Zhu Ling of the Three Kingdoms Liangjian Series (Part 1)
Cooking wine on heroes, but also about the characters of the Three Kingdoms.
Zhu Ling (born and died unknown), ziwenbo, a native of Qinghe County, Jizhou. Friends who have only read "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" should not be familiar with him, because the interpretation treats him as a passerby, after all, the novel is not history, it needs to be created and processed, attracting readers, so the character image is quite different from history. For example, Zhuge Liang in the rendition basically superimposed the military talents of Pang Tong, Fazheng, and even Liu Bei himself on Kong Ming; for example, Xiahou Huan, although the plucking of the arrow is wonderful, but it is a fictional plot, although the historical Xiahou Huan is one-eyed, he pays attention to appearance and likes to read, which is closer to the image of a civilian official. There are still many important figures in the history of the Three Kingdoms who are treated coldly in the interpretation, after all, there are too many characters, the novel cannot be comprehensive, it must be divided into priorities and priorities, and Zhu Ling belongs to the unfortunate famous general who is not widely known because of the small number of acting roles.
The great name of the Five Sons of Liangjun can be said to have resounded through the clouds and has been passed down through the ages, and it was also a leader in the Three Kingdoms era when talents were full of talents and fierce generals. If they represented the top generals of Cao Wei, who was slightly inferior, or second only to them? Just as the basketball game will select the best sixth person, Cao Wei does have a sixth person second only to the fifth son. Many people guess that it is Li Dian, and they also regret his untimely death. However, in the series of articles Li Dian, the author has discussed in detail the reasons why Li Dian was not selected as the five sons of liangjun. There is another person, who is ranked higher than Li Dian (if he has to rank), and is more qualified to be called the sixth person after the five sons of liangjun, this is Zhu Ling.
Zhu Ling's biography is attached to the biography of the Fifth Son Liang, and the full text is more than 100 words, which is extremely brief. However, Chen Shou attached it here, and finally gave his answer to Zhu Ling's ability and status, such as "Linghou Sui is a good general, Ming Ya Huang, etc.".
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms was written in the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, and there is a misunderstanding here: that is, the closer people are to a certain era, the more detailed things they write, and the more information they can grasp. Is this really the case? To know the history of this thing, in fact, it takes time to precipitate, it takes time to make the material take shape. The so-called big waves and sands, we contemporary people look at the history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the data is rich and handy, and various historical events have been settled and established, but what do we want us to look at the history of thirty or twenty years ago? Is it not as clear as the history of one or two hundred years ago, and the data is so authoritative? After ten or even a hundred years of news events, will people's views be different from those of the time, or more profound? This is history.
This is also the reason why Fan Ye, the author of the Book of later Han, and Pei Songzhi, who annotated the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, had more historical materials than Chen Shou. Moreover, the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" was written by Chen Shou personally, and the richness of the historical materials that can be mastered by the mobilization of state forces in later generations is not at the same level, so it is not surprising that the information of famous generals such as Lejin, Chen Zhi, Zhu Ling and others is missing and has not been recorded in detail, which is a regret left by history.
Let's get back to the subject and say Juling. Originally, he would appear as Yuan Shaobu, but it is impossible to verify whether he was an older han fu like Zhang Gao.
One of Zhu Ling's major events was to support Cao Cao and break away from Yuan Shao
In the winter of the second year of Chuping (191), Yuan Shao and Gongsun Zhan broke out in the Battle of Jieqiao. Gongsun Zhan initially had the upper hand, and according to Pei Songzhi's note in the Spring and Autumn of Kyushu, Yuan Shao's Qinghe state defender Ji Yong defected to Gongsun Yong at Juancheng, and Gongsun Zhan sent troops to Ji Yong to guard the city. Yuan Shao sent Zhu Ling to attack the city. Zhu Ling is a native of JuanXian County, and because of Ji Yong's rebellion, the whole family has become a meat ticket. Seeing that it was Zhu Ling, Ji Yong pulled Zhu Ling's mother and brother to the head of the city and loudly advised Zhu Ling to surrender.
Zhu Ling looked at his relatives at the head of the city and cried unceasingly. However, he gritted his teeth and shouted, "Once the husband is born and is a man, will he take care of the family again!" Tearfully commanding the soldiers to attack the city, he soon attacked the city and captured Ji Yong. However, the entire family, including Zhu Ling's mother and brother, has been killed.
The behavior of a good "born and a man, and taking care of the family" is very controversial today, but in feudal society this represents unlimited loyalty to the monarch and is the most praised spirit by the ruling class. It can be seen that Zhu Ling has long shown his image of cold and iron-blooded, bold and loyal.
It is reasonable to say that such a general has no reason not to be trusted and valued by Yuan Shao. But later he threw himself into Cao Cao's command, what was going on?
In the spring of the fourth year of Chuping (193), Yuan Shu gathered the Black Mountain Army, the Southern Xiongnu, and Tao Qian, and launched an attack on Cao Cao's Yanzhou from the southeast, northwest, and at the same time. As a result, Cao Cao first defeated Yuan Shu, the Black Mountain Army, and the Southern Xiongnu, leaving only Xuzhou Mutaoqian to invade the southern region of Yanzhou. In the end, Tao Qian was also defeated by Cao Cao, who also counterattacked into Xuzhou and captured more than a dozen cities.
When Cao Cao was besieged on all sides, Yuan Shao sent three battalions of forces from Viceroy Zhu Ling to support Cao Cao. Zhu Ling, the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, said that after the war, the other generals were preparing to withdraw to Hebei, and Zhu Ling said to them: "There are many people in the Spirit View, and there is no one like Cao Gong, this is the True Ming Lord." Now that it has been encountered, what is the return? So he stayed with Cao Cao. The soldiers led by Zhu Ling admired him very much and stayed with Zhu Ling.
Zhu Ling is not a small role, and Yuan Shao asked him to suppress it when Ji Yong rebelled, indicating that Zhu Ling was also an important general in Yuan Shao's camp. Although Yuan Shao and Cao Cao were in the honeymoon period at this time, Cao Cao was a vassal force of Yuan Shao, but it did not mean that the generals could jump ship at will. Some people take Xun Yu and Guo Jia as examples, they all threw themselves from Yuan Shao to Cao Cao, why can't Zhu Ling? Because, Xun Yu and Guo Jia only went to Yuan Shao to observe first, and found that Yuan Shao could not do it, and left, and never became a monarch with Yuan Shao.
Moreover, Zhu Ling was a military general, his identity was more sensitive, he was a fierce character that even his family was willing to abandon for Yuan Shao's cause, and more importantly, he was not alone, but his soldiers also voted for Cao Cao. The "Governor's Three Battalions" indicates that he was the commander-in-chief of this support for Cao Cao, and although not all of them were his soldiers, at least one of the three battalions was his. According to the military system of the Han Dynasty, the battalion actually refers to a unit that can fight independently, that is, one, usually two thousand people (the Gao Shun camp deliberately recorded seven hundred people in the history books because it is not typical, if the camp is ordinary, there is no need to mention the number. Then about two thousand people from Zhu Ling's direct subordinate battalion were thrown into Cao Cao's account.
Zhu Ling paid so much for Yuan Shao, even if he could see that Cao Cao was talented and stronger than Yuan Shao, then he had given up after paying so much for Yuan Shao before? Just throw away your loyalty? This is too illogical.
The author's answer is that the record of Zhu Lingchuan is a superficial phenomenon, and the deep-seated reason Chen Shou did not explicitly say.
You must know that Zhu Ling is an important general, two thousand people are not many, how can this property be given away for free, Zhu Ling has no relatives, but those two thousand people have small families, so they collectively jumped ship, Yuan Shao did not pursue, how can other teams bring? I am afraid that Yuan Shao placed Zhu Ling's troops at Cao Cao's place in order to monitor the movements. But this matter is not easy to say clearly, so it is not recorded in Yuan Shao Cao Cao's biography.
With such a unit, taking the initiative to turn from the strongest prince Yuan Shao, you said that the still weak Cao Cao could not be muttered in his heart, and could he fully trust Zhu Ling?
The second major event of Zhu Ling is the seizure of military power
In the forbidden biography, Chen Shou recorded an incident in which Cao Cao "often hated Zhu Ling and wanted to take his camp". The incident has been described in the series of articles in the forbidden article, to the effect that Cao Cao "often hated" Zhu Ling and planned to cut off Zhu Ling's military power and take away the troops. Therefore, Cao Cao sent Yu Ban, who was extremely majestic in the army, to go out on horseback, and with his own orders and dozens of personal soldiers, Yu Ban entered Zhu Ling's Chinese army tent, read the order to Zhu Ling, took over the troops, and announced that he had become Zhu Ling's superior. Zhu Ling and his men did not dare to come out of the atmosphere, and they were completely shocked by Yu Ban's powerful aura, so the incident ended peacefully, and Yu Ban completed the task beautifully.
This is a glorious deed of Yu Ban, but it is Zhu Ling's black history, what time did it happen, and what was the reason?
We know that Zhu Ling was later a great warrior, an official to a general, and one of the twenty-six founding heroes worthy of Cao Cao's temple court, and the seizure of military power did not affect Zhu Ling's later status. Moreover, Zhu Ling appeared in important military operations such as Cao Cao's annihilation of Yuan Shu, War Horse Chao, and attack on Zhang Lu, so the incident should have occurred earlier.
When would Cao Cao be most uneasy about Zhu Ling? Naturally, before the war with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao would never keep this mine. Yuan Shao Cao Cao's years of cooperation were due to the increasing strength of the two men, and finally a decisive battle broke out at Guandu after eliminating the miscellaneous fish.
When the relationship between the two families is good, Zhu Ling's existence is tolerable. First of all, after all, Yuan Shao was the boss, and although the nails were disgusting, Cao Cao dared to be angry. Secondly, Zhu Ling is indeed a good general, Cao Cao is the time to absorb the world's talents, even Liu Bei he is courteous, Zhu Ling naturally does not want to miss, presumably no less to win.
However, when Cao Cao found out that there was a war with Yuan Shao sooner or later, Zhu Ling's attitude may not be so satisfactory to him, and he did not explicitly express his allegiance. It is no wonder that Cao Cao must have known the past when Zhu Ling was loyal to Yuan Shao, so he loved and hated Zhu Ling. He didn't want to kill, but with so many soldiers from Hebei under his command, he really couldn't rest assured. What to do? Wouldn't it be beautiful to seize his military power, observe and observe, and slowly transfer Zhu Ling's loyalty to Yuan Shao to himself.
Hence the forbidden horse. The author believes that Zhu Ling's admiration for Cao Cao at the beginning was indeed sincere, and after long-term contact, Zhu Ling did agree with Cao Cao, but he also had feelings for the original lord Yuan Shao himself, and was in a dilemma. Therefore, he did not resist when the military power was taken away, and perhaps there was still a sense of ease in his heart. After all, he did not want to betray Yuan Shao, nor did he want to betray Cao Cao.
So can the event time be more precise? OK.
In the fourth year of Jian'an (199), on the eve of the Battle of Guandu, Yuan Shu could not support the northward escape in Shouchun and planned to defect to Yuan Shao, who sent his eldest son Yuan Tan to meet him at the border of Qingzhou. As a result, Cao Cao sent Liu Bei, Zhu Ling, and Lu Zhao to intercept him halfway, and Yuan Shu was defeated and vomited blood and died. Liu Bei broke away from Zhu Ling and Lu Zhao, turned his gun and killed Xuzhou Assassin Shi Che and entered Xia Pi.
This incident is also a major direct cause of the intensification of the contradiction between Yuan Shao and Cao Cao, although Yuan Shu has always been at odds with Yuan Shao, but Yuan Shao is ready to accept Yuan Shu, cao Cao is halfway killed, this breath Yuan Shao must not be able to swallow. Zhu Ling, who participated in the battle, was also An old general of Yuan Shao, which was actually Cao Cao's retreat to break Zhu Ling's return to Yuan Shao's camp. Cao Cao arranged for Liu Bei to be the master to prevent Zhu Ling from turning against him, and arranged for Zhu Ling to prevent Liu Bei from changing, but he did not expect that Liu Bei really rebelled, but Zhu Ling did not look at it.
The details of the incident can no longer be known, but presumably, even if Zhu Ling did not neglect to guard Against Liu Bei, he also had a passive slack when attacking Yuan Shu, which led to Liu Bei having the opportunity to run, coupled with his embarrassing identity, Cao Cao would definitely not give up. Therefore, the seizure of military power is most likely to occur at this time.
After that, Zhu Ling did not lead the army to fight for a long time, and did not appear on the battlefield for about eight years between the Battle of Guandu and the Pacification of Hebei. In the past eight years, Cao Cao has been fighting against the Yuan clique, and all the famous generals of the Cao army have records, but Zhu Ling, who is "famous Ya Huang and others", did not participate in the war. Presumably, Cao Cao was very resentful of him for letting Liu Bei go, and the author speculates that Zhu Ling is also likely to be grateful for Yuan Shao's kindness and express his attitude of refusing to make enemies of the Yuan family. As An old general of Yuan Shao, Zhang Guo was promoted for his participation in pacifying Hebei, and Zhu Ling refused to rebel against the old lord, which is very likely to be combined with his past when he abandoned his family for Yuan Shao. This is the embodiment of Zhu Ling's loyalty, but after all, he is loyal to Cao Cao's opponent, so Cao Wei cannot publicize it, which is one of the reasons why Zhu Ling's historical materials are few.