Can you imagine that more than 2,000 years ago, our ancestors constructed a complete set of "three-dimensional space" cosmology; Xuan You may be the son of the Yellow Emperor... On December 16, more than 2,500 bamboo jian "Tsinghua Jian" collected by Tsinghua University re-issued the latest research results: a long Warring States bamboo book called "Five Ages", revealing the above content.
Bamboo sketch plate of the Five Ages
Huang Dekuan, director of the Research and Protection Center for Excavated Documents of Tsinghua University, introduced that the article has a total of 130 briefs, the whole content is basically complete, and the total word count is nearly 4500 words, which is the largest unearthed Warring States bamboo book seen so far. "The whole article constructs a grand and complex system of heaven and man, which can be said to be a synthesis and summary of the understanding of the relationship between heaven and man in the pre-Qin period. It is of great significance for the study of ancient astronomical calendars and national governance. ”
More than 2,000 years ago, the ancients had a complete concept of cosmic space
He further introduced that the "Five Classics" takes the flooding of the world and social disorder as the background, borrows the "Later Emperor" and "Five Ages of The Revision Calendar" (day, moon, star, chen, and year), and establishes a set of logical and rigorous theoretical systems from the aspects of astronomical calculations, human morality, mountain and river properties, human body structure, and gods. ＂
Tsinghua Jane after preliminary cleanup (provided by Tsinghua University Excavation Literature Research and Conservation Center)
It is worth noting that this brief article reveals that more than 2,000 years ago, the ancients had a complete concept of cosmic space.
"This set of concepts are 'heaven', 'earth', 'four wildernesses', 'four clouds', 'four trees', 'four dimensions', and they all have the attribute of gods at the same time. Among them, the heavens, the earth, and the four wildernesses are also known as 'liuhe', which can be understood as a hexahedron, representing the overall space of the universe; 'four clouds' refers to the four positive directions of the heavens; 'four pillars' are the pillars that play the role of inheriting the heavens, and should be located in the four corners of the universe; 'four dimensions' in the pre-Qin period should be the exclusive term of the sky orientation, used to represent the celestial sphere. Jia Lianxiang, associate professor of the Center for Unearthed Literature Research and Conservation at Tsinghua University, introduced that through the analysis of these spatial concepts, many directions in ancient books can be clarified and the overall understanding of the universe by ancient people can be deeply understood.
The ancestors' accurate understanding of the structure of the human body is amazing
Jian Wen further revealed that the purpose of the Later Emperor in establishing the cosmic system was actually to regulate and guide the use of personnel on the ground. The Five Chronicles summarizes it into five aspects: time, degree, positive, chapter, and numerical calculation.
To the amazement of researchers, the Five Ages also combine this system with the human body, showing the ancestors' accurate understanding of the structure of the human body.
"Five Ages" Shinji Human Body PushIng Diagram (Jia Lianxiang Pushing Drawing)
"The Five Ages have selected six gods from each of the above five aspects to take charge, and these thirty gods can also be jointly controlled by the great gods who represent the universe, such as the 'four gods,' 'four branches,' and 'four dimensions,' and they can even control all parts of the human body and control human diseases." Jia Lianxiang introduced that he had deduced the "Celestial Chronicle Map" and "Human Body Diagram" based on some of the contents of the brief text, and the "Human Body Diagram" was similar to Da Vinci's famous work "Vitruvius Man".
Researchers are "unexpected": Xuan You may be the son of the Yellow Emperor
In addition to the above, Jianwen also hides discoveries that researchers feel are "unexpected".
Cheng Hao, associate professor of the Center for The Research and Protection of Excavated Documents of Tsinghua University, introduced that in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the "Five Ages" system established by the Later Emperor, the jianwen described his specific practice of this theoretical system in the last quarter of the article, taking the original "human king" Huangdi as an example. It involves a large number of historical legends of the Yellow Emperor period, such as the familiar story of "Yellow Emperor Zhan Xuan You".
"The record of the identity of 'Xuan You' completely updates our cognition, and its text reads: 'The Yellow Emperor has a son, Xuan You, who has grown into an adult, but is a five soldier.'" Cheng Hao said that although he "did not expect it", some clues to this statement can still be found in the detailed historical data: "The Chronology of the Princes Since the Jianyuan Dynasty contains Tian Qianqiu's letter to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: 'Sons make fathers and soldiers, and sin is flogged.'" The wrath of father and son has existed since ancient times. Father of Xuan Youpan, the Yellow Emperor waded into the river. The so-called 'Father Of Youpan, the Yellow Emperor wading through the river' could not be conclusively understood before. Mr. Wang Zijin once judged: "Perhaps it shows that there were other plots in the legend of Xuanyu at that time that can no longer be known to the present people", which is a very insight. From the "Five Ages", it seems that the legend of the son of the Yellow Emperor and the rebellion of the soldier after becoming an adult was still circulated in the Han Dynasty. ”
Tsinghua Jian Appraisal (Provided by Tsinghua University Excavated Literature Research and Conservation Center)
In addition, the story of the Yellow Emperor in QinghuaJian's "Five Chronicles" also appears a lot of content related to weapons, military systems, formations, military training, and military etiquette. In the process of recording the battles of the Yellow Emperor and Xuan You, there are even three battle songs with pipe music, "Wu Zhuang", "Zheng Kuang" and "Xi Shang", which researchers believe are of great significance to the study of pre-Qin military history.
"In addition to having an early and clear value, the richness and systematicness of the content are far better than the relevant documents we have seen before, which is conducive to promoting the study of the image of the Yellow Emperor and ancient history and legends." Cheng Hao also pointed out: "The story of the Yellow Emperor in the Five Ages should have been cut by thinkers during the Warring States period in order to discuss their 'Five Ages' theory and collect materials about the Yellow Emperor at that time. And which of them are myths and legends, and which are historical and historical, need to be carefully discerned. ”
(Guangming Daily all-media reporter Deng Hui)
Source: Guangming Daily all-media reporter Deng Hui
Editor-in-charge: Wang Zimo
Editor: Zhang Yongqun Xing Yanyan