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After two people get married, the man will generally refer to the woman as "wife", or "wife", but in ancient times, "wife" did not refer to the wife alone, but to the wife and son.
So the question is, in ancient times, what did people call their wives?
Zi Tong
"Zi Tong" was originally a child, which was the title of the empress by the ancient emperor.
"Zi Tong" was first seen in the Yuan Dynasty dialect book "Five Kinds of Quanxiang Ping dialects", "Wu Wang Fa Shu Ping Dialect": "Dai Ji Nai asked Tianzi: 'The former king of the former line of writing the world people into the treasure, recently entered the treasure?'" In the future, I will see it with the joy of the child. ’”
During the Ming Dynasty, "Zi Tong" was replaced by "Zi Tong". In the TV series "Journey to the West" that accompanied us, the king of wuji country called the empress Zi Tong.
wife
Before the Yuan Dynasty, it was actually wrong to call a wife a "lady".
Before the Song Dynasty, "niangzi" specifically referred to unmarried maidens, meaning today's girls. However, by the Yuan Dynasty, married women were commonly referred to as "niangzi" in society.
The Qing Dynasty novel "The History of Ru LinWai" wrote in the third and fifth times: "Asking people to carry their luggage, walk to their homes, worship their ancestors, and at the same time meet their mothers and daughters." The "mother" here means wife.
Crap
"Chaff" originally meant rough food such as rice bran and sake lees, and also referred to wives who were suffering together, so there is also the saying of the wife of chaff.
The Book of the Later Han Dynasty and the Biography of Song Hong: "The poor and the poor must not be forgotten, and the wife of the chaff does not go to the church." This means that when you are poor, you can't give up your wife when you eat chaff with them.
The great talent Su Dongpo also wrote: "Those who live in wealth and wealth are not easy to spoil." ”
madam
The wives of ancient princes were called ladies.
"Li Ji Qu Li Xia": "After the concubine of the Son of Heaven, the princes know the lady". The concubines of the emperor can also be called ladies, such as Lady Qi. "Li Ji Qu Li Xia": "The Son of Heaven has a queen, and there is a lady." ”
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the wives of officials above the second grade were given the title of wives, and now the wives are often used in social occasions.
XiaoJun, Xiaojun
In ancient times, it was important to pay attention to the unity of husband and wife, and the wife was subordinate to the husband, so the wife was called Xiaojun. "Mao Shi Zhengyi" said: "Husband and wife are one, and the woman is the lord of the husband, so the same name is Xiaojun." ”
Xiaojun refers to the ancient princes' title for their wives, which later became the collective name of wives. Han Yu's "Yueyang Lou Bei Dou Si Zhi" wrote: "The fine king knows the silkworm weaving, and the child can already pay." ”
Untouchables, wives, and insiders
These are the ancient people's modest names for their wives, usually used when introducing their wives to others.
"Untouchables" was first seen in the Ming Dynasty's "Qinxin Ji • Oath Inscription Bridge": "There are sicknesses in the untouchables, dare to bother with a bu." "Jing wife" means poor wife, from the "Biography of the Daughters", taking the "Liang Hong's wife Meng Guang, JingChao cloth skirt" in the sentence "Jingchao. "Insider" refers to the person in the house, but also the humble name of his wife.
In ancient times, the title of wife can be described as varied and profound.
In contrast, our modern people's names for wives are more popular, the most common are wives, wives, old wives, daughters-in-law, family, children, mothers-in-law, wives, mouths, wives and so on.
The "Book of Poetry, Zheng Feng, And Chicken Song" has a saying: "It is advisable to drink alcohol and grow old with your son." Qinser is in the imperial palace, and it is not quiet. ”
Although the names of ancient and modern are different, what remains unchanged is the unswerving feelings between husband and wife - raising a glass of wine, white head and old age, Qinser and Ming, and the quiet of the years.