After pregnancy, pregnant mothers have to undergo an obstetric examination almost every month. The following eight indicators are recorded on the maternity examination list for each obstetric examination, and it is necessary to understand the correct values of each individual indicator.
The first indicator: fetal head development
From the perspective of B ultrasound, the contour of the fetal head of the fetus that is about to give birth should be complete, and if there is a defect or deformation, it is abnormal. In addition, it is normal for the midline to be displaced and not to have hydrocephalus.
BPD means double top diameter of the fetal head, which should reach 9.3 cm or more by the time of pregnancy to term.
In general, the double top diameter of the fetus is basically the same as that of the pregnant month after 5 months of pregnancy.
For example, at 28 weeks of gestation, that is, at 7 months, the double top diameter is about 7.0 cm, at 32 weeks of pregnancy, that is, at 8 months, it is about 8.0 cm, and so on.
The second indicator: fetal heart rate
On the B ultrasound, it is normal for the fetal heart of the fetus to exist and be strong. No, weak is not abnormal. The fetal heart rate is normal between about 120-160 beats per minute.
The third indicator: fetal movement
B ultrasound, fetal movement is normal, strong, no, weak, may be the fetus in sleep, there may be abnormal conditions, to combine with other items of comprehensive analysis and judgment.
After 4 months of pregnancy, that is, from the 5th month onwards, the mother can clearly feel the activity of the fetus, and the fetus reaches out, kicks, and impacts the uterine wall in the womb, which is fetal movement. The number of fetal movements, fast and slow strength and weakness indicates the safety of the fetus, normal and obvious fetal movement is not less than 3 to 5 times for 1 hour, and the number of obvious fetal movements in 12 hours is more than 30 to 40 times. However, due to the large individual differences in the fetus, some fetuses can move about 100 times in 12 hours, as long as the fetal movement is regular, rhythmic, and the change is not large, that is, it proves that the fetal development is normal.
Fourth indicator: placental condition
Normal placenta thickness should be between 2.5-5 cm. Placental maturity is divided into iii. grade, which is the early stage of placental maturation, with uniform echo, and this change can be seen at 30-32 weeks of pregnancy. Grade II indicates that the placenta is nearing maturity; grade III indicates that the placenta is mature. The closer to term, the more mature the placenta and the uneven echo.
Fifth indicator: femur length
Femoral length refers to the length of the fetal thigh bone, and its normal value is about 2-3 cm away from the double top diameter value of the corresponding pregnancy month, for example, the double top diameter is 9.3 cm, and the femur length should be 7.3 cm. The BPD should be 8.9 cm, the femur length should be 6.9 cm, etc.
Sixth indicator: amniotic fluid situation
The depth of amniotic fluid is normal between 3-7 cm, more than 7 cm is increased amniotic fluid, and less than 3 cm is reduced amniotic fluid. All need to be corrected.
In addition, the cleanliness of amniotic fluid is also very important, if the birth examination can be seen under the ultrasound of the amniotic fluid, there are a large number of dense bright spots, indicating that there is turbidity in the amniotic fluid, but a small number of light points is no problem, if there is a large number of dense strong light points, indicating that the fetus is in a hypoxic environment in the womb.
According to the degree of amniotic fluid turbidity can be divided into I, II, III degrees, I degree turbidity of amniotic fluid is yellow-green, thin, indicating that the fetus may have chronic hypoxia. When the amniotic fluid is thick and fecal mass is formed, it indicates that the fetus has acute hypoxia, and the third degree of amniotic fluid indicates that it is particularly turbid and thick, and the color has become black and brown, indicating that the fetus has been hypoxic in the womb for at least 6 hours or more, and the doctor will correct it in time to avoid long-term hypoxia leading to abnormal fetal development.
Seventh indicator: vertebral condition
The fetal spine is continuous, the defect is abnormal, and there may be spinal deformities.
Eighth indicator: umbilical cord condition
Normally, the umbilical cord should float in the amniotic fluid, and if the image of the umbilical cord is seen in the neck of the fetus, it may be that the umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck and requires the pregnant mother to be highly vigilant.