
"Are you Chinese?"
The teacher and student replied, "Yes!" ”
Zhang Boling asked again:
"Do you love China?"
Teachers and students replied, "Love! ”
Zhang Boling asked again:
"Would you like China to be good?"
Teachers and students replied, "Yes!" ”
Zhang Boling brought the idea of saving the country and striving to be strong to his students and also to his family. Zhang Xihu, his fourth son, studied in Nankai from an early age and became a staunch patriot under the tutelage of his father.
After the September 18 Incident, the ambitions of the Japanese invaders were clearly revealed. In order to cultivate air force talents to defend the country, the Hangzhou Jianqiao Silkworm School was expanded into the Central Aviation School, and enrollment began to be carried out to cultivate students' abilities in flight, expulsion, attack, reconnaissance, and bombing. Countless patriotic young people applied for the Central Aviation School and became the earliest pilots on the mainland.
These pilots were a tragic group, because after they graduated, they went to the battlefield of the anti-Japanese war, and most of them died. They were all young at the time of their deaths, only in their 20s, and most of these people were still the second generation of the rich and the second generation of officials at that time.
When the country was in danger, with the support of his father, Zhang Xihu joined the army to report to the country and was admitted to the third phase of the Central Aviation School. After graduating, Zhang Xihu served as a member of the 30th Squadron of the Eighth Brigade of the Air Force and began to fight fiercely with the Japanese army in the air. Zhang Boling has always encouraged him to kill the enemy heroically, and also used the sentence in the "Filial Piety Classic" to tell his son that if he kills the enemy without being heroic, he is not filial piety
"If you are not brave in war, you are not filial."
During the Battle of Songhu, Zhang Xihu was ordered to fly from Ji'an, Jiangxi to Nanjing to fight against Japan. Zhang Xihu, who had bad weather, was anxious to blow up the enemy, and ventured to fly, was martyred at the age of 27. When the bad news came, the Nankai University founded by Zhang Boling was blown into ruins by the shells of the Japanese Kou.
Everyone thought Zhang Boling was going to collapse, but he didn't fall. He endured his grief and told his family that his son's sacrifice for the country was to make up for his regrets
"I myself was born as a water master, and now I am old, and I hate that I cannot kill the enemy and serve the country." And now that my son has sacrificed his life for the country, there are no regrets..."
Zhang Boling stressed in an interview that the Japanese Kou destroyed Nankai's buildings, but nankai's spirit is still there, and it will become more and more courageous:
"The enemy blew up Nankai this time, and the destroyed people are Nankai materials, and the spirit of Nankai will become more and more vigorous because of this setback!"
In the midst of the war, Nankai University did not stop running. The department of Nankai University first moved to Changsha, then to Kunming, and merged with Peking University and Tsinghua University to form the Southwest United University, and Zhang Boling served as a member of the Standing Committee of the University Committee.
Zhang Boling devoted his life to education, but in the special era, his troubles also followed.
Zhang Boling's fame grew, and at chiang kai-shek's repeated invitations, he joined the Kuomintang and became the president of the Examination Institute of the National Government in Nanjing. However, he soon resigned and chose to live in Chongqing.
At the end of November 1949, when Chongqing was about to be liberated, Chiang Kai-shek invited him to Taiwan many times, and Zhang Boling chose to stay on the mainland.
Zhang Boling donated the Nankai series of schools he founded to the state, and he very much hopes to continue his education. But because his relationship with Chiang Kai-shek was once very good,
Not only did he not have the opportunity to return to Nankai to continue his education, but he could not even participate in the school celebration.
As one of the founders of Nankai, Zhang Boling has deep feelings for Nankai, but he cannot participate in the school celebration ceremony in Nankai, which should be the biggest regret in his life.
On October 17, 1950, Zhang Boling put on a raincoat to go to Nankai Middle School to participate in the school celebration, but was stopped by his third son, Zhang Xizuo. Because the night before, a teacher from Nankai Middle School came to talk to Zhang Xizuo at home, to the effect that he would not let the old principal Zhang Boling attend the school celebration.
Zhang Boling, who was rejected by the school, was very painful, but he still maintained his composure and smiled
"Well, since it's raining, let's not go for a while!"
Zhang Boling understood that Nankai Middle School, he would never go back.
Fortunately, Zhou Enlai has never forgotten his mentor. When Zhang Boling and his wife went to Beijing, Zhou Enlai instructed the relevant departments to properly receive them; after Zhang Boling returned to Tianjin, Zhou Enlai instructed Huang Jing, the mayor of Tianjin, to take care of Zhang Boling and his family.
On February 23, 1951, Zhang Boling died of illness in Tianjin. Because his relationship with Chiang Kai-shek was once very good, and the government had not yet made clear certainty about Zhang Boling's problem, many of his colleagues, friends, and students did not go, and only twenty or thirty relatives and old friends went to mourn.
Zhang Boling was incorruptible all his life, and when he died, there was no room in the house, no acre of land, only six yuan and nine cents in his pocket. Zhang Boling walked very desertedly, but Zhou Enlai did not forget to cultivate and carry his mentor, and he sent a wreath with the following words:
"Bo Lingshi has been through the ages! Student Zhou Enlai respectfully. ”
Someone asked Zhou Enlai how to evaluate President Zhang, and Zhou said:
"President Zhang was progressive and patriotic in his life, and he made achievements in running education and made contributions to the people."
Zhou also said that he could hold a memorial service for him.
Zhou Enlai's remarks can be regarded as a conclusive conclusion for Zhang Boling and affirmed him. Zhang Boling has such a student, and he can rest in peace.