An unhappy marriage, many times, began with Ma Bao. If Lu Xun had not been a mother treasure man at the beginning and resolutely rejected the marriage arranged by his mother, would the marriage disaster between him and Juan be avoided? It is said that marriage is the grave of love, and this is the most appropriate thing to put on them, the cave house is the tomb of their living dead, and the tomb is dedicated to the old China of four thousand years.
Juan and Lu Xun
First, do not sleep
Zhu An's family is a well-known family in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and is the niece and granddaughter of Lu Xun's uncle and grandmother, Lady Yutian, and it is said that Zhu An and Lu Xun's family are still related to each other. When Lady Yutian returned to her mother's house, she often brought Juan to Lu Xun's house. The young girl Zhu An's eyebrows were clear and graceful, leaving a good impression on Lu Xun's mother, Lu Rui. At that time, Lu Xun's father died, the family was in a state of ruin, and Lu Rui's three sons were not around, and they always felt lonely, so they chose Juan as his eldest daughter-in-law. In 1899, the 17-year-old Lu Xun was studying in Nanjing, and without knowing it, he was engaged.
Lu Xun disagreed and wanted to withdraw from marriage, but his mother believed that this marriage was proposed to the Zhu family on his own initiative, and now ruining the marriage would damage the reputation of the two families, and if Zhu An was divorced, it would be difficult to marry again in the future. His mother had just lost her husband, and Lu Xun was a filial piety, and he couldn't bear to disobey his mother, so he had to convince himself to accept this "gift" given to him by his mother.
Lu Xun's former residence
Although Lu Xun deeply resented this kind of loveless marriage, once he accepted it, he still tried to manage it. He put forward two requirements: one is for Juan to let go, and the other is for Juan to study and receive new education and new ideas. Unfortunately, juan failed to agree to both conditions. First, her little feet were fixed and could no longer be enlarged; second, she thought it was undignified to go to school.
In 1906, Lu Xun and Zhu An held a wedding in Shaoxing. Lu Xun is a new-school figure, and the wedding is completely old-fashioned, even the bride is old-fashioned. He simply accompanied his family and bride to perform an old-fashioned ritual. Lu Xun thought in his heart: "I had to accompany him to make a sacrifice to end the old account of four thousand years." "On the wedding night, there was no spring supper moment, Lu Xun spent the night in tears, and did not sleep all night. The next day I moved into the study. On the fourth day, he left Juan and went to Japan with his second brother Zhou Zuoren.
After marriage, Lu Xun grew old very quickly, on the one hand, it was a national disaster, on the other hand, it was a family worry, and the double pressure made him drink and smoke desperately, and at the age of thirty, he looked like a little old man. Juan is also very old, this photo was taken in 1917, Juan was only 39 years old before his forehead was bald. The tragedy is Lu Xun's, and it is also Juan's.
Juan statue
2. Decent wife-chasing
Lu Xun came to Beijing from Shaoxing in 1912, and his economic situation was not bad, and he could have moved his wife to Beijing to live with him, but he did not have this idea. A 30-year-old youth has a very active physical desire, and Lu Xun is no exception. He once told Yu Dafu that he only built a thin quilt in the cold winter moon in order to restrain sexual desire.
It was not until 1919 that Lu Xun moved his mother and Zhu An to live together in Badaowan, Beijing, along with his second brother Zhou Zuoren's family. The couple was finally reunited, but they slept separately. In 1923, Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren turned against each other because of family disputes, so they planned to move to Brick Tower Hutong, saying that they were moving, but in fact, they did not include Juan.
Juan took a group photo with her mother-in-law and the little brother-in-law's family
Lu Xun called Zhu An to him and said, "I have decided to move to Brick Tower Hutong for the time being, do you want to stay in Badaowan or go back to Shaoxing's mother's house?" If you go back to Shaoxing, you will be sent living expenses on a monthly basis. ”
There is really no silver in this place, and there is no one who moves without a wife, unless he has other ideas. His thoughts were already made clear in the questioning, that is, he hoped that Juan would return to her mother's house, and he would send living expenses on a monthly basis. How can a married woman who clearly has an in-laws' house go back to her mother's house for no reason? He just didn't want to take Juan to live that kind of marriage without spiritual communication, and he really wanted to send Juan to shaoxing with dignity. This decency does not make himself appear too ruthless, but also can excessively hurt Juan's self-esteem.
I don't know if Juan has experienced Lu Xun's voiceover, but she has an iron heart and wants to do a good job of this "gift". She said: "Shaoxing mother's house I don't want to go, you move the brick tower hutong, horizontal and vertical always have to cook for you, sew, wash, sweep the floor, these things I can do, I want to move with you." Juan's words fulfilled a woman's quest for perfection.
Former Residence of Xisanjo, Beijing (where Juan lived from 1923-1947)
Lu Xun's friends all knew that he was living in a nominal, legal but unsympathetic marriage and persuaded him to divorce him. But Lu Xun knows Juan, she has a weak personality, and once divorced, she is likely to go to the end of the road. Therefore, he can only carry this marriage disaster to the end. This is both merciless and compassionate.
This move was the longest time that Lu Xun and Juan lived alone, without anyone else's nudging. Juan served Lu Xun very carefully, hoping that he would be like a snail, climbing up little by little, and always climbing to the top. Sadly, she couldn't climb to the top, and even if she did, it wouldn't help. Because Lu Xun and Xu Guangping lived together.
Lu Xun, Xu Guangping and their sons
Lu Xun and Xu Guangping live together, and Lu Mu and Zhu An's feelings are completely different. Juan was lost, but Lu Mu was very proud, first, it was not a big deal for a man to take a concubine, and second, it meant that he could hold his grandson.
Although Juan is an old-fashioned woman, she lives a very well-connected life. Her husband and Xu Guangping lived together, and she soon wanted to open. In fact, as early as 1914, she told Lu Xun to let him take a concubine so that he could pass on the Zhou family. At that time, Lu Xun also said that she was ridiculous, but now he is absurd. ay!
Third, death is not buried
Lu Xun and Juan were able to maintain a loveless marriage for 30 years, not so much on the patience of the two, but on the character of both sides. They respect each other like friends and care for each other like relatives. In 1925, Juan's chronic stomach disease recurred, Lu Xun personally took her to a Japanese hospital for treatment, once suspected that she had stomach cancer, and was very uneasy in her heart. In 1934, Juan was preparing to bring his maternal nephew to Beijing to live, and wrote a letter to ask Lu Xun for advice, and Lu Xun replied: "Please ask your wife to decide for herself." "Full affirmation of her status as hostess. Comparing Xu Zhimo and Zhang Youyi, the gap between people is really big.
Lu Xun did not love Juan, but he provided for her all his life. Juan said: "It seems that I can only serve Niangniang (mother-in-law) alone in this life, in case Niangniang returns to the Western Heavens, from the perspective of Mr. Da's usual personality, he will take care of my future life." Despite the loveless marriage, Juan said Lu Xun was "not bad for me."
Lu Xun's mother and Juan
In 1936, Lu Xun died in Shanghai, and Zhu An wanted to go south to attend the funeral, but because her mother-in-law was over eighty years old and had limited mobility, she could not make the trip, so she had to put sacrifices at home, face lu Xun's statue, and mourn without words.
Statue of Mr. Lu Xun
After Lu Xun's death, Lu Mu and Juan's living expenses were mainly borne by Xu Guangping. In 1943, Lu Mu died, leaving her alone in the family. After that, although Xu Guangping still sent money, the price of Beiping under the control of the Japanese Kou soared, and Juan's life was extremely difficult. Lu Xun's second brother Zhou Zuoren gave her a trick to sell Lu Xun's collection of books. Newspapers published the news at the time. After Xu Guangping heard about it, he entrusted a friend to tell Zhu An that Lu Xun's books could not be sold, and that this was Lu Xun's relics to be well preserved. Juan said sharply: "
You always say that Lu Xun's relics should be preserved, and they should be preserved! I am also a relic of Lu Xun, and you must also save and preserve me!
"The visitor told her that Xu Guangping had been arrested by Japanese gendarmes in Shanghai and tortured, and that Haiying had also fallen ill, and Juan was stunned, and had never mentioned selling books since then.
After the news came out, many people from all walks of life gave Juan and living expenses, but Juan did not ask for a penny, she was worthy of Lu Xun's wife, although there was no culture, Zhengzheng iron bone was also better than bending. Since then, Juan and Xu Guangping have corresponded frequently, treating Xu Guangping and Haiying as family members and inviting them to live together in the north many times. It was not until 1946 that Xu Guangping went north to meet his master and mother. Xu Guangping later left Beijing, and Zhu An was very uncomfortable for a while.
On June 28, 1947, Juan fell terminally ill. Lu Xun's student Song Zipei came to see her, and she entrusted Zi Pei to tell Guangping that she hoped to be buried next to Lu Xun after death. Even if they are accepted by Lu Xun after death, they can also be regarded as their "Daughter-in-law of the Zhou Family"! The next day, Juan left the world alone.
On July 29, 1947, the "New People's Daily" carried the news of Juan's death
However, her last wish was opposed by Xu Guangping. Xu Guangping hoped to buy a piece of land next to the tomb of his mother-in-law, Mrs. Zhou, and bury Juan. Relatives and friends in Beijing tried to do it, but in the end they failed to do so. Juan lived lonely, and after his death, he was lonely buried in Baofu Temple, outside Xizhimen, Beijing. Later, Juan's tomb was tragically destroyed, and now there is no trace of it. Of course, after Xu Guangping died, he was not buried with Lu Xun.
Wen Shijun said
Lu Xun, Zhu An and Xu Guangping are all bright and upright people. If there is a mistake, it is also the fault of the old era and old thinking, so no one accuses Lu Xun of cheating and Xu Guangping for taking love, and some are just understanding. The selfishness of love makes it impossible to care about the feelings of others, but the three of them are trying to be as generous as possible, which is their cuteness and respectability. After Lu Xun's death, the two women jointly completed the historical responsibility of protecting Lu Xun's manuscripts, because of the efforts of the two women, Lu Xun's spiritual legacy was not scattered, otherwise it would be a loss to the Chinese nation.
bibliography
Wang Xirong, editor-in-chief: Shanghai Lu Xun Studies in the Summer of 2013, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Press, 2013.
Qiao Lihua: "I Am Also a Relic of Lu Xun Zhu An's Biography", Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Press, 2009.
Zeng Zhizhong: "Three-in-One Lu Xun, Xu Guangping, Zhu An", China Youth Publishing House, 1990.
(Author: Dr. Haoran Wenshi Qingqi Ma Xiaoshi)
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