The spiritual legacy that Wang Hu left to posterity - Lu Shixiong

A poet once said: Some people are alive but already dead, and some people are dead but still alive. The dead live because their personality and spirit remain in the hearts of the people and never perish. Wang's story has been spread among the masses of the people for nearly six hundred years, not only his position as an official Zhi Shangshu, nor is it only the earth-shattering move of "iron wat strikes adultery", but the rich spiritual legacy he left to posterity. Wang Hu's spiritual legacy can be summed up in the following aspects: First, his fearless and selfless spirit of standing up and daring to take responsibility in the face of the difficult situation of refugees in the country; second, his concept of being an official who was diligent and conscientious in his duties; third, his honest, prudent, and upright demeanor at all times after upholding power or retiring from retirement; fourth, he never abandoned his hometown and cherished his hometown's pure feelings; fifth, his family style inheritance of filial piety and frugality and morality and not staining the habit of officials and eunuchs; sixth, he left behind many solemn and beautiful poems and masterpieces, which enriched the treasure house of Chinese literature. Today, the most important significance of our commemoration of Wang Hu is to inherit and carry forward the spirit of Wang Hu, add excellent traditions and full of positive energy to the formation of cultivating the core values of socialism.

First, the selfless and fearless spirit of daring to take responsibility

The politics of the Ming Dynasty was extremely dangerous, Ming Taizu abolished the prime minister, the six directly subordinate emperors, and established an extreme monarchical system, and the courtiers would be killed by the court staff if they were not careful; after Chengzu launched the "Battle of Jingnan", the eunuch power gradually expanded, and this group of slaves who were raging with false imperial power were like vicious dogs catching and biting political enemies at any time, frightening most officials to tremble and be cautious. By the end of Emperor Yingzong's reign, after the death of "Sanyang" or the death of Emperor Yingzong, the eunuch clique headed by Wang Zhen had become an evil force that influenced the government by virtue of Emperor Yingzong's favor, and even after the "Change of Tumu Fort", Zhu Qiyu, the king of the state, did not dare or was unwilling to completely suppress or eliminate Wang Zhen's party. It was in this sinister political situation that Wang Hu, as a zhongzhong with an official rank of less than seven pins, led a beating of Ma Shun and other traitors in the imperial meeting, not only on the basis of temporary anger but with sufficient ideological preparation--in the face of national difficulties, it was impossible to turn the situation around without taking extraordinary measures. This requires the spirit of responsibility that puts life and death out of the degree. The reason why only Wang Hu had a heroic name was because he was the first courtier to rise up and take on the most courageous responsibility.

In the Huaiyang disaster relief, in the face of starving people everywhere, in addition to using conventional methods and measures permitted within the system, he also adopted a risky strategy, ordering the opening of xuzhou, a key state grain depot, to store grain in a warehouse. When the pawnbroker insisted on the system and refused, he solemnly declared: "The people are thieves." If you don't get rid of it, if you don't get rid of it, you should cut it off first, and then ask yourself to die." The lieutenant official was afraid of his prestige and had no choice but to obey it, and he was impeached for the crime of specialty. In the face of the life and death of thousands of hungry people and personal safety, he chose to put the interests of the people's livelihood first, and once again put his life and death on the line, which is another manifestation of his courage to take responsibility in a dangerous situation.

Even for dereliction of duty outside his own office, he dared to stand up and correct it. In the fourth year of Jingtai, Jining, Shandong Province, was plagued by famine, and emperor Jingtai sent Shangshu Shen Yi to take the national treasury of 30,000 taels to the relief. Who knew that Shen Yi was stingy and unwilling to distribute all of his wealth, and only sent out 5,000 taels, and the remaining 25,000 taels were returned to the Beijing Treasury. When Wang Hu learned of this, he immediately went to the court to impeach Shen Yi for not noticing the miserly money and dereliction of duty of the disaster situation, and requested that the money used to buy rice for relief was used, and after further investigation of the disaster, the relief was scattered to the people, and the imperial court thought that Wang Zhu's request was reasonably accepted. Other things, such as "successively impeaching corrupt officials and reaping the grain chiefs of the people," are even more. Stand up, dare to take responsibility, do not worry about personal gains and losses, selfless can be fearless. This spirit of Wang Hu is consistent with Lin Zexu's "Profiting from the life and death of the country, and avoiding it because of misfortune and happiness."

Second, the concept of being an official who is diligent in government and loves the people

Analyzing the belonging of Wang Hu from the political system of the feudal dynasty, of course, he was also a member of the huge bureaucratic organization of the feudal dynasty. However, in terms of the concept of being an official, Wang Hu has its own characteristics, which are mainly manifested in diligent administration and love for the people.

Wang Zhu successively served as the Governor of the Three Prefectures of Huaiyang, the Governor of The Three Provinces of Huaiyang, the Governor of The Two Provinces of Caoyun, the Secretary of the Two Huaiyan Departments, and the Shangshu of the Bingbu Department.

In the defense of Beijing after the "Civil Engineering Revolution", he led the troops well with civilian duties, fought desperately to attack and defend, and was also good at mobilizing the people to participate in the war. In the fierce battle under the command of Zhangyi Gate and Caishikou, Wang Hu led his army to fight bravely and fiercely, and stubbornly resisted with the residents, so that the enemy fell into the abdomen and back and retreated. In the enemy's escape, he was also good at seizing the opportunity to take advantage of the victory and pursuit, and defeated the enemy army in Qigou in Zhuozhou. When guarding Juyong Pass in the town, he streamlined the horses, dismissed redundant troops, repaired the passes, punished incompetent generals, formulated a strict patrol and defense strategy, and inspected various sentries day and night, so that the barriers were strictly renewed.

In the three provinces and two prefectures of Huaiyang, as soon as he arrived, he immediately checked the disaster situation and "patrolled without a time". In the inspection, the people's suffering is particularly serious, but see "Fang Chunzheng in February, long rain and bitter rain." Longmu is cold and heavy, and the sores and pains cannot help but be"; "water and barren agriculture", "poor and poor and sorry for the years". In the face of the serious disaster, he lamented: "Infinite sad things, I can't bear to eat when I cook"; "For the sake of pity and suffering, I can't sleep at night"; "I will add tears of sorrow to the country and tear up the hearts of all people." He immediately wrote to Emperor Jingtai: "Please rebuke all the ministers for self-cultivation, for saving the punishment book, for dismissing the work that is useless, for the reward of strict merit, for scattering wealth to reap the hearts and minds of the people, and for loving the people to plant the foundation of the state." Without waiting for the order of the imperial court, he opened warehouses in the area of Fengyang and Huai'an to release grain. After the inventory was quickly exhausted, he also impeached himself for the crime of opening a warehouse in Xuzhou Guangyun to relieve grain, and also "please order the death penalty below, and get the millet from the disaster to redeem themselves", and ordered all the merchant boats along the Huaihuai to donate grain to the disaster victims according to the amount of cargo loaded. The above measures are "more than 1.85 million people living". He also urged the rich households to donate more than 250,000 stones of rice and distribute them to 557,000 hungry families. The facility porridge shacks helped the hungry, with more than 97,700 men and women living. It provided food for the wandering hungry people, and more than 4,600 people lived. Medical treatment was given to the sick among the refugees, and local doctors were organized to set up sheds for treatment and patrols along the way, and medicines were distributed free of charge, saving more than 1,400 people in total. Those who could not bury the dead were buried in coffins purchased by the government, totaling more than 2,300 people. The families who were forced to sell their wives and children due to the disaster were redeemed by the government, totaling 1,240 people. While saving lives, it also actively resettled the victims and produced disaster relief, solving the problem of 74,000 households' cattle seeds, resettling 5,500 local hungry people to resume production; resettling 160,000 disaster victims who had migrated from other places, distributing travel expenses to the victims who voluntarily returned to their hometowns, and ordering the government officials along the way to take care of them. Detailed investigation of the disaster situation, opening warehouses for relief, donating grain for relief, setting up sheds to give porridge, providing food, curing the sick, burying the dead, redeeming wives and daughters, resettling the victims, distributing livestock breeds, and funding the return of the people, all kinds of measures have soaked Wang Hu's deep love for the people. Justice is in the hearts of the people, and word of mouth depends on deeds. The people's cries of "parents who give birth to me, and those who live me patrol", the reputation of "people forget their hunger, and praise loudly", and the gratitude of spontaneously establishing the ancestral temple that will never be forgotten, all reflect Wang Hu's sincere love for the people.

Third, the style of being honest and honest in performing official duties

In history, there have been many civilian and military generals who have made achievements, but there are fewer people who can be both competent and honest. For example, Zhang Juzheng, a great politician during the Wanli dynasty, had a strong ability to govern the country, but he was much defiled in terms of honesty and honesty. Regardless of his position or his retirement at home, Wang Hu always abided by the style of being honest and self-disciplined, and his character was consistent in words and deeds.

Wang Hun twice supervised Cao Yun and patrolled Huaiyang, handling money and grain taxes, which in the eyes of ordinary people are excellent fat shortages that easily amass wealth and fill their own pockets. If you are not careful, you will be able to intercept and intercept bribes and bribes, and if you are not strict in self-discipline, you will be more likely to be greedy and selfish. However, Wang Hun was able to always strictly discipline himself and be honest and honest, and he was even more able to carefully examine every link of the distribution of grain and relief, and strictly control corruption and corruption. In the Huaiyang disaster relief, he found that natural disasters were certainly a major cause of the suffering of the people, but the disasters such as the lack of government and government, the corruption of officials, the unclear reward and punishment, and the heavy burdens were the catalysts for aggravating the hunger and hunger of the people. He wrote to Emperor Jingtai on the "Ten Articles": "Abstain from pleasure, abstain from heresy, enter the zhongliang, far from evil, public reward and punishment, leniency in military service, saving money, abstaining from gathering, but contributing, and strike service." The integrity and righteousness contained in it are enough to shame all lazy and corrupt people.

The story of "Renyi Lane", which has been passed down from the mouths of the common people for a long time, can better reflect the high style and bright festival of a Beijing official who is in a high position and strictly disciplined himself to benefit the people. The story of "Renyi Lane" has a wide influence on posterity, and Zhang Ying, a scholar of Wenhuadian University during the Kangxi Dynasty, had a dispute with his neighbor Fang surnamed Fang due to unclear land boundaries, and both sides were high-ranking officials and noble families, and the county order did not dare to make a decision. After receiving the family letter, Zhang Ying spoke in a poem: "The book of a thousand miles is only for the wall, so why not let him be three feet?" The Great Wall is still there today, and I don't see Qin Shi Huang in those days." So there is also a "Renyi Lane" in Anhui. The difference is that the Zhang Ying family and the official eunuch family have a dispute and give in, while the Wang Family and the civilian neighbors have retreated due to expansion. It is worth emphasizing here that the Anhui "Renyi Lane" was the place where Wang Hu had patrolled Huaiyang at that time, and Zhang Ying of the Qing Dynasty must have been familiar with the story of Wang Hu of the Ming Dynasty and imitated it.

After returning home, Wang Zhuzhishi treated himself as a commoner, never used the old Shangshu as a self-proclaimed Yu Wei to interfere in local affairs or compete with the people for profits, let alone expand the land and cultivate the house, and still strictly disciplined. The Biography of Ming Shi Wang Hu records: "After returning, it was changed to 'Xiu'an'. Dumen Thank You, the Townspeople Xide see". Cultivate self-love, do not make a foreign song in the name of the former minister and still be radical, do not put away the industry (in fact, there is no money to buy the property), do not participate in local affairs, and read children and grandchildren and children of the villagers in the classroom after reading in chanting. Going to Beijing alone as a high-ranking official, returning to his hometown with a clean wind in both sleeves, Wang Hu's clean and honest demeanor is the most precious spiritual legacy.

Fourth, love the hometown of the naked feelings

Hezhou is not Wang's hometown, but he was born and raised in Sisi, and he developed a love for this land and its people. He praised the landscapes, plants and trees of his hometown with cleaned poems, and praised the clean officials who contributed to his hometown with a solemn style. He introduced advanced production technology from the eastern region to his hometown. The love of the child and the love of the countryside has always accompanied him throughout his life.

Wang Hun is full of affection and appreciation for the green mountains, green waters, flowers, flowers and historical sites in his hometown. In his poems, he recites the sights and monuments of Hezhou's Phoenix Mountain, Snow Mountain (Prince Mountain), Daxia River, Donggao (Dongdapo), Huogang (Nanlong Mountain), Temple of Heaven (Baojue Temple), Sanqingguan, and Daying Mountain. In the series of poems of "Xixi You sense", "Xixi Eight Songs", and "Xixi Miscellaneous Songs", ponds and springs, Xiaoqiao Flower Path, Maoting Duge, Liudi Water Mill, etc. are all fun in poetry, giving a flexible and beautiful appearance. Later generations extended it to "Dongfu Smoke and Rain" - Dongdapo because of his poem "Long Bridge Crosses the Long River one mile, like Changhong Drinking Blue Waves"; "Changhong Lying Wave" - Folding Bridge in the "Eight Views" of Hezhou; "In the height of Gangfu, thick clouds and dim rain are thick" and extended to "Dongfu Smoke and Rain" - DongDapo; "LinGong high leaning on the North Mountain Kuma, the sky and the silver toad are the same as the bright" and extended to "Temple of Heaven Night Moon" - North Temple. Li Bai's "Moon is the hometown of Ming", Li He's "there is wine only poured on the soil of Zhao Prefecture", and Wang Zhu's "Return to Xi Yu in Shan'a", all of which are the same nostalgic feelings.

Wang Hu wrote a memorial to the Qing officials who served in his hometown, with the intention of "passing on the deeds of the inscription to the descendants". Jiang Bin ( 蒋斌 ) , a native of Xuzhou , also spelled Wende , served as the commander of Hezhou Weidu during the Orthodox Period , and during his tenure he was honest and diligent and loyal and loyal, and was buried in the west of Hezhou City. Wang Hu gladly wrote an epitaph for his moral and political work in Hezhou, describing that during his tenure, he supervised agricultural affairs, Guangtun Tian, clothing and food, xing schools, and Shang Liyi's administrative measures to educate him, and in the past ten years, he presented a stable situation in which soldiers and the people had enough food, QiangRong Tiran, indoctrination and xingxing, pure customs, and tranquility. Commending the honest and diligent and future generations has enriched the humanistic and historical facts of the hometown. He also donated funds to the officials and people in his hometown to rebuild the Wanshouguan Jade Emperor Pavilion and wrote the "Record of Rebuilding the Tongming Pavilion", aiming at "the people of Yuxiang also ... The book is based on knowing the years and days, and exhorting with fellow villagers to be good."

Folklore has it that the flat wheel water mill, the wheat stacking method, and the double-eaves tile house were all introduced to Hezhou by Wang Hu. Although there is a lack of historical evidence, there are many chants of the Pinglun Water Mill in Wang's poems, such as "Grinding pillow Xixi Qiao sanction, two boulders rotating and pushing." Half by the qu art organ, mostly by the long river water force urging." Wang Jing, the eldest son of Wang Zhen, lamented in the "Water Mill Fu" that "the superiority of the production of the grandeur of its qi number is not too good for Hezhou". From the father and son's love for the Pinglun Water Mill, it can be seen that the widespread popularity of the Pinglun Water Mill in Hezhou may be related to the introduction of Wang Zhu.

Fifth, the inheritance of the family style of filial piety and thrifty reading

Wang Hu's family style inheritance is prominently manifested in filial piety to parents, thriftiness in running the family, treating friends and neighbors well, neglecting names and re-reading, and not staining the atmosphere of officials and eunuchs. The growth of talents depends on three aspects: social environment, family education and personal efforts. Family style inheritance and family education have their own characteristics according to the differences of each family. Wang Hu's ancestors, from his great-grandfather Wang Jing and grandfather Wang Gui to his father Wang Zuo, were all virtuous people who were both literate and martial, erudite and able to write poetry, and words such as generosity and benevolence, compassion for the people, incorruptibility in the world, and Yishi Yeru were the comments of literature on their generations. It was in this kind of family origin that Wang Hu was cultivated into a talent. By the time Wang Zhu became a parent, this fine family style was naturally carried forward.

Wang Hu was very filial to his parents, but his filial piety was not the official eunuch atmosphere of his son's noble father Rong Jinyi, but respect for the newspaper, observance of court discipline, and cautious pursuit of the distance. Wang Zhu went to Beijing to observe the government in Hubu for just two years, his father Wang Zuo died of illness, that is, he returned to Hezhou to guard filial piety, ding you did not reach three years before his mother fell ill and died, he stayed at home for six consecutive years. After serving for more than eight years, he took a leave of absence to return to Hezhou once, mainly to pay tribute to his parents and erect monuments. In a letter to the emperor, he earnestly wrote: "Since the death of The Emperor, it has been more than fourteen years since the death of the Emperor ... Subjects repeatedly obeyed the orders of the emperor, traveled back and forth between the north and the south, raised troops and defended the border, passed through jianghuai, and patrolled the general cao. The first is far away, and the sacrifice sweeps away the long famine. Although the thought of remembrance is constantly in the middle, and the weight of the king's affairs is reckless or sluggish." Fist and filial piety are touching.

Wang Hu was a father of many sons, with nine sons, all of whom grew up in small schools, four of whom were admitted to Taixue. In order to cultivate his children to become talented in reading, Wang Hu did his best to extend the teaching of well-educated people. Wang Jing, the eldest son of Wang Zhu, once worshiped Qiu Mao as a teacher. Qiu Mao was a famous master of science in the Ming Dynasty, and Emperor Xiaozong was a scholar of Wenyuange University at that time. Wang Jing was recruited by the Jingtai Bingzi Examination, and served as a tongzhi in Guangping Province and an envoy to Shandong. After the Zhishi, Wang Hu concentrated on reading his children and grandchildren in home classes, and although there were no senior officials among the descendants, the family style of re-reading with light names and not staining the atmosphere of officials and eunuchs was inherited. The father's words and deeds and the edification and inheritance of family style have made the children also become filial piety and frugality. Wang Chun, the second son of Wang Chun, was a famous filial piety in the history of Hezhou, and the Hezhou Zhi Xiaoyi said that Wang Chun was "studious and good at yin, Chenghua Jiawu, begging for grace to be imprisoned, and thinking of his relatives to return." Conferred the post of County Clerk. The father has a disease, pure night does not uncloth, soup medicine personally tasted. and the pawn, the mourning bones stand tall, and the hair must be white. The same is true of maternal mourning."

From Wang's great-grandfather to his children, the fine family style cultivated by five generations is an invisible binding force, and it will play a role for a long time. In history, celebrity families have also flourished and declined, and family style is one of the important factors.

Sixth, solemn and beautiful poetry masterpieces

Wang Hu was also an outstanding poet. Wang Zhuping composed more than a thousand poems in his lifetime, and he had the sentence "a thousand poems of half-life fall" in the second part of "Xixi You Feel", which is not an exaggeration. According to the literature, Wang Hu had two collections of poems, the "Collection of Shu'an" and "The Collection of Xiu'an", but only fifty-nine poems collected in the "Xiangxian Yi Poems" can be seen so far. These fifty-nine poems can be divided into three aspects: First, the sighs and wounded works in huaiyang disaster relief, such as "Chinese New Year's Eve to Huai'an", "Xuzhou Mengchun Long Rain Has Feeling", and "Passing through Han Huaiyin Temple". These poems express deep sympathy and compassion for the affected people. Verses such as "For the sake of pity and suffering, sleep at night" and "Add to the tears of sorrow for the country, drop and break into the hearts of the people" and other poems have become the hallmarks of Wang Zhu's thought of loving the people. The second is the works of chanting the landscape scenery and the retreat life of the hometown, and the words are soaked with love for the landscapes and trees of the hometown, such as "Xixi Has a Feeling", "Twelve Views of Xixi", "Xixi Manxing", "Xixi Miscellaneous Songs", "Phoenix Mountain" and so on. This part of the poem is the key work and fine work in Wang Hu's poetry, the poetry is rich and pure, the style is elegant, the discipline is solemn, the artistic conception is broad, full of the feelings of being idyllic, embracing nature, and being comfortable, and there is not a single word of gloom and indignation. The third is the works of giving away rewards and sending off friends and friends, such as "Lyrical Rhymes with Qidong", "Sending Hezhou Lü Er Shou Rong to Return to His Hometown", "Sub-Jiang Dusi Yong Xue Rhyme", "Sending Inspector Jia Duxian" and so on. This part of the poem expresses the poet's sincere friendship, ardent hope and difficulty in giving up his friends, and almost every poem reveals his concern for the affairs of the state and the people. For example, "From now on, the dynasty should not be far away, and I am willing to put the people into hiding"; "The poor scriptures are used to use Zhi Kuangji, Binxing offers advice to the Ming Hall"; "Beacon breath, look at the clouds under the praise" and other verses.

In addition to poetry, Wang Hu also left many notes on the principles of the Weekly Dictionary, Yan Zhenyihong's recitals, and the inscriptions of Sheng De and Jun Wei Qingfeng, such as "Jiang Bin's Epitaph", "Re-repair of the Tongming Pavilion", "On the Neglect of Border Affairs", etc., which are rare and good articles.

Wang's poems were highly praised by the literati in the Ming Dynasty. The literary scholar Yang Shen (Zi Sheng'an) included eight poems by Wang Zhen in his "Poetry", marveling that Wang Zhen did not have the right name, and the wenzao was also outstanding. During the Kangxi Dynasty, the poet Wang Yuchen read Wang Hu's poems and sighed: "Zhi Zai Psalm Yu Ji Sheng, so the song is ashamed of the ancients." The Daoguang poet Zhang He praised when editing the "Xiangxian Yi Poems" that "the famous courtiers of the Public Generation, Guan Longhaojie." Reading his poems today, I still want to see the weather of Taishan Rock."

The poems that remain in the Hezhou Chronicle are chronological and weighty, with Xie Jin as the first person and Wang Zhen as the second person. Wang's poems have been passed down for more than 500 years and are still a masterpiece in the treasure house of Hezhou and Chinese culture.

Today, when we commemorate Wang Zhu, the most important thing should be to carry forward these spiritual legacies he left us, and ask ourselves when doing things for people: Are you ashamed of the backbone of the nation and the ancestors of your hometown?