In November 1949, New China had been established and the liberation of Chongqing was imminent. The revolutionaries imprisoned in the white mansions and slag holes were not half relaxed.
Chongqing White Mansion
In the past two years, at first the Kuomintang wanted to kill them, but they still found an excuse to take them out and assassinate them. And now,
This group of crazy people actually swung their swords directly at each other and began to slaughter indiscriminately!
This small prison is full of flesh and blood and corpses. Ever since Xu Xiaoxuan was caught here, he knew that there would be such a day. In the face of death, he did not panic in the slightest. After solemnly saying goodbye to his comrades-in-arms, he walked straight to the muzzle of the enemy's gun and calmly took his righteousness.
The bullet passed through his body, and Xu Xiaoxuan thought of Han Zidong, "Fortunately, there are still people who have escaped." ”
In the raging fire, Xu Xiaoxuan and a group of revolutionaries generously died.
The Chongqing massacre was tragic
On the eve of his escape, Chiang Kai-shek created the "11.27 Massacre" that shocked China and foreign countries.
Han Zidong, who was far away in Shandong, heard the news and immediately burst into tears.
Many people have struggled all their lives for the revolution, but his former comrades-in-arms can no longer witness the birth of a new China.
Han Zidong remembered that when he resumed his party membership last year, comrades in the party said to him: "You can withstand the test of 14 years of secret prison life, even among the party members, it is rare and precious." If you have any demands, the party will try to meet you. ”
Han Zidong
Not long after he escaped, he was greatly hurt physically and mentally. Even the shrill sound of stir-frying reminded him of the gunshots in prison, and he couldn't eat the food. Obviously, he was only close to forty years old, but he looked like an old man in fifty or sixty.
Han Zidong remembered the prisoners he knew in prison, and a little tear appeared in his cloudy eyes.
"I only hope to live a few more decades, to see the collapse of the Chiang family dynasty and to see the establishment of socialism!"
1. Serve the country in the enemy camp
In 1930, at the age of 22, Han Zidong left his hometown in Shandong to study in Beiping.
Han Zidong, who did not have much money on his body, was even more embarrassed after he arrived at school, and even his daily expenses could not be maintained. Just happened to be on the way to see a bookstore recruiting clerks, he thought hard is harder, learning is the top priority,
Only by learning good skills can we save the country
！
This bookstore is the key point of Han Zidong's life choice.
The Spring and Autumn Bookstore where he worked was founded by progressives and usually secretly sold revolutionary books.
Han Zidong also read these books desperately, and his thinking gradually changed.
A woman named Zhou Yi often came to the bookstore to read books, and over time the two gradually became acquainted, often chatting about current affairs.
Chen Geng
Zhou Yi was actually the core personnel of Beijing Teco under the leadership of Chen Geng, and when Teco was founded not long ago, everyone was looking for and developing members separately.
After a long period of observation and conversation, Zhou Yi found that Han Zidong's thinking was progressive and he was also familiar with revolutionary theory. So he asked if he wanted to become a member of the Communist Party.
Han Zidong was of course willing, and at that moment he even felt that he had come to Beiping to study just to wait for this moment.
Later, Han Zidong wrote in his self-report:
From this day on, I felt that I was close to the sun, found the light, and became the happiest person!
After undergoing strict scrutiny, Han Zidong developed into an underground member of the Communist Party of China in January 1932.
At that time, the head of the secret service, Dai Kasa, had just established a special agent agency in North China in Beiping, with Zheng Jiemin as the district chief, and the name of the agency was "
The Blue Coat Society
", is the predecessor of the military command. Han Zidong was a student in the economics department of a Chinese university at this time, and this identity was more conducive to covering for him.
Dai Kasa's reputation made many people feel frightened, and Han Zidong was not afraid. Resolutely obeyed the organization's arrangement to enter the Blue Jacket Society as an undercover agent.
Since then, the Spring and Autumn Bookstore has become the secret office of Beijing Tecco.
Group photo of members of the Blue Jacket Society. Front row from right: Deng Wenyi, Du Xinru, Zeng Zhaoqing, He Zhihan, Gui Yongqing
The Blue Jacket Society is well organized, and in order to prevent information leakage, horizontal contact between members is prohibited in the society, so the information that Han Zidong can access is very limited, but this does not bother him.
Han Zidong thought of a way to develop familiar members in the school, who were assigned to various departments, and with whom he was connected, he could obtain all kinds of information more widely.
As a result, Han Zidong obtained a lot of important information and successfully passed this important information to the hands of the Communist Party, which can be said to have made a major contribution to the Communist Party.
But things don't always go smoothly. Traitors have appeared in the underground party organization where Han Zidong belongs! His behavior was reported, and in order not to expose his identity, Han Zidong immediately set off to shandong to hide.
2. Torture in prison
The wait was really difficult, and Han Zidong evaded for three months in a row. Waiting like this is not the way to go, you have to go back and see the situation. With this mentality, he quietly returned to the university.
As a result, Han Zidong, who had just returned to Beiping, was arrested by the Kuomintang when he was young. It turned out that during the time he returned to his hometown, the beiping underground party organization had been seriously damaged.
Han Zidong returned to Beiping and just turned into the turtle in the urn. He went from being a high-ranking intellectual to a prisoner in prison.
"It's all about the revolution!"
Han Zidong, who had just been arrested and imprisoned, silently cheered himself up. What was devastating, however, was that his arrest dealt a cascade of blows to his family.
Needless to say, his wife and children are doomed to a difficult life in this era.
When his father heard that he had been arrested, he felt that there was no hope for his father and son to meet in this life, which led to depression in his heart and illness, and he died not long after.
After the outbreak of the All-out War of Resistance, Han Zidong's younger brother followed his example and also went to join the guerrilla forces to fight the war, but what he did not expect was that it did not take long
His brother was brutally murdered by the Kuomintang county magistrate!
But the trickery of fate doesn't stop there,
Han Zidong's mother experienced the death of her husband and children one after another, and under such a huge blow, she could not withstand it and died.
Han Zidong, who was already in prison at that time, naturally had no way of knowing this, and his situation at the moment was even more difficult.
The Kuomintang secret service hated this lurking red agent to the bone, and the existence of this person seemed to satirize the mistakes of their work, which was undoubtedly a serious provocation to the Kuomintang agents.
At first, Han Zidong was imprisoned in Peiping, and his interrogation was the third regiment of gendarmes known as the "Hall of the King of Yan".
Compared with the artillery fire on the battlefield, the agents tortured people to obtain information in more ways: knives and sticks were not new, they were burned with soldering irons, people were hung up and beaten in the cold wind, forced to fill pepper water and kerosene, and even buried alive.
But no matter how the enemy tortured him, Han Zidong always gritted his teeth and did not admit that he was a communist.
In another torture, Han Zidong passed out. The medical examiner came and couldn't get a pulse and filled out a death certificate for him.
At that time, the Blue Jacket Society was seriously secretive, and the various factions attacked each other. The chief agent was afraid of being accused of being an accomplice with Han Zidong and was charged with the crime of "killing people and destroying mouths". He called a doctor and went to the morgue to rescue him, and finally Han Zidong, who was the eldest, woke up.
The agent had no choice but to deal with The hard-mouthed Han Zidong, and did not dare to torture him again.
In the end, the Kuomintang had no choice but to charge him with "political prisoners" and sentence him to life imprisonment, hoping to lock him in this dark prison forever.
3. Pretend to be crazy
Concentration camps
During Han Zidong's imprisonment, the domestic political and military situation underwent drastic changes. Han Zidong was first imprisoned in Beiping and later escorted to Nanjing, the capital of the Nationalist government.
After the outbreak of the All-out War of Resistance, Han Zidong was escorted to the prisons of Hankou and Yiyang, and finally to the Kuomintang prison in Guiyang Xifeng Prison and Chongqing Baigongguan.
For many years, after moving to several provinces, Han Zidong did not let go of a single wind in the first six years of his arrest. In the claustrophobic space, Han Zidong's body and mind have suffered tremendous damage.
Life in prison is extremely hard, and the rice issued by the secret agents is called red rice, which is a mixture of rice and barnyard. It was also mixed with a large amount of sand and gravel debris, making it impossible for people to swallow, but after being extremely hungry, they could only swallow it together.
On the left is the mother Xu Linxia, in the middle is the "little radish head" Song Zhenzhong, and on the right is the father Song Qiyun
Well known to all
"Little radish head" Song Zhenzhong
The story also takes place in the White Mansion, and the story is described like this:
"Not far from the cell door was a toilet, and the smoke was breathless. In the small cell, there are many flies, mosquitoes, and bed bugs. The small radish head was bitten with large sores and small sores, and the new sores were stacked with old sores, and if they were accidentally scratched, they would bleed. What is eaten in the enemy's prison? They ate moldy rice and rotten cabbage gangs. Such a meal smells like vomiting, let alone eating it. However, there is no way, my mother patiently picked out the mouse and sand grains in the rice and let the little radish head eat it...
There seems to be no end to such a dark life. When Han Zidong was imprisoned in the Xifeng Cave, due to the dark and damp environment inside the cave, the cell was so short that he could not even straighten his waist. Being in this environment for a long time, coupled with insufficient nutrition, has caused him to suffer from a variety of diseases.
He was only thirty years old, but his hair was yellow, his face was wrinkled, and his teeth were all pulled out, making him look like he was fifty years old.
But because he did not admit his identity, he has been detained as a "serious disciplinarian". In prison, the military commanders and discipline violators looked down on him, and the revolutionaries were even more reluctant to take care of him.
Without friends and companions, he was always silent, did not participate in the disputes of various factions, and his mental strength was evident.
Only after a long period of exchange, han zidong will tell him his true identity if he feels that he is a revolutionary who can be trusted.
In order to fight the hard life in prison and long-term torture, Han Zidong has been pretending to be crazy and stupid, and he has been disheveled all day.
He often sat in a daze with his eyes empty, sitting for half a day. Sometimes I pick up the pot that has fallen on the ground and chew it until the gums bleed.
The agents looked at him crazy and thought he was being shut down, and they all called him "crazy old man." In order to find some fun for the boring prison, he often teased this "crazy person".
Han Zidong endured beatings and ridicule from others day after day, and there were also times when he wanted to die, but his loyalty to the party and his longing for his family made him stand up again.
Soon, this kind of humiliation brought a little reward to Han Zidong, and he began to get the opportunity to go to the outside of the prison.
4. Successful escape
Han Zidong was demented on his face, in fact, there was not a moment in his heart that he did not want to escape.
But in order to prevent political prisoners from escaping,
A towering wall was built around it, a dense power grid was laid out, and it was surrounded by secret agents and gendarmes
Every once in a while, a new team will be sentry patrolling. Such a harsh environment can not be escaped at all.
Even if they ran out, the physical fitness of Han Zidong and a group of inmates was simply not enough to escape the pursuit of the soldiers. Moreover, they have been detained for too long and know a lot of Kuomintang intelligence, and the agents will certainly not give up arrest easily.
In July 1946, the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party had not yet completely broken down.
Party insiders in prison temporarily set up party branches in prison, and secretary Luo Shiwen was thinking about how to escape from prison.
The news of the secret imprisonment of these so-called "political prisoners" was revealed in order to win legal rescue.
He thought of Han Zidong, and only Han Zidong had the opportunity to go out because he pretended to be crazy and stupid.
He was about to talk to Han Zidong about this matter in detail, when the head of the prison came over and said that he was going to send Luo Shiwen and Che Yao to Nanjing a day or two ago.
Luo Shiwen and Cha Yaowen knew in their hearts that this excuse must be a fig leaf for killing them.
Luo Shiwen thought for a moment, took out a small pencil, and wrote two lines on a piece of paper.
Han Zidong helped him pass the note to Xu Xiaoxuan, who entrusted someone to stuff the note in his shoes and take it out of the prison. This was Rothman's last letter to the party.
"Resolutely face all difficulties and hold high our banner!"
Rossman
On August 18, Luo Shiwen and Che Yaoxian were killed together in Songlinpo, Gele Mountain, Chongqing, and burned their bodies with gasoline.
Xu Xiaoxuan was elected as the new secretary of the party branch, and Han Zidong was elected as the branch committee. Killings like those of Rothren are staged every day.
"Can't put it off any longer." Waiting for death here is not the way, Xu Xiaoxuan and all the personnel agreed to let Han Zidong escape first.
"To escape one is one, we may not have a chance, you are our hope."
Han Zidong has insisted on exercising in a small prison for many years, and with the pretense of previous madness, the agents have begun to take it lightly, often letting him go to Ciqikou town with the guards to buy things.
Han Zidong did not live up to everyone's expectations. That day was
August 18, 1947
Han Zidong will always remember this day. On this day, as usual, Han Zidong was taken to the street by several agents to buy vegetables.
Ciqikou Ancient Town
Several agents walked in front of them, and Han Zidong followed behind with a basket of vegetables. It happened that several agents decided to play mahjong, and Han Zidong and one of the guards who were monitoring him were waiting at the door.
Chongqing's summer heat is unbearable,
Han Zidong induced the guards to buy watermelons to quench their thirst
。 The soldiers were also very thirsty, and when they saw others playing mahjong, they were suffocated, so they secretly went to buy watermelons to cool off.
Han Zidong immediately disguised himself as going to the toilet, took the money to buy vegetables, and carried a knife on his body, and he quickly walked east.
When the agents found out that Han Zidong was missing, they immediately went to chase him, but a crazy person lost them and did not pay much attention to them. There was no trace of Han Zidong in the city, so they had to go back and report to their superiors that the "crazy old man" was lost.
However, the superiors of the military command were shocked to hear such a report.
This is obviously not a madman, but a Communist Party that is deliberately trying to escape! What if this brought out the secrets of the prison?
Intoxicated
At this time, Shen Drunk, director of the Yunnan Station of the Secrecy Bureau of the Ministry of National Defense, was transporting military equipment in Chongqing, and when he heard about this, he immediately sent 10 military vehicles to chase after them, arrested them door to door along the road, and carried out a strict search in the southwest direction.
5. Tough escape
Han Zidong had been running wildly since he escaped from the city, and he did not dare to stop at all.
The secret service and the gendarmes followed, but fortunately he had only one man, and the target was not large, which was very conducive to covering up his tracks.
When he ran to the Jialing River, Han Zidong boarded a boat, slept in the cabin to escape the pursuit, and then continued to flee for his life after crossing the river.
Jialing River
It is unrealistic to walk in the wilderness all the time, and it is not easy to discern the direction. At first, Han Zidong still walked north along the city, hiding along the way, not having a good meal or sleeping peacefully.
Every day I think about how to avoid pursuit and patrol, and where to go at night will not be discovered. And the closer you are to the "common area", the more stringent the inspection.
From Chongqing to here, Han Zidong walked nearly a thousand kilometers on foot, and the dangers and difficulties along the way cannot be described in words.
Until he saw the slogan of the People's Liberation Army written on the rural wall in front of him, Han Zidong finally couldn't help but run to the militia in the village with inner excitement. Finding the organization, he finally put his mind at ease and slept for a whole day and a night before waking up.
Han Zidong later reported to the organization on the situation in Chongqing's slag cave and the White Mansion, and told his experience of running all the way, and the people who heard about it all expressed their amazement and admiration for him.
After the organization's review, the superior sympathized with Han Zidong and sent him to his hometown of Shandong to continue his work.
Han Zidong finally returned to his hometown again after more than ten years.
The long prison life and the terrifying and tense escape trip made him look like an old man in his fifties and sixties when he was less than forty years old.
In this way, I have experienced vicissitudes and even dare not knock on my own door.
Han Zidong plucked up the courage to tremble and knocked on the door, the dilapidated house opened, and he finally saw his wife and daughter who had been separated for fourteen years. But his appearance has changed drastically, and his wife has completely lost recognition of him. When he heard that he was looking for her husband Han Zidong, he thought that he was a search officer or a secret agent, and he hurriedly waved his hand and said that this person had died more than ten years ago, and he was very wary of him.
Han Zidong couldn't help but burst into tears,
"It's me, I'm Han Zidong, I'm back!"
The wife was stunned for a moment, looked at his face carefully to identify, and finally recognized her husband, and suddenly the husband and wife hugged and cried.
Han Zidong's family
Han Zidong returned to his hometown after suffering inhuman torture in the Kuomintang concentration camp for more than ten years, his wife did not remarry for such a long time, and he supported the family to raise his daughter to grow up, and finally exchanged for the reunion of his relatives at this moment.
Subsequently, all of China was liberated, and at that time, due to the poor conditions and incomplete information in all aspects, many prisoners died nameless and nameless.
Han Zidong told others about this painful experience over and over again, so that those comrades who sacrificed their lives for the revolution would be remembered and that they would receive the title of martyrs they deserved.
In 1985, Han Zidong was transferred to Guizhou as deputy secretary of the Guiyang Municipal Party Committee, member of the Standing Committee and deputy secretary general of the Guizhou Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Han Zidong, who resumed the work, still exerted his residual heat and made preparations
"Little Radish Head Children's Working Committee"
He himself often goes to schools across the country to tell the story of the little radish head.
On May 19, 1992, Han Zidong died of illness in Guiyang at the age of 84.
Han Zidong's legendary experience is written into the novel "Red Rock", which is the prototype of the "crazy old man" Hua Ziliang in the book. There are also many characters in the book that are based on real people and real events,
They are resourceful and firm, and they still do not forget to contribute to the party and the people when they are in prison. Life is difficult, the enemy is fierce, but no one is greedy for life and afraid of death.
At that time, such a number of people were innumerable, and they followed the party's cause. The sacrifices of countless people were exchanged for the establishment of New China and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Even in the 21st century, there are still individual countries that intend to provoke disputes and seek to profit from war, and all we can do is
Remember history, remember the efforts of the revolutionary martyrs, and strive to maintain this hard-won peace.
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