Throughout the ages, in the thousands of years of history in China, the feudal imperial system can be said to have left a strong mark. After the continuous development of history, our current society is naturally much better than in ancient times, without the constraints of the Three Principles and Five Constants, and without the despotism of imperial power.
To say that the imperial power, at that time, can be described as the supreme power, even in the Republic of China period Yuan Shikai also staged a good play of the emperor, enough to show how tempting the imperial power is. In the history of our country, imperial power lasted about 276 years. At that time, the emperor was the center of state power, the absolute ninety-five supreme, and the whole country had to crawl with the consent of the imperial power.
However, although the power of the imperial power is supreme, there are also some positions that break his restrictions, ignore the rules, compete with the imperial power, and sometimes speak more effectively than the emperor.
The Qianlong Emperor
Because of the suppression of imperial power, in ancient times, people usually described people who naturally had great power under imperial power, and generally praised him with ten thousand people under one person. We may think of prime ministers, but this is not the case, and their power is not so great.
But I believe that everyone knows the minister of military aircraft, on the surface, the official position is not very large, but the real power it has is indeed the envy of people. The nickname of the minister of military aircraft is also called "big military aircraft" and "cardinal", in ancient times, the minister of military aircraft was the emperor's right hand and left arm, and it was generally the closest person to the emperor to serve.
emperor
Military aircraft ministers are generally also part-time, and are selected by officials such as Manchu Han University Scholars, Shangshu, Shilang, and Jingtang, or promoted by military aircraft Zhang Jing. Initially three, it was increased to four or five or eight or nine, up to eleven. His main function was to help the emperor deal with the twists and turns, participate in the deliberations of the government, seemingly nothing, in fact, the power is monstrous.
Historically, there have often been chief military ministers, and this position is generally held by highly qualified people. During the Yongzheng period, the first military ministers were Zhang Tingyu and Ortai, and in the Qianlong period, they were Hezhen. It can be said that this position is very critical.
The Military Aircraft Department was in charge of confidential government affairs, and also had the power to recommend officials to the emperor, and its power was even higher than that of the cabinet and the six ministries, and the local chapters were also signed by the Military Aircraft Department and submitted to the emperor for approval. Moreover, as long as it is the emperor's metaphor, as long as it involves confidential information, it must be drafted through the military aircraft, which is also called "secret metaphor". Sent to the local governors through the Military Aircraft Department through the Military Department, called "court mail", the cabinet has no power to inquire.
In short, the Military Aircraft Department is ordered to handle all major military and political affairs, and it can be said that he is the political center of a country. Moreover, although the Minister of Military Aircraft had to accept the absolute leadership of the imperial power, his power was really great. If you think about it, although the establishment of the Military Aircraft Department represents a more centralized imperial power, the emperor alone is certainly not busy, and then someone needs to act on behalf of the imperial power.
The Chief Minister of War aircraft undoubtedly became the greatest representative of assisting the imperial power, and although other ministers of military aircraft also had power, they were far more powerful than the chief minister of military aircraft. It is precisely because the Military Aircraft Department is completely subordinate to the imperial power, so the emperor's most trusted chief military aircraft minister naturally represents the imperial power. His power is equivalent to representing the imperial power, and it will not be subject to any restrictions, so the Qianlong period of Hezhen can also call the wind and rain in the dynasty and cover the sky with one hand.
And Kan
Although the chief military minister himself can represent the supreme power of the imperial power, this is not the focus of what we call today, and it is actually another position that can break the restrictions of the imperial power, that is, the regent, from ancient times to the present, only two people have held this position.
Auxiliary government literally means to assist the king to handle government affairs, and the regency is a big difference, the regent can directly decide the outcome of things, and do not have to report to the emperor, they can make decisions and rulings. And the official position of regent, we can also understand it in this way, that is, the acting emperor.
The existence of the regent is generally because the reigning emperor is too young to handle the government, and can only let the regent handle the government on his behalf and exercise the power of the emperor, so the regent is actually an emperor without the name of the emperor, but he can compete with the emperor.
Because of the existence of the regent, the state affairs of the whole country will be handled by the regent, and the emperor will be like a figment. Therefore, the power of the regent cannot even be limited by the imperial power.
I believe that everyone knows Dorgon, Dorgon served as the regent, and when he was the regent, he controlled the power of the dynasty, and the Shunzhi Emperor could not personally govern, let alone use the imperial power to suppress him. And when Dorgon saw the Shunzhi Emperor, he did not have to perform the courtesy of a monarch at all. However, when the ministers of the court saw Dorgon again, they had to bow down, and the regent of Dorgon, although he did not have the title of emperor, already had the power of the emperor.
Dolgun
It can be said that the position of regent has indeed broken the restrictions of imperial power, and the existence of the regent is a small emperor who has no name but has real power, and the imperial power can not limit him, but if it is not handled well, it will be restricted by him. This also led to the fact that the emperor generally resented the regent, because the existence of the regent had suppressed the imperial power.
And the regent generally did not have a good death, for example, after the death of Dorgon, he was also dug up by Shunzhi, which is enough to show how much the regent has restricted the imperial power. It can be said that Dorgon at that time was only one dragon robe away from being the real emperor.
But in history, in addition to Dorgon serving as regent, there was also one person who also served, that is, Puyi's father Zaifeng. He was also the second regent of the Qing Dynasty, but his regent was far less comfortable than Dorgon, and the Qing Dynasty at that time was already corrupt and the building would fall. The country and the whole world were corrupt and backward by the dead Cixi. Moreover, coupled with the continuous invasion of foreign powers, Zaifeng still has any power to speak of, his land is located in Dorgon can be said to be far worse than the sky, and soon after, the Qing Dynasty was also destroyed, and there was no regent in the world.
Conclusion: The imperial power in ancient times can be said to be supreme, and although the chief military minister has great power, in the final analysis, he is still acting on behalf of the imperial power, and it also depends on the face of the emperor. But the regent is completely different, he is independent of the imperial power, not only is not limited by the imperial power, but can also act on behalf of the imperial power. It can be said that it broke through the limitations of imperial power. The regent's right to speak has been comparable to the imperial power, and it is not polite to say that the regent is a real-name emperor, and his power is also enviable!