The establishment of Uzbekistan dates back to the fourteenth century, when the Mongol Empire was arguably the most powerful empire in the world, with a very large territory spanning the Eurasian continent.
In addition to the Yuan, the Mongol Empire also included four major khanates, one of which was called the Golden Horde, and their great khan was called the "Uzbek Khan", and because of this, the Golden Horde was also called the "Uzbek Khanate", which was the predecessor of Uzbekistan. Unlike the Mongols, the people of this khanate generally embraced Islam and had a fairly high international status at that time.
From the perspective of ethnic composition, Uzbekistan has a very large number of ethnic groups, a total of 129, more than twice as many as our country, of which the Uzbeks account for more than 80%, the Russians, Tariqs, Kazakhs, Karakalpaks, Tatars, and Koreans are all relatively large ethnic groups, and the number of other ethnic groups is very small.
So why did Uzbekistan become a colony of so many ethnic groups?
As early as the beginning of the eighth century, there was a dynasty called Samanid in this place, which was established by the Persians before, and at the beginning of its establishment, it was also strong, through war, forcibly captured the common people of the surrounding ethnic groups into their country, a large part of which were Turkic herders, and many Gelug, Karagi, Arkhon, Oghuz and so on.
With the passage of time, they also became the common people of the Samanid Dynasty, and began to intermarry with the original Persians here, not only that, there were already many Tajiks here, and the common people of multiple nationalities integrated with each other, so that the Samanid Dynasty formed a new nation - the Salta.
Although their language was influenced by the Turks, which led to the later Samanid dynasty speaking Turkic, they inherited the Persian tradition of religious belief and embraced Islam, and this Salta was the predecessor of the Uzbek people.
After centuries of development, the Samanid dynasty did not idle, continuous conquest, resulting in more and more complex ethnic groups in the country, is no longer as simple as the Salta people before.
By the 14th century, the Mongol Empire had risen and stood on top of the world, and the Samanid Dynasty was naturally doomed to extinction, and the whole of Central Asia was ruled by the Mongols, becoming one of the four major Khanates of Mongolia, and the "Uzbek Khan" began to have full jurisdiction here. At that time, these Salta people also began to be called "Uzbeks" by their enemies, and slowly became Uzbeks.
Through Mongol rule, many Mongols were also added here, and after these Mongols came here, they were quickly assimilated due to their relatively small numbers.
Many people may wonder why there are Koreans in Uzbekistan.
This is the modern history, in the nineteenth century, Koreans began to import into Tsarist Russia, after Korea was occupied by Japan, there were a large number of Koreans to hide in Tsarist territory.
After the outbreak of World War II, in order to prevent the presence of Japanese spies among these Koreans, the Soviet government moved these Koreans to Central Asia as a whole, and almost 200,000 Koreans were forcibly sent to what is now Uzbekistan, which also made the Koreans a large ethnic group in Uzbekistan.