During the years of the revolutionary war, countless enthusiastic young people came and went, and exchanged the price of their lives for a brand-new era, so that the Chinese nation, which had suffered so much, once again stood at the top of the world's nations.
There was such a young man, who was once called "Shuangxiong" with Chairman Mao, but was later arrested by the Kuomintang reactionaries for betrayal by traitors.
In prison, he was unyielding, and he regarded death as a homecoming, even if his limbs were nailed to the wall, he did not betray any secrets of the party, and he did not say a word from beginning to end.
After his sacrifice, his sister took over his mantle and continued to participate in the revolution, and after the founding of the country, his sister was promoted to the rank of deputy state.
He is Cai Hesen, his sister is called Cai Chang, both brothers and sisters have made great contributions to the victory of the Chinese revolution, is a figure that should be remembered in the historical monument.
A hot-blooded teenager born into a working-class family
Cai Hesen was born on March 30, 1895 in a small family of clerks at the Jiangnan Machinery Manufacturing Bureau in Shanghai, relying on his father's part-time job at the Jiangnan Machinery Manufacturing Bureau to support the family.
When he was four years old, Cai and Sen followed his mother Ge Jianhao back to Yongfeng Township, Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province, and soon after, his father resigned from Shanghai and returned home, buying a house in the town and settling down.
Cai and Sen's childhood was spent in constant migration, which gave him no chance to go to school and study, but instead went to apprenticeship at the age of thirteen.
Between apprenticeships, Cai and Sen deeply felt the importance of knowledge, and after the completion of the three-year apprenticeship, they consulted with their families and entered the third grade of Yongfeng National Primary School.
Perhaps his thirst for knowledge was too strong, although the foundation was poor and the foundation was thin, he still caught up with the classmates in a very short period of time, and soon took the cross-level examination, thus entering the higher primary school.
After several years of hard study, Cai hesen was admitted to the Hunan Provincial First Normal School in 1913, when the Manchu Qing Dynasty had collapsed and was in a period of alternation between the old and new societies.
At the Hunan Provincial First Normal School, 18-year-old Cai Hesen met Mao Zedong and others and became close friends with them.
Because Cai and Sen were particularly interested in literature and history, after entering the Hunan Provincial First Normal School for two years, they jumped to the Hunan Higher Normal School and entered the Literature and History Specialty of Hunan Higher Normal School.
Because the Beiyang warlord government headed by Yuan Shikai only wanted to consolidate its own rule, completely disregarded the people's lives and deaths, and even wanted to turn back the wheel of history and return to the era of absolute monarchy.
So most of the Chinese at this time were in extreme confusion, and some became loyal followers of Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
During this period, Cai and Sen completely transformed from a child of a worker into an active revolutionary, running everywhere for the Chinese revolution.
To this end, together with Mao Zedong, he organized the Xinmin Society and founded progressive publications such as the Xiangjiang Review in an attempt to awaken the revolutionary consciousness of the Chinese people.
Through the relationship of his sister Cai Chang, Cai and Sen met Xiang Jingyu, and in more and more contacts, established a relationship between men and women, two young people from different classes came together because of common ideals in life, perhaps this is the true appearance of love.
He went to France with his mother, girlfriend and sister to work and study
In 1917, after graduating from the Hunan Higher Normal School, Cai Hesen lived in the apartment of Mr. Yang Huaizhong, a half-study, and often talked about life ideals with Mao Zedong, Luo Xuezhan, Zhang Kundi and other enthusiastic young people, and sometimes Cai Chang and Xiang Jianyu also participated.
Beginning in 1918, Cai Hesen received the entrustment of the Xinmin Society and began to prepare for work-study and other related matters in France, and with the help of Mr. Yang Huaizhong, he came to Beijing, met Cai Yuanpei, president of Peking University, Li Dazhao, the leader of the New Culture Movement, and began to accept the October Revolution, becoming the first young man in the Xinmin Society to publicize the October Revolution and the Bolsheviks.
In the Xinmin Society, the status of Cai Hesen and Mao Zedong is very important, regardless of the Bo zhong, which can be called the "double male" of the Xinmin Society.
In a letter to Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen wrote: "Considering only the general utilitarian interests and not the small interests, Mo Zhai advocated it, and Lenin of Russia recently was quite capable of doing it, and the brother wished to follow it." ”
In addition to propagating the October Revolution and the Bolsheviks, Cai and Sen's main energy was to prepare for the work-study in France.
In more than a year of preparation time, he traveled everywhere, contacting aspiring young people, and soon gathered a large number of hot-blooded men and women, and persuaded his mother Ge Jianhao to accompany him.
In this way, Cai and Sen made all the preparations for going to France for work-study, and in addition to like-minded young people, there were also his mother Ge Jianhao, his girlfriend Xiang Jingyu, and his sister Cai Chang, and the lineup could not be described as strong.
Just as everyone was preparing to leave, the news of the Paris Peace Conference reached China, and soon the huge "May Fourth Movement" broke out, and all those who were preparing to go to France paused and joined in this vigorous patriotic salvation movement.
In the winter of the same year, the French work-study program seeking the road to national salvation officially set off, and after 35 days of turbulence at sea, everyone finally arrived in Paris, France, and came to Montagne two days later.
After coming to France, Cai Hesen entered the local boys' middle school, and his mother Ge Jianhao, his girlfriend Xiang Jingyu, and his sister Cai Chang entered the local girls' middle school.
Joined the Communist Party of China and immersed himself in revolutionary theoretical research
In the second year in France, Cai and Sen held a wedding with Xiang Jingyu, officially married, and became a revolutionary couple.
As more and more members of the Xinmin Society came to France, Cai hesen organized a meeting for five consecutive days and put forward the society's policy of "transforming China and the world", which was agreed by everyone present.
In July 1921, Cai Hesen discussed the establishment of the Communist Party of China with comrades in Europe and organized the European branch of the Chinese Communist Youth League.
In October of the same year, Cai hesen was forcibly repatriated by the French government for leading the struggle of work-study students in France, and his wife Xiang Jingyu subsequently returned to China, while his mother and sister continued to stay in France.
After returning to China, Cai Hesen joined the Communist Party of China under the introduction of Chen Duxiu, engaged in the party's theoretical propaganda work in the CPC Central Committee, and became important theoreticians and propagandists in the early days of the party.
After his wife returned to China to the police, under his introduction, she also joined the Communist Party of China and became a rare husband and wife party member at that time.
As an expert in literature and history, Cai Hesen's research on revolutionary theory is far beyond ordinary people, and his "History of Social Evolution" is the first history of social development written by Chinese with the Marxist materialist view of history, and is the foundation of such works.
In addition, Cai Hesen also actively participated in the activities of running newspapers and periodicals, successively serving as editor-in-chief in magazines such as Herald and Guide, and wrote a large number of articles to promote Marxism-Leninism, communism and the October Revolution.
After the defeat of the First Great Revolution, cai and sen, in addition to continuing to adhere to the propaganda of revolutionary theory, actively supported the armed struggle proposed by Mao Zedong and participated in the famous "Eighty-Seven Conference".
After that, Cai and Sen went north and south, running back and forth to publicize the Chinese Communist Party and communism, and made great contributions.
Betrayed by traitors and heroically sacrificed
In 1931, Cai and Sen came to Hong Kong, arrested by the British government of Hong Kong for betrayal by traitors, and then extradited back to Guangzhou and handed over to the Kuomintang reactionaries.
Inside the Kuomintang prison, Cai and Sen were brutally beaten.
In order to make him submit, the Kuomintang agents carried out various tortures, such as nailing his limbs to the wall with large iron nails, and Cai and Sen immediately passed out in pain, and even so, he did not say a word.
In desperation, the enemy cut off his flesh bit by bit with a bayonet in an attempt to make him surrender in this way, and Cai and Sen clenched their teeth and did not say half a secret of the party until their deaths.
Seeing that they had received some useful information from Cai and Sen, the Kuomintang authorities killed them shortly after.
Cai Hesen was only 36 years old at the time of his death, leaving behind two sons and two daughters, because his wife Xiang Jingyu was sacrificed to the kuomintang's butcher's knife as early as 1928, his children were led by their parents, hiding from the kuomintang arrest, and finally under the arrangement of the party organization, most of them went to Moscow.
Cai Hesen and Xiang Jingyu's four children have grown up successively, are the builders of the republic, and have made their own contributions to the construction of new China.
Cai Hesen's sister Cai Chang married Comrade Li Fuchun, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, she once reached the rank of vice-state.
brief summary
As the main leaders of our party in the early days, Cai he and Sen made many contributions, worked hard for the party's theoretical work and revolutionary propaganda, and together with his wife paid the price of their lives for the revolution.
Not only that, under the influence of Cai hesen, his mother and sister both threw themselves into the torrent of revolution, leaving a wonderful mark in the tide of the times.
References: Biography of Cai Hesen, etc
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