In 2021, in the face of a more complex external environment, China's automobile industry will continue to show strong resilience for development. Despite the adverse effects of chip shortage and continuous rise in raw material prices, under the promotion of technological changes such as electrification, intelligence and networking, the vitality of enterprises has been significantly enhanced, market consumer demand continues to show a trend of quality improvement and upgrading, and production and marketing have maintained stable growth overall. In this process, the automobile industry has been highly valued by the state, and many regulations and policies issued by the government have played an important guiding and leading role, which has strongly supported the industry to enter a new stage of high-quality development. To this end, "Auto Vertical" sorts out the annual top ten industrial policies of the automotive industry for readers.
1 Intelligent manufacturing planning: high-quality development, digital transformation
On April 14, 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Intelligent Manufacturing Development" (Draft for Comments), which put forward clear goals in view of the practical pain points of domestic intelligent manufacturing, aiming to accelerate the development of intelligent manufacturing.
Through the deployment of "six major actions" and "two major stage goals", the "Planning" clearly depicts the development path of the manufacturing industry. Based on the essence of manufacturing, closely following the characteristics of intelligence, taking the process and equipment as the core, based on data, relying on the carriers such as manufacturing units, workshops, factories, supply chains and industrial clusters, we will build a virtual-real integration, knowledge-driven, dynamic optimization, safe and efficient intelligent manufacturing system. By 2025, manufacturing enterprises above designated size will basically popularize digitalization, and key enterprises in key industries will initially achieve intelligent transformation. By 2035, manufacturing enterprises above designated size will fully popularize digitalization, and backbone enterprises will basically achieve intelligent transformation.
Quick review
China has turned to a new stage of high-quality development, is currently in the transformation of the development mode, optimize the economic structure, the transformation of growth momentum of the key period, the need to intelligent manufacturing as the main direction of attack, to promote industrial optimization and upgrading, improve quality and efficiency, to help carbon peak carbon neutrality, to promote China's manufacturing industry towards the global value chain of high-end.
2 Classification of autonomous driving: unified standards and specification descriptions
On August 20, 2021, the recommended national standard of GB/T 40429-2021 "Automobile Driving Automation Classification" proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and centralized by the National Automobile Standardization Technical Committee was approved and issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation and the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, and will be implemented from March 1, 2022.
The standard specifies the principles, classification elements, definitions of each level and technical requirements framework for the classification of automobile driving automation, based on the degree to which the driving automation system can perform dynamic driving tasks, according to the role assignment in the performance of dynamic driving tasks and whether there is a designed operating range limit, driving automation is divided into 0 to 5 levels. Among them, level 0-2 is driver assistance, the system assists humans to perform dynamic driving tasks, and the driving body is still the driver; level 3-5 is automatic driving, the system replaces humans to perform dynamic driving tasks under designed operating conditions, and when the function is activated, the driving body is the system.
As an important basic national standard in the field of intelligent and connected vehicles, its release and implementation will effectively support industry management, help the construction of the standard system, standardize the development and publicity of enterprises, enhance consumer understanding and market acceptance of products, and is of great significance to improving public transportation safety and promoting the orderly development of industrial norms.
3 Construction of vehicle networking system: overall planning, leading support
On March 17, 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Transport, and the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China jointly issued the Guidelines for the Construction of the National Vehicle Networking Industry Standard System (Related to Intelligent Transportation) (hereinafter referred to as the "Construction Guidelines").
The "Construction Guide" mainly aims at the general specifications, core technologies and key applications of intelligent transportation, builds a standard system including basic standards, service standards, technical standards, product standards, etc. of intelligent transportation, guides the formulation and revision of relevant standards in the field of intelligent transportation in the Internet of Vehicles industry, gives full play to the leading role of the standard in the application of key technologies, core products and functions in the Internet of Vehicles industry, and forms a unified and coordinated national vehicle networking industry standard system framework with other parts of the Construction Guide. By the end of 2022, more than 20 standards for intelligent transportation in the fields of intelligent transportation infrastructure and traffic information assistance will be formulated and revised, and a standard system to support the application and industrial development of the Internet of Vehicles will be initially constructed; by 2025, more than 20 key standards for intelligent transportation in the fields of intelligent management and service, vehicle-road collaboration and other fields will be formulated and revised, and the system will form a standard system that can support the application of the Internet of Vehicles and meet the needs of transportation management and service.
The Internet of Vehicles industry is a new type of industry with deep integration in the automotive, electronics, information and communication and road transportation industries, and is a global innovation hotspot and a commanding height for the future development of the industry. The "Construction Guide" gives full play to the top-level design and foundation leading role of standards in the construction of the ecological environment of the Internet of Vehicles industry, provides support for the creation of an innovation-driven, open and collaborative Internet of Vehicles industry, and helps accelerate the pace of construction of manufacturing power, network power and transportation power.
4 Parts remanufacturing specifications: recycling and recycling economy
On April 14, 2021, the National Development and Reform Commission and eight other ministries and commissions jointly issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Auto Parts Remanufacturing Specifications. The "remanufacturing" referred to in the Measures refers to the process of professional repair or upgrading of old auto parts that are no longer used for reasons such as functional damage or technical elimination, so that their quality characteristics and safety and environmental performance are not lower than those of prototype new products.
The "Measures" emphasize that automobile manufacturers are encouraged to support the remanufacturing of products into their own after-sales system sales. It is forbidden for remanufactured products to enter the production of complete vehicles; insurance companies are encouraged to include the products of remanufactured enterprises that will be certified by the remanufacturing quality management system into the maintenance spare parts system. Encourage automobile maintenance enterprises to adopt remanufactured products of enterprises certified through the remanufacturing quality management system; the state advocates consumers to use remanufactured products. Encourage government agencies, troops and other public institutions to give priority to the use of remanufactured products in automobile maintenance.
This is China's auto parts remanufacturing industry, but also the global remanufacturing industry, the only one to standardize the auto parts remanufacturing industry management rules and regulations, for the high-quality development of China's auto parts remanufacturing industry has a milestone significance, help promote resource recycling, reduce environmental pollution, promote the development of circular economy, and help achieve carbon peak carbon neutrality.
5 Used car off-site transactions: off-site processing, convenient transactions
On April 19, 2021, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Public Security and the State Administration of Taxation jointly issued the Notice on Promoting the Registration of Used Car Transactions Across Provinces and Facilitating The Transaction of Used Cars in Different Places to promote the convenient trading of used cars and help the prosperity and development of the used car market.
Promote the off-site trading of second-hand cars, for registered small and micro non-operating passenger cars, buyers and sellers can choose to trade at the place where the vehicle is transferred out or transferred; facilitate the registration of the transfer of second-hand cars, clarify the electronic online transfer of archives for the transfer registration of small non-operating second-hand cars; standardize the transaction behavior of second-hand cars, further strengthen the main responsibility of the operation, ensure the safety of the transaction, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of all parties to the transaction. The Notice also makes specific arrangements for the implementation progress of the policy, clarifying that from June 1, 2021, in 20 cities such as Tianjin, Taiyuan, Shenyang, and Shanghai, the registration of off-site transactions of small non-operating used cars will be implemented on a pilot basis; from September 1, 2021, the municipalities directly under the central government, provincial capitals, autonomous regional capitals, and cities with separate plans will be fully implemented; and in 2022, it will be fully implemented nationwide.
It helps to improve the convenience of second-hand car transactions, accelerate the formation of a unified national large market for second-hand car trading, and focus on solving the problems of long and inconvenient second-hand car off-site transaction cycle from the institutional aspect, and further promote the development of the second-hand car trading industry.
6 China VI Emission Standards: Full Implementation and Green Development
On April 25, 2021, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the General Administration of Customs jointly issued an announcement that in order to implement the relevant requirements of the Pollutant Emission Limits and Measurement Methods for Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (China Phase VI) (GB 17691-2018), in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, from July 1, 2021, the National VI Emission Standards for Heavy-duty Diesel Vehicles will be fully implemented nationwide, and production will be prohibited. Sales of heavy-duty diesel vehicles that do not meet China VI emission standards. At the same time, it is stipulated that imported heavy-duty diesel vehicles must also meet the National VI emission standards.
Compared with the China V standard, the China VI standard for heavy vehicles requires further tightening, and the limits of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter are reduced by 77% and 67% respectively. The implementation of the National VI emission standard for heavy-duty diesel vehicles marks that China's automobile standards have fully entered the National VI era, basically achieving integration with developed countries in Europe and the United States, helping the external development of China's automobile and related parts industry, and is of great significance to the automotive industry to promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.
7 Specifications for intelligent networked vehicles: road testing, demonstration applications
On July 27, 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Transport jointly issued the "Management Specification for Road Testing and Demonstration Application of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (Trial)".
The "Specification" has mainly been revised and improved in the following aspects: First, on the basis of road testing, demonstration applications are added, allowing safe and reliable vehicles to carry out manned demonstration applications after a certain period of time or mileage road testing, and extending the test demonstration roads to highways, urban roads and areas including highways. Second, the scope of test vehicles has increased the number of special operating vehicles to meet the needs of unmanned sweepers and other uses, and the test demonstration subjects have increased the requirements for network security, data security and other aspects. The third is to improve the general detection project of the autonomous driving function of intelligent networked vehicles, promote the unification of test items and standard specifications, and make it clear that there is no need to repeat the test for the general project when passing the test in one place, further reducing the burden on enterprises. The fourth is to cancel the requirements for the issuance of "road test/demonstration application notices", adjust the relevant safety requirements to enterprise safety self-declaration, and simplify the handling procedures.
The "Specification" adapts to the development of new technologies, new models and new formats, plays an active guiding role in accelerating the industrialization process of intelligent and connected vehicles, promotes the introduction of local management rules, builds test demonstration areas, opens test roads, issues test licenses, and carries out demonstration applications of manned vehicles, etc., to promote the development of China's intelligent and connected vehicle industry to achieve positive results, and "run side by side" with the global advanced level.
8 Intelligent networked vehicle product access: access management, accelerate promotion
On August 12, 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Management of Intelligent and Connected Vehicle Manufacturers and Product Access. It is a refinement and supplement to the Guidelines for the Administration of Access to Intelligent Connected Vehicle Manufacturers and Products (Trial Implementation) (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines).
The "Opinions" are divided into 5 parts and 11 contents of "general requirements, strengthening data and network security management, standardizing software online upgrades, strengthening product management, and safeguard measures", pointing out a series of derivative security issues such as data security, network security, functional safety, and expected functional safety faced by intelligent networked vehicles in the process of R&D, production and industry development, as well as OTA issues affecting consistency management.
Compared with the Guidelines, the Opinions put forward more specific management rules, which are more operable and have a positive guiding effect on industrial development. The "Opinions" clarifies the data security and network security management methods of intelligent networked vehicles in the form of access management, and at the same time has new provisions for the online upgrading of software of intelligent networked vehicles, which provides a fundamental guarantee for maintaining data security and will have a positive role in promoting the research and development, testing and application of related products.
9 Power battery management: cascade utilization, circular development
On August 19, 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Commerce, and the State Administration of Market Regulation jointly issued the Administrative Measures for the Echelon Utilization of New Energy Vehicle Power Batteries.
The "Measures" proposes to encourage cascade utilization enterprises to cooperate with enterprise agreements such as new energy vehicle production, power battery production and scrapped motor vehicle recycling and dismantling, strengthen information sharing, use existing recycling channels, and efficiently recycle waste power batteries for cascade utilization. Encourage power battery manufacturers to participate in the recycling and cascade utilization of waste power batteries. In terms of system design, implement the extended producer responsibility system, carry out the whole life cycle management of cascade products, promote the improvement of the collaboration mechanism between the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, establish a voluntary certification system for cascade products and coordinate the supervision and management of cascade utilization.
China's new energy vehicles have entered a new stage of explosive growth, and the annual sales and ownership have increased significantly. After the retirement of the new energy vehicle power battery, there is generally still 70%-80% of the remaining capacity, which can be downgraded for energy storage, power backup and other scenarios to maximize the utilization of residual energy. The "Measures" have important guiding significance for the field of power battery recycling, which is conducive to improving the comprehensive utilization of energy and promoting the development of circular economy.
10 Carbon emissions trading management: emission quotas, market mechanisms
On 5 January 2021, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment promulgated the Administrative Measures for Carbon Emission Trading (Trial Implementation), which will come into effect on 1 February 2021.
The Administrative Measures for Carbon Emission Trading (Trial Implementation) proposes that the Ministry of Ecology and Environment shall formulate a total carbon emission quota determination and allocation plan in accordance with the national greenhouse gas emission control requirements, comprehensively considering factors such as economic growth, industrial structure adjustment, energy structure optimization and coordinated control of atmospheric pollutant emissions. The provincial-level competent departments for ecology and environment shall, in accordance with the total carbon emission quota determination and allocation plan formulated by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, allocate the prescribed annual carbon emission quotas to the key emitting units within their respective administrative regions。
The state attaches great importance to the work of addressing climate change and puts forward the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, which fully demonstrates China's confidence and determination to actively cope with global climate change. The construction of the national carbon emission trading market is a major institutional innovation that uses market mechanisms to control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote green and low-carbon development, and is also an important starting point for the implementation of the "double carbon" goal, providing a strong legal guarantee for accelerating the construction of the national carbon market.
