Jingdezhen is known as "ten pastels are not as good as one bucket color, ten pieces of bucket color is not as good as one piece of enamel color", from this statement, it shows the preciousness and specialness of enamel color. How special is enamel? From its firing location, it can be seen that the Qing Dynasty set up a royal kiln factory in Jingdezhen, and the royal kiln factory was responsible for firing porcelain for the imperial palace, which included blue and white, doucai, pastel, five-colored and other colored porcelain, but it rarely fired enamel color, and the reason why it was not fired in Jingdezhen was because the emperor attached special importance to enamel color, and he needed to direct the firing of enamel porcelain at close range. Therefore, the court would first transport glutinous rice tires from the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Factory to Beijing, then dispatch the best imperial painters from Jingdezhen to create, and finally be fired by the craftsmen of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the emperor would personally participate in the whole process and issue amendments until the enamel color he was satisfied with was fired. Such a production grade and production specification are not only incomparable to other porcelain in the Qing Dynasty, but also have not seen similar cases before the Qing Dynasty.
Qingqianlong enamel color floral pattern garlic bottle collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing
There is a historical record describing the emperor's personal involvement in the making of enamel colors. On August 14 of the 10th year of Yongzheng, Yongzheng issued an edict issuing his own order on the firing of enamel patterns: "Although this bottle of glazed water is better than before, its bottle is light red with crimson flowers, pale green and dark green flowers, too broken and too small to look good, and there is no need to burn this kind thereafter." Or brocade or larger leaf patterns, burned with heart, admiration. ”
Qing Yongzheng Enamel Moon Season Green Bamboo Poetic Cup Private Collection
After the location of the enamel color firing was set in Beijing, it was greatly convenient for the emperor to personally participate in it, and once the manufacturing office burned a work that satisfied the emperor, the emperor often gave it with great joy and did not hesitate to reward it. The history books record that on the sixth day of the first month of March in the eighth year of Yongzheng, when Langzhong Haiwang presented a pair of enamel cigarette pots, he asked: "Who painted this pot?" Who is the firing? Hai Wang played: "This snuff bottle was painted by Tan Rong, and it was Deng Bage who burned the enamel material, and several eunuchs helped to handle the firing." Feng Zhi: "Reward Deng Bage twenty-two, Tan Rong twenty-two, and the rest of the craftsmen and so on to give each person a silver twelve, admiration." ”
Qing Yongzheng enamel colored pine bamboo meitu olive bottle Collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing
The same is colored porcelain, why can enamel color win the dragon's heart? The reason is that the enamel color is particularly bright, the porcelain fired is magnificent, very royal style, the emperor not only keeps his own play, but also rewards the courtiers with a good reward, the history books record: "(Yongzheng 2nd year) April 22 from the Yizhai to the imperial chancellor imitation enamel teacup two boxes, the minister (Nian TangYao) prostrated his head and led the collar. Fu Zhen this kind of kiln, the color is beautiful, the manufacture is exquisite, really do not let the previous generation of colorful products also! On April 15, Yue Zhongqi led an army into the Hunt for the Thieves, and when he returned to Ning, the subject declared that he would reward the four other thanksgiving, all of whom thanked Wei Chen, and respectfully thanked him for hearing it. Yongzheng 24 April 24. Nian Qianyao was a fuyuan general and a taibao in the Yongzheng period, and he was extremely favored by Yongzheng, and he rewarded Nian Tangyao with enamel, which showed the preciousness of enamel. In addition, during the Qing Dynasty, the extremely rare enamel glaze was also one of the reasons for the low rate of porcelain imported from the West, and Qing Yongzheng's "Guangdong Tongzhi" volume 58 recorded: "The Western country ... Yongzheng reinstated in May of the fourth year to pay tribute... Fourteen pieces of enamel of various colors. "On February 4 of the second year of Yongzheng, Prince Yi handed over five pieces of white wine glasses, and the inner two pieces had dark dragons. Serving: This cup is roasted enamel. Thanks. On February 23, two pieces were burned, and the eunuch Prince Qi Zhiyi was in charge. The other three pieces are burned with care. Follow this. On May 18, he made three pieces of white porcelain painting enamel wine glasses, and Prince Yi presented them. ”
Qing court regent - Nian Tangyao
The enamel glaze is small, the porcelain rate is low, and the emperor is extremely fond of it, which makes the enamel color precious. So today enamel is the most expensive porcelain auction variety besides blue and white porcelain. Today, Jingdezhen is still firing enamel color porcelain, but many buyers buy the so-called enamel color porcelain is likely to imitate the color effect of the enamel color of the new color porcelain, enamel color in ancient times is extremely expensive, in today is also one of the most expensive varieties, so some collectors spend hundreds of dollars to buy enamel color cup, or spend a few thousand dollars to buy a master 100 pieces of bottle, which basically can not be the real enamel color, even this is not enough.
Qing Kangxi carmine earth enamel color lotus tuan shou pattern bowl beijing palace museum collection
Today, let's take a look at the 20 most expensive enamel porcelain in history, let's open our eyes together, maybe the next time we will meet a future sky-high enamel color is not known.
The 20th Most Expensive Ever Qing Yongzheng Enamel Carmine Plum Bamboo Wine Circle Estimate: HKD 40,000,000-50,000,000 Price: HKD 40,860,000 Christie's Hong Kong Autumn 2016 Auction Date: 2016-11-30 Size: 6.3cm in diameter
Open, deep abdomen, circled adduction. The outer wall is decorated with enamel color, carmine is the ground, and a plum branch is painted near the foot of the circle, which grows with the shape of the cup, and two small bees are painted on it, and the branches are plum blossoms or buds to be placed, or the petals are blooming, and the branches are short bamboo bushes. The inner wall is plain and grainless, and the bottom book blue material "Yongzheng Nian System" Song style.
Nineteenth most expensive in history
Qing Yongzheng Mei Yin Tang Collection Enamel Pastel "Heian Chunxin" Picture Bowl
Estimate: RMB 12,000,000-20,000,000 Sale Price: RMB 46,000,000 Beijing Poly 12th Anniversary Autumn Auction Sale Date: 2017-12-18 Size: Diameter 11.9cm
Bowl straight mouth, curved abdomen, the outer wall curve is extremely soft and beautiful, to the bottom adduction, to undertake the circle foot, the bottom foot tire repair is perfect, the tire quality is fine and dense, the outer wall is painted with foreign paintings on plum blossoms, southern Tianzhu and Daffodils, unique ingenuity. The lower side of the outer wall is painted with a pair of cute quails, with brilliant colors and rich filling. The color of the quail and travertine painting, the texture of the porcelain tire painting enamel is obviously different from the effect of pastel, the bottom is glazed with white glaze, and the blue and white double circle in the middle falls in the six-character three-line letter of the "Great Qing Yongzheng Nian System".
Eighteen of the most expensive in history
Qingqianlong Imperial Yangcai "Jiangshan Unification" Bagua Linglong rotating pen holder
Estimate: RMB 22,000,000-32,000,000 Price: RMB 48,300,000 Beijing Poly 2018 Autumn Auction Sale Date: 2018-12-12 Size: Diameter 10.4cm; Height 12.1cm
The things used by the ancients are all accompanied by beautiful meanings, and the things of the emperors of the Qing Palace must be intentional and auspicious. This is the case with this "Qingqianlong Imperial Yangcai 'Unification of The Jiangshan' Bagua Linglong Rotating Pen Holder". It is a straight barrel type, the production process is exquisite, the mouth, foot side out, ring wall shaped foot. Turquoise green glaze inside. The barrel body is painted with sky blue blue curly grass pattern into a brocade, the wall of the barrel body can be rotated, painted with foreign color five-color phoenix, phoenix two birds, and all over the auspicious cloud pattern. In the center of the abdomen, there is a small rectangular open light of the upper and lower two weeks, decorated with "ten thousand words not to the head" to symbolize the boundless life of the whole life, and in the depiction of gold open light with ink color book Bagua Gua Elephant. The lower half of the barrel is painted with a negative figure of a dragon horse, two spirit turtles, and the Rock of the Six Mountains and the Lingzhi of the Waves. The outer mouth and feet are decorated with red color depiction of gold ornaments. The bottom is glazed with turquoise green glaze, and the blue and white seal book "Qianlong Year of the Great Qing Dynasty" section.
Seventeen of the most expensive in history
Qingqianlong Purple red land yangcai rolling road icing on the cake bile bottle
Estimate: HKD 40,000,000-60,000,000 Sold: HKD 50,264,500 SOtheby's Spring 2018 Sale Date: 2018-04-03 Size: 21.7cm
At the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Rococo style began in Paris, with a beautiful and continuous hysteresis and curly grass pattern, plus gold, with soft tones, the style quickly became popular in France, Germany, Italy and other countries, affecting art, handicrafts, interior design and architecture. Compared with the magnificence and stability of European Baroque art and architecture, Rococo art gives people a sense of lightness and beauty; the court aesthetics of the Kangyong and Yong dynasties tend to be solemn and solemn, and this Western style injects a pure and lively atmosphere into it.
Sixteen of the most expensive in history
Qingqianlong Imperial Blue and White Clip Yangcai General View "Peach Blossom Source" Figure Amphora Live Ring Large Bottle
Estimate: Consulting Price Transaction Price: RMB 50,600,000 Size: China Guardian Spring Auction 2018 Sale Date: 2018-06-18 Size: Height 55.2cm; Foot Diameter 16.7cm; Foot Diameter 12.8cm
The bottle is plated, the middle of the long neck is slightly retracted, the lower part is bulging, and a ring dragon ear is placed on each side. The abdomen is oval under the neck, round and full, and the feet are skimmed outwards and the feet are rounded. The neck feet are decorated with blue flowers, the upper painting is between the tangled branches and flowers with dragon patterns, and the lower ones are ruyi cloud head patterns and lotus petal patterns, the painting is delicate, and the hair color is moderate, vivid and vivid. The body of the vessel is finely painted with a foreign color "Peach Blossom Source" general view, the color of the painting is used in Western painting techniques, the willow tree and the peach blossom are different in color, the river water is dyed with a very light gray-blue material, the boulders in the water are painted with a hemp and an axe, and the upper part of the body is smeared with blue color material, and the picture is stained with rubs, thick and light, and the three-dimensional sense is strong. The mouth of the bottle and the living ring on the ear are golden, the mouth and the soles of the feet are glazed with turquoise green glaze, and the bottom book "Qianlong Year of the Great Qing Dynasty" six characters and three lines of alum red seal book.
Fifteen of the most expensive in history
Qingqianlong Yellow Land Yangcai icing on the cake Dark Eight Immortals Double Dragon Ear Bottle
Estimate: HKD 40,000,000-60,000,000 Sold: HKD 51,160,000 Sotheby's 2015 Spring Auction Date: 2015-04-07 Size: 75cm
The name "Yang Cai", which Jun also uses, is a reflection of Emperor Gaozong's recognition of the West Wind in China. With the introduction of dense foreign flowers by missionaries in China, the use of gradient layers or white color to explain three-dimensional light and shade, etc., after repeated experiments, the Qing palace craftsmen have been able to master the use of them during the Qianlong period. This product is a combination of Chinese and Western, exquisite skills, sincere and colorful masterpieces, extremely rare.
Fourteen of the most expensive in history
Qingqianlong Huangdi Yangcai Rolling Road Jindi Folding Branches Yanghua Jade Pot Spring Bottle
Estimate: HKD 30,000,000-40,000,000 Sold: HKD 57,240,000 Sotheby's 2014 Fall Auction Date: 2014-10-08 Size: 29.3cm
The bottle is cleverly used as a slim neck skimmer, hanging shoulders and a plump abdomen, and carrying short feet. The hyperbolic is elegant and fluent, the posture is graceful, but the proportions are just right, and it is not demure. The outer wall of the foreign color finely painted folded branches of the foreign flowers, there are passionflower, silver lotus, lily, morning glory, honeysuckle, butterfly flower, peach blossom, daffodil, pomegranate flower, rose and chrysanthemum and other 27 groups, shy buds waiting to bloom, delicate and proud, gap full of yellow color cone to remove the tail curl grass pattern, icing on the cake, elegant, rich and delicate color, three-dimensional image.
Thirteen of the most expensive in history
Qingqianlong Blue ground enamel color double dragon lotus pattern bowl
Estimate: HKD 10,000,000-15,000,000 Sold: HKD 60,020,000 Christie's Hong Kong Spring 2011 Sale Date: 2011-06-01 Size: 16.1cm Diameter
Twelve of the most expensive in history
Qingqianlong Porcelain tire Yangcai yellow icing on the cake added flower lotus pattern Changchun Baizi figure double dragon ear bottle
Estimate: HKD 50,000,000-80,000,000 Sold: HKD 66,475,000 Christie's Hong Kong Spring 2018 Sale Date: 2018-05-30 Size: Height 38.8cm
Double dragon ear bottle, with double dragon as the ear, details are applied to alum red depiction gold. The outer mouth of the bottle and the outer wall of the circle foot are decorated with alum red and gold color echoes, which not only meet up and down, but also form a unified visual perception on the left and right sides of the neck. The neck is decorated with a yellow glazed cone-drawn phoenix-tailed curly grass brocade pattern, which is matched with the yellow earth foreign color passionflower pattern on the shin under the bottle, and the two passionflower patterns are one longitudinal and one wide, which is set with the local shape of the utensils, showing the meticulousness of the court law.
The 11th most expensive Qing Kangxi in history Imperial Carmine Enamel Lotus Flower Bowl Estimate: Consulting Price: HKD 74,040,000 Sotheby's Hong Kong Spring Auction Date: 2013-04-08 Size: 11cm
The mouth is slightly skimmed, the wall is adducted, and the edge of the circle foot is cut and repaired. The tire quality is white like jade, meticulous and delicate, the glaze is pure and bright, and the tire glaze is closely matched. The material is bright and glassy, and the edges of the mouth and foot are left blank for one week. Carminous, condensed and thick. The body is full of painted Lotus, colorful, blue leaning green, pink with yellow and white. Flowers, or buds, or blooming, graceful and colorful; lotus leaves, see curled up, see dead, meaning elegant and interesting. The bottom book "Kangxi Imperial System" double-line four-character blue material lettering style, the outer cover of the two sides of the frame, the font is straight.
The tenth most expensive in history
Qing Yongzheng enamel color ochre ink plum bamboo figure bowl blue material two frames
Valuation: Consulting price
Realized Price: HKD 85,240,000 Christie's Hong Kong Autumn 2015 Sale Date: 2015-12-02 Size: Diameter 10.1cm
Bowl extravagant mouth, deep curved wall, low circle foot. The whole body is moistened with white glaze, the inside of the vessel is plain and unprinted, and a plum tree is painted on the outer wall near the foot of the circle, and the branches are beautiful, and the branches are horizontal, which are born with the shape of the bowl. The branches and flowers are either budding or blooming, painted in light ink and fine brushstrokes, light and white, each with its own posture. At the bottom of the tree, there are several bushes of dwarf bamboo, and the branches and leaves are outlined in a double-hook brushwork, which is dense and orderly, and it is extremely skillful. The half wall of the bowl is two sentences of five words and verses of the Book of Writings, the beginning of the sentence is printed with a golden red material, and the end of the sentence is pressed with two seals.
The ninth most expensive in history Qingqianlong Imperial Yangcai Jiangshan Bandai Ruyi Ear Pipa Zun Estimate: Consulting Price Transaction Price: RMB 94,75,000 Beijing Poly 2018 Autumn Auction Sale Date: 2018-12-08 Size: Height 37cm
Among the Qianlong official kilns, it can be called a chic painted vessel, its shape is noble and elegant, the decoration is graceful and gorgeous, the double Ruyi ears are exquisitely crafted, and the first line of Ruyi has a red ribbon decorated with the word "Wan" in gold color, which is vivid and ethereal, which is a prominent symbol of the high-end fine imperial porcelain ware of the Qianlong Dynasty.
Eighth most expensive in history
Qingqianlong Huangdi Yangcai "Fushou Continuous" Figure Ribbon Gourd Flat Bottle (Pair)
Estimate: HKD 40,000,000-60,000,000 Sold: HKD 107,060,000 Sotheby's 2012 Autumn Sale Date: 2012-10-09 Size: 17.7cm
The most expensive in history The seventh place Qingqianlong Imperial enamel color "Gu Yue Xuan" inscription poem flower stone jinji tu amphora estimate: Consulting price Sale price: HKD 115,480,000 Hong Kong Sotheby's 2005 Autumn Auction Sale Date: 2005-10-23 Size: 16.5cm
The most expensive in history Qingqianlong Imperial enamel color "Xiangyun Rui Bat" Kaiguang "Four Seasons Flowers" Drawing Bottle Estimate: HKD 60,000,000-80,000,000 Price: HKD 140,660,000 Hong Kong Sotheby's 2010 Autumn Auction Date: 2010-10-07 Size: 18.4cm
The fifth most expensive in history Qingqianlong Yangcai Yellow Ground Pink Qingtuolong Mezzanine Jiqing Youyu Linglong Estimate: HKD 50,000,000-70,000,000 Sale Price: HKD 149,091,000 Sotheby's Hong Kong Autumn Auction 2018 Sale Date: 2018-10-03 Size: 40.8cm High
Linglong zun skimmed the folded edge, wide neck and shoulders, yellow land finely depicted brocade, along the lower ring to paint the ruyi cloud head, rendered appropriately, three-dimensional and realistic, hanging adorned with jewels, four groups of accessories auspicious characters, and there are chimes such as auspicious bats, and add four blooming passionflowers, orange red bright blue, fresh and graceful. The other room is decorated with four groups of pisces, adding auspicious rui, supplemented by curly flowers, and the wind is overflowing. Although it is full of decorations, it is orderly and orderly.
Fourth most expensive in history
Qianlong Imperial Enamel Color Apricot Lin Chunyan TuLu Estimate: Inquiry Price: HKD 151,320,000 Christie's Hong Kong Autumn Art Auction 2006 Sale Date: 2006-11-28 Size: Diameter 11.3cm
The third most expensive qingqianlong in history Imperial enamel color Yu Beauty Inscription Poem Price: Consulting Price: HKD 169,413,000 Sotheby's Hong Kong Autumn Auction Date: 2018-10-03 Size: 11.8cm
This vessel is elegantly shaped, the arc wall is rounded and slightly skimmed, and the tire quality is fine, all as pure as snow. From the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Trek to send the Beijing Master, the palace painting enamel color, the outer wall sketch Yu Beauty, Huang Zi reserved, white timidity, red pampering, purple Shangya style, green leaves, fibrous flowers or buds, or blooming, curved stem swaying breeze, stone half cover, butterfly haunting, rendering depiction delicate as life.
The second most expensive in history
Qing Kangxi Pink Enamel Blooming Flower Disc Estimate: Inquiry Price: HKD 238,807,500 Sotheby's Hong Kong Spring Auction 2018 Sale Date: 2018-04-03 Size: 14.7cm
The shape of the instrument is elegant, the arc wall is round, the high ridge is the tire, the quality is dense and delicate, and the royal kiln of Jingdezhen is a good product, and the white beauty is as beautiful as snow. Trekking to Beijing, adding enamel to the palace, the outer wall of the astringent tire is thick and colorful, even and transparent. Pink for the ground, yan delicate color, as if half timid, vulgar carmine. The painting is four-sided plum blossom-shaped open light, lightly smeared blue, painted inside, just like leaning on the window to view the clear sky, green clouds reflecting the flowers.
The most expensive first in history, Qingqianlong, the icing on the cake "Longevity Lianyan" Figure Long-necked Gourd Bottle Estimate: HKD 30,000,000-50,000,000 Price: HKD 252,660,000 Sotheby's 2010 Autumn Auction Date: 2010-10-07 Size: 40cm
The shape and ornamentation of this light yellow long-necked gourd bottle are the classic style of the Jingdezhen Imperial Works of the Qianlong Period, and the design of the pattern is elegant and noble, which is the most stylish imperial porcelain masterpiece in this type of handicraft. When the Jingdezhen Imperial Porcelain Craftsmen adopted the new craftsmanship developed in Beijing in the early days of Qianlong, such luxurious decorations came into being. Originating from the Beijing Inner Palace Workshop, the Zhadao Brocade Technique is a technique of delineating formal patterns on glazed ground, and its ornamentation is multi-faceted with brocade patterns such as flowers and heavy diamonds, and often appears on the outer wall of the dishes, while the inner wall paints freehand scenery in a natural painting style. In Jingdezhen, this style has gradually become mainstream and perfected, and its delicate and delicate phoenix tail pattern is carved with the tip of the needle, which is extremely gorgeous and elaborate. The tangled flowers in this bottle are clearly light and dark, and the tones are soft and subtle, coiled around the gold alum red [longevity extension] pattern, like a green beam. Multiple colors overlap and overlap, and the composition is meticulous and compact, which is rare.
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