Original: Tang Fengye | Ye dialect literary history public number
In the Ming Dynasty divine and demonic novel "Fengshen Yanyi", king Huan had two sons, one named Yin Jiao and the other named Yin Hong, both sons of Queen Jiang. After Queen Jiang was killed by Dai Himself, they escaped and were saved by the immortals Guangchengzi and Chi Sperm respectively, originally planning to learn the skill to kill the King of Jiang to avenge their mother, but after completing the study, they were fooled by Shen Gongbao and aided and abused, and as a result, they died in battle with Jiang Ziya.
In real history, Yin Jiao and Yin Hong certainly did not exist. According to the Chronicle of History, the son of King Wu was named Father Lu ("Nichiren" after his death) and did not die before King Wu was killed. After the Battle of Makino and the self-immolation of king Huan, King Wu of Zhou, in order to win over the remnants of merchants, ordered Lu's father (Wu Geng) to serve the sacrifices of Yin Shang, and entrusted the main area of the former Shang King Qi and most of the merchant remnants to him to manage. What was the final outcome of Father Nalu (Wu Geng)? This also starts from the Zhou Gongdong Crusade.
▲Han Dynasty portrait stone "Zhou Gong Fu Cheng Wang" (second from the left is the Zhou Gong)
It is said that King Wu of Zhou died only 2 years after the destruction of Shang, and then Zhou Gongdan's 13-year-old nephew Crown Prince was proclaimed king (i.e., king), and he himself was regent and took over the power.
As descendants, of course, we know that Later Zhou Gongdan returned power to King Cheng, and we understand that he did this with the intention of preserving the Zhou Dynasty. However, people at that time could not know what happened, so many heavyweight figures at the beginning, such as Taibao Zhao Gongyi and King Cheng's grandfather Jiang Taigong Lü Shang, were quite dissatisfied with Zhou Gongdan's approach, especially Xiao Chengwang was also suspicious of the fourth uncle in his heart. In order to seek the unity of the Zhou people themselves, Zhou Gongdan had to make a decision - to abandon the regency and avoid living in the East. This is "Zhou Gongju East". Lin Zexu, a famous minister of the Qing Dynasty, once famously said: "If the country lives and dies by profit, it is better to avoid it because of misfortune." Zhou Gongdan's state of mind at that time should be the same.
Fortunately, Zhou Gongdan's valuable act of giving up his supreme power once again won the trust of Zhao Gongyi and Lü Shang, and King Xiaocheng also regretted finding out that the fourth uncle prayed for his brother to die when his father was seriously ill, and ordered Zhou Gongdan to return to Beijing. Zhou Gongdan thus resumed his position as regent.
However, just when the Western Zhou imperial court was partially divided, something big happened in the east - the "Three Prisons" and Lu Father (Wu Geng) set off a huge rebellion!
It is too easy to understand that Father Lu rebelled, he wanted revenge, he wanted to restore the Great Shang Dynasty. Moreover, if the throne of the co-lord of this world is regained, his father will become the "Zhongxing Ming Lord" of the Shang Dynasty, and a boy who has a little ambition will not be without a little idea in his position.
As for the "Three Prisons", they were the three wang uncles who were originally ordered by King Wu of Zhou to monitor the son of King Lu and the remnants of Yin Shang in the east--the third uncle Guan Shuxian, the fifth uncle Cai Shudu, and the eighth uncle Huo Shu. As we all know, King Wen's eldest son Bo Yikao died early, and after the death of his second son, King Wu, the eldest of the brothers, the old third pipe uncle Xian. Therefore, Guan Shuxian was very dissatisfied and jealous of the fourth brother Zhou Gongdan: the second brother King Wu died, I am now the "eldest" of the brothers, even if the nephew is small and needs a regency, the regency seat should also be mine, how should it be his turn to be the fourth elder?
History has proved countless times that the power of jealousy is infinite, and that men are more jealous of their rights than women. Therefore, this Guan Shuxian first spread rumors together with the old Five Cai Shudu and the old Eight Huo Uncles, saying that the regent of Zhou Gongdan monopolized power, fearing that he would have the intention of usurping; later, Zhou Gongju was invited back to the dynasty by King Cheng, and the three wang uncles saw that the discord was unsuccessful, and finally left behind the family affection and the heavy responsibility of guarding the east that King Zhou Wu had entrusted to them, and decided to turn the other cheek with the ho-jing court, seize the highest power, and take charge of the family themselves.
The "Three Prisons" Guan, Cai, and Huo wanted to usurp power, while the Shang Dynasty prince Lu Father wanted to restore business, at which point they reached an agreement against the Ho-Jing court. It is ironic that the jailer and the prisoner actually joined forces. Along with them rebelled against the Western Zhou court in The Capital, there were also the Eastern Kingdoms of Dongguo, Xu Guo, Xiang Guo, Pugu Guo, Feng Guo (the Western Feng Kingdom not conquered by King Wen, in present-day Gaoqing County, Zibo, Shandong), and other small states of Dongyi with the surnames Xiong and Ying (Tongyi). According to Mencius, these anti-Zhou princely states added to a total of more than 50 states. Therefore, this anti-Zhou rebellion is very loud.
In the face of rebellion, Zhou Gongdan took a resolute attitude. In the autumn of the second year of King Cheng of Zhou, as the commander of the three armies, he gathered the imperial army and embarked on the road of the Eastern Crusade. If the one he accompanied king Wu was counted as the first crusade, then this time was obviously the second.
According to the "History of Wei Kang's Uncle's Family", the "Three Prisons" Guan, Cai, and Huo Qibing once wanted to attack the imperial court's important town in the east and the planned eastern capital of Luoyi, so Zhou Gongdan's eastern crusade army first engaged the rebels of Guan, Cai, and Huo in the area east of Luoyi. Although the history books do not explicitly mention it, according to normal thinking, Zhou Gongdan would certainly secretly send a large number of lobbyists or spies to the camps of the three uncles before the two armies fought, and use "the same feelings of the same sect and the shame of treason" to educate and divide and disintegrate their subordinates. Therefore, the Zhou army under the command of the "Three Prisons" soon failed in the face of the rebel army of the imperial court led by Zhou Gongdan.
After the defeat, Guan Shuxian, Cai Shudu, and Huo Shushu crossed the Yellow River in a hurry and fled to their ally Wu Geng (Lu Father). Zhou Gongdan commanded the Eastern Crusade army to take advantage of the victory and pursue, and then crossed the river to attack the Lu Father Shang army in the Chaoge area. According to the Book of Yi Zhou, the Zhou Gong army "Linwei Zhengyin". This "Wei" land has appeared many times in the oracle bones of Yin Ruins, and the bu ci shows that "Wei" is in the east of Yin, and later texts believe that it is specifically about 10 kilometers east of Chaoge City. Therefore, in this battle, Zhou Gongdan should lead his army back to the rear of Lu Father's Shang army, first cutting off his contact with the Dongyi states and the retreat route of fleeing east. It may be that Father Lu did not expect That Zhou Gongdan would use troops in this way, and coupled with the fact that Zhou Gongdan had a "fifth column" - the help of ten great nobles of the merchants, the Lu Father Shang army that fell into panic soon collapsed completely, and the history books called "Yin Da Earthquake".
Although Father Lu couldn't fight a war, his escape skills were first-class. Seeing that the situation was not good, he immediately pulled out his leg and fled to the north, where there was a basis for merchant rule. Because we have introduced before, merchants originated in Hebei or Liaodong, and at that time, the merchant princely states such as the Lone Bamboo Kingdom and the Jizi Joseon were in the north.
For the matter of Lu Father's (Wu Geng) fleeing north, see Yi Zhou Shu Zuo Luo Xie. What was the end of his escape to the north? The Book of Yi zhou does not mention it, and books such as the "Records of History" say that he was killed by the Zhou people. But who killed such a high-ranking figure as Father Lu? It has been a mystery for thousands of years.
▲ Taibao Gui and inscriptions
In the Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty, about 2900 years after the Zhou Gongdong Crusade, when several peasants in Shouzhang County, Shandong Province, were planing the land at the foot of Liangshan Mountain (which belonged to the divided Liangshan County after 1949) in the novel "Water Margin", they went down with a few hoes and actually dug out seven exquisite bronzes from the early Years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. This is the famous "Liangshan Seven Instruments" in the archaeological community. One of the seven vessels is a bronze vessel, the Taibao Gui, which has the following inscription on its inner wall:
Wang Valu Zisheng,?厥反,王降征令于大保,大保克敬死遣,王永大保,Grant rest of the land, use Zi Yi against the order.
Translated into the vernacular, to the effect that:
The Great King rebelled against Lu Zisheng, because he rebelled, so the Great King issued an order of conquest to Taibao, and Taibao did not fail in his duties, and the Great King rewarded Taibao with a piece of land in the spare land, so Taibao specially cast this artifact to praise the kindness of the Great King.
The "Great Bao" in this inscription obviously refers to the Zhao Gongyi who held the position of "Tai Bao" in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and no one has disputed this since the taibao gui was unearthed in the late Qing Dynasty. As for the "Lu Zi Sheng" in the inscription, in 2008, the Warring States Chu Jian (hereinafter referred to as "Qinghua Jian") in the Collection of Tsinghua University wrote "Lu Zi Geng", who was the father of the merchant XinJun Lu established by King Wu.
Therefore, during the Zhou Gongdong Expedition, the real situation of Lu's father's death may be as follows:
For Lu Father (Lu Zi Sheng), a banner-like figure who has great appeal among the merchants' remnants, Zhou Ren certainly cannot let go. After Lu's father fled north after his defeat, King Cheng (or Zhou Gongdan in the name of Tianzi) ordered Taibao to summon Gongyi and immediately lead a large army to pursue and kill him. Although there was the cover of the merchants' remnants, the relentless zhao gongyi went through several twists and turns, and finally dug up Lu's father, who had fled north, and beheaded him.
Later, according to their own traditions, the remnants of Yin Shang gave Lu Father (Lu Zi Sheng) a "Japanese name", that is, "Wu Geng", which is why Lu Father was also called "Wu Geng". According to Jin Wen, after the death of Father Lu (Lu Zisheng), his family surrendered to the Zhou people, and the Zhou people moved to the area of present-day Fufeng in Shaanxi for relocation.
Father Lu had the cover of his own people and escaped with his life for a few more days, but Guan Shuxian, Cai Shudu, and Uncle Huo, who were not familiar with life, were not so lucky.
Uncle Guan knew that he was the "first offender" and was unforgivable, and when Lu Father's main force of Shang army collapsed, he saw that there was no way to escape, and was ashamed to be captured by his brother Zhou Gongdan, so he committed suicide by wiping his neck. After Guan Shuxian's death, Guan Guo was also abolished, and his descendants later dispersed everywhere. According to some ancient records, the name of the State of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong, was after Guan Shu.
Cai Shudu and Huo Shudu were captured by the Zhou army of the Eastern Crusade. However, After all, Cai Shudu and Huo Shu were the brothers of Zhou Gongdan, and Zhou Gongdan, who paid attention to the tradition of "kissing relatives", was not good at killing them. So Zhou Gongdan imprisoned Cai Shudu in a place called "Guo Ling", and later when the Eastern Crusade ended and the world was at peace, Zhou Gongdan gave him 70 relatives and 7 carriages and exiled him to a distant place. After Cai Shudu was exiled, he died soon after. However, fortunately for Uncle Guan, Uncle Cai had a second son named Hu (also known as Cai Zhong), who was very kind and virtuous. When Zhou Gongdan heard about it, he recommended him to his son Bo Bird and made him a secretary of the State of Lu. After Hu took office, he governed the state of Lu very well. So Zhou Gongdan told The Son of Hu's performance to Become King Cheng, and King Cheng reassigned Hu as the King of Cai, and warned him in the book of decrees, "Don't disobey the king's orders like your father", so that the State of Cai was able to continue. The canonical documents of King Cheng's canonization of Hu (Cai Zhong) were included in the Book of Shang, which is the "Fate of Cai Zhong". It's just that this ancient text has long been lost, and the "Fate of Cai Zhong" that we see now is not the original version of the Western Zhou Dynasty, but a pseudo-article made up by Mei Zhao, a person from the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Finally, according to Uncle Huo, the pseudo-book "The Order of Cai Zhong" says that Zhou Gongdan's punishment for him was to depose him as a Shuren, but still retained Huo Guo. Although the surviving "The Order of Cai Zhong" is a forgery, it should still have some basis for Zhou Gongdan's disposition of Uncle Huo, because Uncle Huo is the youngest of the three uncles (he ranks eighth) and should be an accessory among the accessories in the "Rebellion of the Three Prisons", so Zhou Gongdan's punishment should be lighter than that of Cai Shudu. The Huo kingdom of Uncle Huo was not destroyed by the Jin state of the same surname until the Spring and Autumn Period, which is a later story. (Excerpt from Tang Fengye's "Brief History of the Western Zhou Dynasty")
*Note: Japanese names, titles of Emperor Yin shang and nobles, consist of one tiangan character (A, B, C, D, E, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸), and another (rarely two) characters indicating the difference. The characters indicating the difference are in the front, and the Tiangan characters are in the back, such as Dayi (Chengtang), Pan Geng, Wu Ding, Wu Yi, Wen Wu Ding, Di Yi and so on. It is generally believed that the name of the day is posthumous, and the word tiangan indicates the date of sacrifice to the person.