Every time the dynasties changed in ancient China, the most bitter were always the common people. The Mongols never regarded the Central Plains as their own place, and have always ruled predatorily and were extremely cruel to the Han Chinese. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang made the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains and drove out the Mongol rulers.
The Ming army and the Yuan army fought many battles in the Central Plains, although Zhu Yuanzhang finally won the victory, but the Central Plains was withered, the population was sharply reduced, the land was barren, and the original splendid Chinese land seemed to have returned to the end of the world. However, there is also a place in the whole of North China that is relatively exceptional, that is, Shanxi.
Shanxi has not suffered much war, social stability, harvests year after year, absorbed refugees from other provinces, and its population has grown to a greater extent. All this is mainly attributed to the ruler of Shanxi, Chakhan Timur.
The name Tsakhan Timur is generally unfamiliar, and he has a famous daughter named Zhao Min. Zhao Min in this "Yitian Slaughtering Dragon", Zhao Min this person is not recorded in the history books, but her brother Wang Baobao is real, or a very powerful character. Even Zhu Yuanzhang called him "the strange man in the world".
In this way, Chakhan Timur is also the king of Ruyang in the book, and he has a Han named Li Tingrui. Wang Baobao was actually his nephew and adopted son. This Tsakhan Timur is different from ordinary Mongolians, he has learned to read Chinese Confucian books since he was a child, and he has also participated in the entrance examination, and is a rare Mongolian reader.
When the rebel army rebelled against the Yuan, Tsakhan Timur clearly saw that the soldiers and horses left by Genghis Khan had long been decayed, so he organized his own armed forces, which initially had only a few hundred people, and later developed to tens of thousands. His experience is quite similar to that of the later Zeng Guofan.
Tsakhan Timur concentrated the advantages of the Mongols and Han Chinese, repeatedly broke the Red Turban Army in Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places, annihilated millions of enemy troops, and the Yuan court promoted his official to vice chancellor. It can be said that in the process of the Suppression of the Red Turban Army in the Yuan Dynasty, Chakhan Timur was one of the few bright spots, and even Zhu Yuanzhang almost accepted his offer. It is no exaggeration to describe him so well in the novel.
Who knows, Tsakhan Timur overturned the ship in the gutter in a good situation. During the siege of Yidu, he was killed by the Red Turban army general Tian Feng and others. Wang Baobao then took over all his men and territory.
Shanxi has always been the base of Chakhan Timur and Wang Baobao, and when Wang Baobao withdrew from Shanxi and returned to the grasslands, he did not fight a major war here, so Shanxi could still maintain its vitality in the war at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and was not destroyed by the war.
When the Ming Dynasty unified the Central Plains, Zhu Yuanzhang found that the population of the Central Plains had dropped by more than half. In the more stable middle of the Yuan Dynasty, there should have been a population of 30-40 million in the north, and by the time the Ming Dynasty was established, only 16 million were left, many of which were still concentrated in Shanxi. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang decided to migrate the population from Shanxi to other provinces in north China.
In the more than 50 years from Zhu Yuanzhang to Zhu Di, Shanxi has carried out large-scale migration to other provinces eight times, migrating to nearly 500 counties in 18 provinces, involving 882 surnames. Hongdong County, located in southern Jinnan, is the most densely populated, and naturally there are the most immigrants who move out of here.
According to records, the Hongdong County government went through immigration procedures at Guangji Temple on the left side of the big locust tree. Most of the migrants may have fled from other places, do not have their own land in Hongdong County, and they are the best candidates when it comes to selecting immigrants. These people also regard the locust tree as their hometown.
According to the orders of the government, immigrant families can get seeds, cattle and travel expenses, and those who have family property also have discounted fees. However, in practice, not everyone can get it. Moreover, the compensation cost is paid in DamingBao banknotes, and the depreciation is very fast. The treasure money obtained by the next few groups of immigrants has long been worthless.
This kind of immigration is actually semi-mandatory, and the more people are later on, the more no one is willing to take the initiative to immigrate, and the government has to take coercive measures, and many people are tied up along the way and escorted to their destinations like prisoners. Hence the invention of a new term, "untie the hand", untie the rope in the hand to defecate.
The government also stipulated that the same surname and the same clan could not move to the same place, and many families were separated. Zhu Yuanzhang was born into poverty, and he was also sincerely good to the people, better than all the emperors of China, but sometimes it was too rough. Perhaps his intentions are not bad, but in fact, he has caused the tragedy of life and death to countless families.
According to expert research, a total of nearly 100,000 people in Hongdong County have moved to other provinces, and nearly 200 million people have multiplied in modern times, and many people have later gone to Shanxi to recognize their ancestors and return to their ancestors and continue to write family trees. Objectively speaking, Shanxi's emigration to foreign countries has greatly promoted the economic development of the Central Plains and greatly improved China's population distribution, but the people of Shanxi have also paid a huge price for this, which we cannot ignore.
Among the 882 surnames that moved out of Shanxi, Li, Wang, Zhang, Liu, Yang, Zhao, Huang, Zhou, Wu, Xu, Sun, Hu, Zhu, Gao, Lin, He, Guo, Ma, Luo, Liang, Song, Zheng, Xie, Han, Tang, Feng, Yu, Dong, Xiao, Cheng, Cao, Yuan, Deng, Xu, Shen, Zeng, etc., are all the big households. I don't know how many readers and friends are descendants of Shanxi immigrants, welcome to leave a message in the comment area to see how many people are in this range.