#2021生机大会 #
"Shu Jinzheng robe is self-formed, and the peach blossom immediately asks for a long tassel."
How many strange men in the world, who are willing to go to the battlefield! ”
This is the poem of the Chongzhen Emperor praising Qin Liangyu, the Marquis of Zhongzhen, and in this issue we are going to talk about Qin Liangyu, a hero of the ming dynasty at the end of the Ming Dynasty. In Chinese history, the history of successive dynasties and dynasties, famous women, are recorded in the biography of the daughters, but the national hero Qin Liangyu is recorded in the biography of the general Xiang, why is it said that she is a national hero? Because she led the Han people to resist the Qing soldiers.
Qin Liangyu's father was Named Qin Kui, a native of Zhongzhou, Sichuan, which is now Zhong County, Chongqing. Although Qin Liangyu was a daughter, she had been brave and wise since she was a child, and her bow horse was skilled. Her father, Qin Kui, was a ming dynasty official, and was influenced by his father and did not fall behind in terms of knowledge.
Qin Liangyu's husband is called Ma Qiancheng, is the local toastmaster, after Qin Liangyu married Ma Qiancheng, for a female Haojie who does not love red clothes and loves arms, Qin Liangyu helped her husband train the army and formed the famous white pole army in the future.
During the reign of the Wanli Shenzong, Yang Yinglong, the hereditary toastmaster of Bozhou, Guizhou, rebelled in the local area. The imperial court sent Li Hualong to come to the conquest, and Li Hualong immediately summoned Qin Liangyu's husband Shi Zhu Xuanfu to make Ma Qiancheng join in the crusade against Yang Yinglong. Qin Liangyu personally led five hundred elite soldiers to escort grain and grass for her husband, and together with the deputy general Zhou Guozhu to defend Deng Kan.
Ma Qiancheng led three thousand soldiers and horses to join Li Hualong, and that night, Li Hualong put on a feast to greet Ma Qiancheng. After Yang Yinglong learned of this military situation, he led a large army to take advantage of Li Hualong's army to suddenly launch an attack while it was feasting in the camp. When Yang Yinglong's army came suddenly, the imperial court soldiers were in a chaotic mess, and Qin Liangyu and his wife immediately rectified the chaotic soldiers and horses in their headquarters, and Qin Liangyu and his wife even took the lead and defeated Yang Yinglong. After defeating Yang Yinglong, the chaotic soldiers regrouped, and Qin Liangyu and his wife began to take advantage of the victory to pursue, successively attacking Yang Yinglong's seven camps.
Yang Yinglong could not resist and fled back to Sangmuguan, and Qin Liangyu and his wife immediately came with troops to assist the Youyang officials and troops to capture Sangmuguan together, defeating Yang Yinglong, and Yang Yinglong was killed on the spot. After the victory of the war, Li Hualong reported the battle merits to Qin Liangyu, Qin Liangyu was the first in the Battle Achievements of Nanchuan Road, without her composure and self-confidence, organized the headquarters soldiers and horses to counterattack, it is estimated that it was Yang Yinglong who won at this time. Qin Liangyu did not accept it, but gave up his military merit to her husband Ma Qiancheng and his soldiers.
Within two years, her husband Ma Qiancheng was falsely accused by the eunuch Qiu Chengyun, and Ma Qiancheng fell ill and died in Yunyang prison. Qin Liangyu did not hate the imperial court because of this, because Ma Qiancheng died of illness and his son was only a few years old, Qin Liangyu temporarily took over Ma Qiancheng's position and the leadership position of Toast, and established the White Pole Army.
During the reign of Emperor Guangzong, the Qing army invaded Liaodong and besieged Shenyang, and the imperial court immediately ordered Qin Liangyu to send troops to help. Qin Liangyu sent his elder brother Qin Bangping and younger brother Qin Minping to lead thousands of men and horses to the vanguard army. Qin Bangping, Qin Minping and the Qing army fought a bloody battle, because they were outnumbered, their brother Qin Bangping died on the battlefield, and Qin Minping broke out.
The elder brother Qin Bangping died in battle, but he was caused by some traitors in the imperial court, but the pension he deserved was not implemented, and Qin Liangyu could not bear to be loyal to the subjects, so he said that Qin Bangping's death was also a complaint and asked for a preferential pension, fortunately, Zhang Heming, the shangshu of the military department, said to the imperial court that Qin Bangping had won thousands of enemy ranks in the bloody battle of the Hunhe River, and these merits were actually the battle achievements made by the soldiers and horses of the headquarters led by Shi Zhu and Youyang Toast. After Zhu Youxue heard the truth, in order to treat the family of Qin Liangyu's family kindly, he added a gift to Qin Bangping as the governor of the capital, and his descendants were hereditary, and the Qin Minping that broke out was the official Jin Du Si Youshu.
In order to resist the Qing army's re-attack, the military department asked Qin Liangyu to return to his hometown to recruit troops to continue the conscription, and Qin Liangyu was ordered to return to his hometown to recruit troops. At this time, Yongning Xuanfu made Su Chongming rebel in Chongqing, and the general Fan Long specially sent emissaries with gold and silver treasures to ally with Qin Liangyu. Qin Liangyu immediately beheaded the emissary, and before Chongming could realize it, he immediately sent his troops to the west and quietly crossed the city of Chongqing, and the army reached Nanping Pass in Chongqing. Qin Liangyu immediately set up an ambush to attack the two rivers, burning the enemy's ships and defeating Fan Long.
The following year, during the Apocalypse, Su Chongming led troops to besiege Chengdu, and Zhu Xieyuan, who was then the governor of Sichuan, immediately sent qin Liangyu to lead the army to conquest. At that time, in the Ming Dynasty, the eunuchs had monopoly power, the government was corrupt, and the toastmasters everywhere received bribes from Chongming, and all of them did not move, and only Qin Liangyu led the headquarters to beat the drum and march to the west.
Qin Liangyu led his troops and horses all the way to the outskirts of Chengdu and fought a decisive battle with Su Chongming, who was defeated and left, and Qin Liangyu relieved the siege of Chengdu. The imperial court immediately made Qin Liangyu his wife, and appointed her son Ma Xianglin as an envoy to Xuanwei and her younger brother Qin Minping as deputy commander-in-chief. Qin Liangyu took advantage of the victory to pursue Su Chongming, who lost to Qin Liangyu many times, and finally saw that Dashi had committed suicide and died, and Qin Liangyu completely quelled the rebellion in Sichuan.
When Qin Liangyu put down the Sichuan rebellion, he was already fifty years old. Some traitors in the imperial court also looked for things to smear Qin Liangyu, but Qin Liangyu never felt cold to this court. In particular, her younger brother Qin Minping, with the inspector Wang Sanshan led the army to fight in Luguang, after the defeat of the first battle Wang Sanshan fled, the remaining Qin Minping immediately collected the defeated soldiers, the whole army fought again, and finally was attacked by thieves, fighting and dying.
During the Chongzhen period, the Qing army launched a major attack, and Emperor Taiji attacked the four cities of Yongping and besieged Kyoto. Chongzhen ordered Qin Liangyu to lead his nephew Qin Yiming to serve the King of Qin, and after Qin Liangyu received the edict, he used the family assets as military salaries and led the troops into Beijing. After Emperor Zhu Youjian learned of this, he wrote four poems to commend Qin Liangyu's merits. The first page of the article is one of them, and the other three poems are.
(i)
"Learn the Nishikawa Eight Formations, and hold the soldier symbol in the sleeve of the Mandarin Duck."
Since the people are willing to accept it, why should the general be a husband. ”
(ii)
"Sleeping in the wind and eating vows, drinking blood instead of rouge."
Kaige immediately cleared the song, not when Zhaojun came out. ”
(iii)
"Sweeping the Huns with a broom, a crowd of joyful cries.
Try to see his Nian Lin Pavilion, Dan Qing first drew a beautiful picture. ”
Emperor Taiji heard that Qin Liangyu had come with his troops and knew that he could not defeat Kyoto, so he withdrew, so Qin Liangyu arranged for his nephew Qin Yiming to be stationed near Gyeonggi. He himself led the soldiers back to their hometowns. In the seventh year of Chongzhen, Zhang Xianzhong attacked the important town of Fuzhou in eastern Sichuan, which is today's Fengjie County in Chongqing, and Qin Liangyu led his army to go on a crusade, and Zhang Xianzhong was afraid of Qin Liangyu and left without a fight. Qin Liangyu led his army in pursuit, Zhang Xianzhong encountered Ma Xianglin on the way back to Sichuan on the way to escape, under the attack of Qin Liangyu's mother and son, Zhang Xianzhong was defeated, and had to retreat to Huguang.
In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen, that is, in 1640, Zhang Xianzhong and Luo Rucai rebelled again, and let Luo Rucai lead an army to attack Kuizhou. After Qin Liangyu heard about it, he immediately led his army to suppress it, at this time Qin Liangyu was already in his sixties, and Luo Ru heard that it was Qin Liangyu who led the troops, and he was afraid to leave without a fight. Qin Liangyu took the opportunity to pursue and kill Luo Rucai, defeated Luo Rucai in the Battle of Majiazhai, and beheaded him for six hundred levels. Capturing several generals of Luo Rucai alive and capturing Luo Rucai's banner, Luo Rucai's army gradually declined.
Due to the passive defense of Fu Shao Jiechun, who was the governor of Sichuan at the time, Zhang Xianzhong successively broke the Ming army at Guanyin Rock and Sanhuangling, and at this time, the most capable fighter in Sichuan was Zhang Ling, and the other was Qin Liangyu. After Zhang Xianzhong led a large army across the Yangtze River, Zhang Ling was killed in battle. Zhang Ling was originally in a corner with Qin Liangyu's army, and was killed in battle after Zhang Ling was attacked, and Zhang Xianzhong was afraid of Qin Liangyu, and pressed the large army on Qin Liangyu's position, and Qin Liangyu, who had no backup and no support, was defeated.
Shao Jiechun still had 20,000 XiZhi soldiers in his hands, and he was unwilling to go to the rescue when he saw Qin Liangyu's defeat. After Qin Liangyu was defeated, he went to ask Shao Jiechun to borrow his 20,000 Xizhi soldiers to go and break the enemy, and he was willing to pay half of the salary, Shao Jiechun did not agree, and the sixty-something veteran had to sigh and return. At that time, thirteen thieves, including Shake Heaven and Huang Long, were running rampant in Sichuan. Zhang Xianzhong led his troops to attack Sichuan again, Qin Liangyu suggested sending troops to guard the thirteen passes, Chen Shiqi, who was then the governor of Sichuan, did not take her advice, and then Qin Liangyu went to inspector Liu Zhibo, who agreed to Qin Liangyu's plan, but there were no troops to send.
After Zhang Xianzhong captured Chengdu, Qin Liangyu returned to defend the Shizhu Realm, and at this time Zhang Xianzhong recruited local toastmasters throughout Sichuan, but did not dare to come to Shizhu, at this time Qin Liangyu was already more than seventy years old, and also made Zhang Xianzhong feel afraid of such a traitor.
At this time, the Ming Dynasty had already changed hands, the Qing army entered the pass, the Chongzhen Emperor hanged himself, the Ming Dynasty divided into two small imperial courts, the Longwu Emperor Zhu Yujian fled to Fujian, and sent envoys to Shizhu, and sealed Qin Liangyu as the title of Taibao and Prince Taibao, and fengzhongzhen Marquis, while another Yongli Emperor Zhu Youluo, who was near the southwest, added the title of Prince of Qin Liangyu taifu, appointed as an envoy from Sichuan, and still used the Zhendong general to supervise the thieves in Chuanzhong. It was not until the fifth year of Qing Shunzhi, that is, in 1648, qin Liangyu died at the age of 75.