Familiar with history, always let people feel a lot of truths in other people's stories, such as the character to be told today, his story is enough to wake up everyone's life, he is in Ningxia ruled for 17 years, known as the "King of Ningxia" Ma Hongkui, his life can be described as full of legends.
Ma Hongkui is a sleek man, always able to survive in adversity, and can be promoted to the knighthood, in the 17 years of Ningxia, he looted a lot of money, resulting in the people hate him to the bone, after the defeat in 1949, he fled to the United States with 3 wives and nearly 8 tons of gold, after the founding of the country want to return to China but it is too difficult, in the United States fell into a desolate evening, before dying said four words: I want to go home.
Be the beneficiary of warlord melee
Ma Hongkui was born in 1892, his father Ma Fuxiang was a big man with a head and a face at that time, and Feng Guozhang and other people had close contacts, born in such a family and environment, Ma Hongkui from an early age heard a lot of ideas about the revolution, so that when he grew up, he wanted to devote himself to the revolutionary cause.
Relying on a good family situation, Ma Hongkui received an advanced education at that time, and after graduation, he joined the League and wanted to devote himself to the revolutionary cause, but in an anti-Qing activity, Ma Hongkui was unfortunately arrested and imprisoned by the Qing army, and later relied on his father's various parties to get out smoothly.
After this incident, his father was worried that he would break into trouble again, so he specially arranged for him to join the army as a small officer, and later Ma Hongkui also led soldiers to participate in the Bailang Uprising, because he was brave and decisive in the process of encircling and suppressing Bailang, and made great achievements, so after the end of the campaign, he was awarded the title of general by Yuan Shikai, following Yuan Shikai.
After Yuan Shikai's death, relying on his father's relationship with Feng Guozhang, Ma Hongkui was able to continue to serve in the National Government, and his official position continued to rise, so it can be said that the road paved by his father for Ma Hongkui was indeed quite smooth. In his career as an official, Ma Hongkui witnessed too many vicissitudes of the world, thus learning to be sleek and sophisticated, and after the outbreak of the Zhifeng War, he threw himself into Feng Yuxiang's subordinate division commander.
In 1926, Feng Yuxiang took the oath of office in Wuyuan, and Ma Hongkui actively responded to the call of the Northern Expedition, served as the commander-in-chief, actively cooperated with our party in the Northern Expedition, went to Shaanxi to fight, and ensured the victory of the campaign to aid Shaanxi and made great contributions. At that time, Ma Hongkui, in the process of cooperating with the Communist Party, was deeply influenced by the Communist Party's ideology, and thus felt that the future of the Communist Party was unlimited, so when Chiang Kai-shek later ordered him to clean up the party, Ma Hongkui was not only unwilling to serve, but also risked taking the Communist Party member Liu Zhidan and others out of northern Shaanxi.
It can be said that in the process of dealing with these things, Ma Hongkui is quite smooth, and he leaves a way for others to live, that is, to leave a back road for himself. As Chiang Kai-shek's power increased, Ma Hongkui realized that it was definitely not possible to continue to follow Feng Yuxiang, so he joined the team to overthrow Feng Yuxiang and was entrusted by Chiang Kai-shek with a heavy responsibility.
Later, after the outbreak of the Central Plains War, Ma Hongkui thought at the beginning that Chiang Kai-shek had more than one enemy and might be in the inferior position, so he accepted the encouragement of some people and decided to oppose Chiang Kai-shek, just when he was about to make up his mind, Chiang Kai-shek and Song Meiling got married, with the support of the two big families of Kong and Song, and there were many American weapons supplements, Ma Hongkui instantly felt that the odds of victory against Chiang Kai-shek were too small, so he decided to make a counter-plan.
Behind the backs of those who advised him to oppose Chiang Kai-shek, Ma Hongkui secretly found Chiang Kai-shek and gave chiang kai-shek their list, so that before the anti-chiang kai-shek plan had even begun, it ended in bankruptcy.
It is by relying on his own sleek sophistication, Ma Hongkui in the warlord melee period, successfully became the ultimate beneficiary, along the way, we will find a problem, Ma Hongkui's means of doing things is, who has the power to follow whom, there is a feeling of wall grass, it is this style of doing things, led to Ma Hongkui's later desolate ending.
He ruled Ningxia for 17 years and had a bad track record
In 1932, Chiang Kai-shek sent Ma Hongkui to suppress the Communists, and Ma Hongkui was well aware of the immeasurable future of the Communist Party, so he did not seriously complete the tasks entrusted to him by Chiang Kai-shek, so Chiang Kai-shek was very dissatisfied with him and sent heavy troops to surround Xinyang, intending to arrest Ma Hongkui and take him back to clean up.
After all, Ma Fuxiang was ill and old, and when he was preparing to go to Beiping, he unfortunately died of illness halfway through, which had a great impact on Chiang Kai-shek. In view of the fact that Ma Fuxiang was also a major figure with political influence, Chiang Kai-shek felt that if he continued to take care of Ma Hongkui in the event of Ma Fuxiang's death, others would definitely think that he was too stingy, so Chiang Kai-shek recalled the team that captured Ma Hongkui, and at the same time appointed Ma Hongkui as the chairman of the Ningxia government, allowing him to enter Ningxia with two regiments of troops.
In fact, Chiang Kai-shek's appointment was mainly to show his own atmosphere, and he did not really want to let Ma Hongkui go, because he only allowed Ma Hongkui to bring two regiments of troops into Ningxia, and such a small number of people, in Chiang Kai-shek's view, could not have much impact on himself, but Chiang Kai-shek underestimated Ma Hongkui's sleekness, and he selected the elite soldiers in his troops to piece together into two regiments to take away, and the remaining old, weak, sick and disabled had no combat effectiveness to speak of.
In other words, although Ma Hongkui only brought two regiments into Ningxia, because these people were elite, so the combat effectiveness should not be underestimated, it is precisely on these foundations that Ma Hongkui ruled in Ningxia for 17 years, during which time he completely became the "Emperor of the Soil" of Ningxia, plundering the people in the Ningxia region, earning a lot of money, and being called "the King of Ningxia".
So how did Ma Hongkui loot the people? The most important performance is that he has appointed all important positions in Ningxia as his cronies, so that he can monopolize all walks of life in Ningxia, and even the only education industry that did not have a monopoly at the beginning has successfully realized his ambitions after Ma Hongkui squeezed out the director of the Education Department five times, and since then, Ma Hongkui has completely monopolized all walks of life in Ningxia.
Even during the War of Resistance Against Japan, the people lived in the depths of the water, Ma Hongkui still did not give up the looting of the people, he took advantage of the reputation of anti-Japanese recruitment, forcibly conscripted troops, forcibly asked the people to donate, if they did not want to pay, they would be installed in the name of rebellion, relying on these inhumane means, Ma Hongkui accumulated considerable wealth in the Ningxia region, and by the time he fled to the United States in 1949, he already had nearly 8 tons of gold, and his wealth could be imagined.
Of course, it is precisely because of Ma Hongkui's 17 years in Ningxia that the people hate him to the bone, laying the groundwork for his later desolate end, many things, not good and evil, but the time has not yet come, ma Hongkui planted the evil causes, will eventually bear evil results.
Before dying, he said: I want to go home
In 1949, the War of Liberation has achieved great victories, the northwest region is also under the leadership of Peng Dehuai, the final liberation, Ma Hongkui because of the defeat in the northwest region, causing Chiang Kai-shek's high dissatisfaction, after Chiang Kai-shek and others fled to Taiwan, Ma Hongkui also applied to go to Taiwan himself, the result was rejected by Chiang Kai-shek, and also dismissed him, so that he completely became powerless.
When he was powerful, Ma Hongkui could do whatever he wanted, and now there was nothing left, and if he continued to stay in Ningxia, it was estimated that he would be killed alive by the people, so Ma Hongkui planned to flee to the United States after careful consideration, but at that time Chiang Kai-shek still sent people to monitor Ma Hongkui's every move, and it was not an easy task for him to flee to the United States.
In order to be able to escape to the United States, Ma Hongkui came up with a precise plan, he first let his sick aunt Liu Xianxia go to Hong Kong to see a doctor, and then he asked Chiang Kai-shek for leave to visit his aunt in Hong Kong, and after arriving in Hong Kong, he asked his friend Chennault to help get a "Republic of China passport", created some false information, and fled to the United States with three aunts and nearly 8 tons of gold on the grounds of going to the United States to treat his aunt.
Originally, Ma Hongkui, who had so much wealth, should have been able to enjoy his old age in the United States, but what happened later completely exceeded Ma Hongkui's expectations. Soon after living in the United States, Ma Hongkui was old and sick, and handed over his property to the "secretary aunt" Zou Deyi to take care of, but Zou Deyi fell in love with a Chinese-American professor, and finally abandoned Ma Hongkui with a large amount of property and followed the professor, Ma Hongkui's property was instantly reduced a lot.
Later, Ma Hongkui used his remaining property to open a farm and lived the rest of the time, in his later years, Ma Hongkui always hoped to return to the motherland, but every time he thought about this problem, he would think about another question: "Do the people of Ningxia still hate me?"
epilogue
In 1970, Ma Hongkui died of illness in Los Angeles, usa, and before he died, he kept saying a sentence in his mouth: "I want to go home, I want to go home", but unfortunately, sometimes, once you leave, it is difficult to come back, and some things, once done, have to bear the corresponding consequences, which is an indisputable fact that has been verified by history for thousands of years!
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