The change of the "Tumu Fort" in the Ming Dynasty was a major event in history, and its consequences led to the capture of the emperor and the full defense line of the Great Wall into the defensive position. Subsequently, there was the largest court beating incident in the Ming Dynasty, the Noon Gate Blood Case, in which a Gansu man took the lead in killing Ma Shun, the commander of the Jinyi Guards, with the wenchens.
This Gansu man is the politician Wang Hu.
Wang Zhu (1414-1488), courtesy name Gongdu, was born in Jiangxia, Hubei Province, and his grandfather Wang Junqing sat in charge of Guarding Hezhou, so he dropped his hukou to Hezhou and became a native of Hezhou. Wang Zuo's father, Wang Zuo, had never been an official in his lifetime, and when the university scholar Xie Jin was demoted to Hezhou, Wang Zuo met and understood Jin, and the two became literary friends, often chanting poems and writing together.
At the age of 21, Wang Hu became a Confucian student and was elected in the orthodox three-year examination. In the fourth year of orthodoxy, Wang Hu passed the examination for the middle of the jinshi, ranked fifth, and became a second-class jinshi. However, it was also at this time that his parents died of illness one after another, and Ding was worried at home. It was not until the eleventh year of orthodoxy that he was appointed to the ministry of household affairs. Wang Hu's personality was greatly influenced by the northwest side plug, and he was bold, dignified, and outspoken in the face of things.
The fourteenth year of orthodoxy is a turning point in the history of the Ming Dynasty. In this year, the Tumu Fort Incident occurred, Ming Yingzong did not listen to the dissuasion of the ministers, in the case of insufficient preparation of grain, grass, materials, intelligence, etc., credulously believed the eunuch Wang Zhen's words, the royal conquest, the result was surrounded by Tatar cavalry led by Ye Xian, 500,000 troops collapsed, Ming Yingzong was also captured, this is what the "History of Ming" said "Yingzong Northern Hunting".
At the critical moment, the ministers elected Zhu Qiyu, the king of Qi, to oversee the country and hold a court meeting at the noon gate. During the court meeting, the ministers impeached Wang Zhen for misleading the country, and the ministers all fell to the ground crying and demanded that Wang Zhenyu be punished. At this time, Wang Zhenyu's party was still arrogant, and Jin Yiwei commanded Ma Shun to be Wang Zhen's nemesis, and he shouted loudly, reprimanded the courtiers, and demanded to leave immediately.
Wang Zhu was very angry, and he raised his arms, grabbed Ma Shun's hair, and shouted, "You traitor is dying, and you dare to be so arrogant!" Wang Zhen scolded while biting Ma Shun's face with his teeth. When the surrounding ministers saw this, they rushed up and knocked Ma Shun to the ground, and everyone punched and kicked ma Shun to death at once.
Ma Shun served as the commander of the Jinyi Guard during the reign of Emperor Yingzong of Ming, and he created a record in the history of the Ming Dynasty, and the first and only Jinyi Guard commander in history to be beaten to death by a group of civilian officials in the court, known in history as the Noon gate blood case.
At this moment, the court was in chaos, and the king was very nervous, so he got up and walked to the palace. Wang Hu led his ministers to follow closely behind the king, and the king sent the lieutenant Jin Ying to ask the group of ministers what they wanted to say. The Qunchen replied, "The internal officials Mao Gui and Wang Changsui are both Wang Zhen's remnants, and ask the King of Qi to bring these two people to justice as well." "The king had no choice but to order the two men to be pushed out of the crack in the palace door, and as a result, these two people were also killed by the courtiers.
Wang Hu's name shocked the world, and the King of Qi also had great trust and respect for Wang Hu, and gave him condolences and praise. After the throne, king Xi changed his era name to Jingtai. At this time, the first soldiers had also arrived on the outskirts of the Beijing Division, and the King of Qi ordered Wang Zhu, Wang Tong, and Yang Shan to guard the imperial capital, and especially promoted Wang Zhu to the position of Right Governor Yushi, supervising Mao Fushou and Gao Li's army. With the efforts of Yu Qian and others, the soldiers and civilians of the Beijing Division finally repelled the Yexian army. In order to strengthen the defense of the outer periphery of the Capital Division, the emperor ordered Wang Hu and Du to command Xia Zhong and other towns to guard Juyong Pass. After Wang Zhu arrived at Juyongguan, he immediately selected soldiers and horses, repaired the city wall, and impeached some generals who were not in office, and for a time Juyongguan had a new look.
Later, Emperor Mingyingzong was restored, and Wang Hu's official was removed and he was replaced by Zhejiang to participate in politics. A few days later, Shi Heng and Zhang Xuan pursued Wang Hu's attack on Ma Shun, and he was demoted to a civilian position and assigned to Jiangxia. Half a year later, Emperor Ming Yingzong saw Wang Zhen's Shangshu in the palace, saw that it read "Righteousness, Good Grace and Righteousness", and was very moved, so he sent officials to send him back to his hometown and let the relevant departments take proper care of him.
Wang Hu lived idly at home, reading behind closed doors. In the fifth year of Tianshun, the nomadic tribes attacked Yongdeng (then Zhuanglang), and the governor Feng Zong and others led an army to resist, and it was urgent to be familiar with the geography, and people with prestige in the local area came forward to gather the native soldiers of the villagers to participate in the battle. At the recommendation of Li Xian, Wang Hu was reinstated to his post and served with Counselor Bai Gui of the Military Department.
The raid by the nomadic tribes lasted for more than a year. In the first month of the following year, Wang Hu and Feng Zong repelled the invading nomadic tribes at the Red Cliff Zichuan River, guarding the peace of the side. After returning victoriously from the army, Wang Hu remained until the winter.
Later, Wang Hu was once again entrusted with heavy responsibilities by the imperial court, first supervising Caoyun and appeasing Huai and Yang. Wang Hu also served as the Shangshu of the Military Department, and while rectifying military affairs, he also attacked a hot potato - supervising the Beijing camp.
The Ming Dynasty Jingying refers to the main force of the forbidden army guarding the capital. At that time, it was known as the Twelve Battalions, with more than 100,000 troops, which was the pillar of the defense of the capital. However, in the Battle of Tumu fort, the Jingying suffered heavy losses and never recovered until the fall of the Ming Dynasty, and the Jingying did not reorganize. Because, those heroes who followed the Yongle Emperor Jingnan at that time regarded jingying as their own territory and did not allow others to touch it.
Under the auspices of Wang Hu, the Beijing camp was straightened out, the old posts were restored, the noble marshals of the family were forbidden to treat the forbidden army as miscellaneous services without authorization, and all the more than eighty people of the incompetent twelve battalions of the Beijing camp were dismissed, and a number of capable middle-level officers were supplemented. This touched the interests of the nobles who controlled the Beijing camp. Later, Wang Zhu and the ministers recommended the revision of Yue Zheng and gave them to Zhang Ning, but they were obstructed by people and even transferred these two to other places. This is to empty his meaning.
Seeing that the government was like this, Wang Hu angrily wrote to the court, saying that he was not in good health and asking to go home to recuperate. Although the emperor retained him in many ways, he resolutely requested zhishi. In September, Zhi Shi resigned. At this time, Wang Hu was only fifty-five years old.
Back in his hometown, Wang Hu named his study "Xiu'an". I lived a pastoral life at home, which even the townspeople could not easily see. In December of the first year of the reign of Hongzhi, Wang Hu died at the age of 75. Zhengdejian was given the title of Prince Shaobao and given the title of Zhuang Yi.
In the Ming Dynasty, Gansu produced many talented and famous ministers, such as Jingqing, Zhao Shichun, Hu Zhanzong, Wang Zhen, etc., most of whom were upright and upright. People say that one side nourishes the other side, and they show the style and integrity of the Gansu people.
Source 丨Benliu News