At the beginning of Jin Yong's novel "The Legend of the Archery Hero", the father of the protagonist Guo Jing was killed by officers and soldiers. According to the officials who came to take the people, they were holding "Han Xiangye's handwriting." Yang Tiexin shouted, "Han Cheng Xiang specializes in harming innocent and good people, who doesn't know?" Therefore, he resolutely refused to return to the palace with the official, and after that, there was a tragedy in which Guo Xiaotian was killed and his wife was separated.
Legend of the Archery Hero
According to the description of the novel, this "Han Guan" minister is a first-class traitor, and he often does things that kill people. But in fact, Han's historical prototype, Han Nongxu (tuō zhòu), was a famous courtier who rehabilitated Yue Fei, reused Xin Renyi, and vigorously advocated resisting the Jin Northern Expedition. Why would such a heroic figure become Jin Yong's "traitor"? Let's move on.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Han Nongxin participated in "Shaoxi Nei Zen"</h1>
Han Nongxu was born into a famous family, his great-grandfather was Han Qi, the elder of the Three Dynasties of the Northern Song Dynasty, and his father was Han Cheng, the envoy of the Baoning Army. At the same time, he was also the nephew of Empress Wu of Xiansheng, and by virtue of the family's shadow, Han Nongxu successfully entered the army, successively serving as a waiter and a Xuanzanshe. In the last year of Chunxi, he was appointed as a defensive envoy to Ruzhou and a zhiyun men.
And Han Nongxin began to develop, stemming from participating in the "Shaoxi Inner Zen". Song Guangzong was at odds with his father, Song Xiaozong, and he was still a little nervous. After the death of Song Xiaozong, as a son of man, he refused to preside over the funeral on the pretext of illness. The ancients valued "filial piety" the most, but Guangzong, as an emperor, was so absurd, so Zhao Ruyu, the privy councillor, consulted with Han Nongxu, Guo Gao, and others, and decided to launch a palace coup and support the crown prince Zhao Kuo's ascension to the throne.
Stills of Han Nong
In order to succeed in the coup, in addition to the support of the ministers of the DPRK and The Central Government, it is also necessary to get the support of the royal family. It happened that Han Nongxin was Empress Wu's nephew, so Han Nongxin was sent to the harem to win Empress Wu's support. Song Xiaozong was Empress Wu's husband, and Guangzong's behavior also made her dissatisfied, so she supported the coup d'état of Han Nongxin and Zhao Ruyu. In July of the fifth year of Shaoxi, before the spirit of Emperor Xiaozong of Song, Empress Wu announced the abdication of Emperor Guangzong of Song as empress dowager, and was succeeded by crown prince Zhao Kuo, that is, Emperor Ningzong of Song.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the party struggle between Han Nongxin and Zhao Ruyu</h1>
After Emperor Ningzong of Song succeeded to the throne, those involved in the coup began to divide the fruits of victory. Han Nongxu originally wanted to get the position of envoy of Jiedushi, but Zhao Ruyu believed that "foreign relatives cannot be said to be meritorious", and only promoted Han Nongxin to a higher level and promoted to Yizhou Observation Envoy. Han Nongxin hated Zhao Ru to the bone and decided to retaliate against him. After Zhao Ruyu was promoted to right minister, he introduced Zhu Xi, a famous Confucian figure, to Emperor Ningzong of Song. Although Zhu Xi was bent on serving the rulers, Emperor Ningzong of Song did not like him and thought that he was too lenient.
Zhu Xi had a deep understanding of Han Nongxu and understood that this person would be Zhao Ruyu's life enemy, so he suggested that Zhao Ruyu reward Han Nongxu generously and not let Han Nongxu participate in politics. But Zhao Ruyu did not think so. As Han Nongxu gradually gained The Trust of Emperor Ningzong, Zhao Ruyu also realized the seriousness of the problem and ordered the officials to attack Han Nongxu. As a result, Han Nongxin did not step down, and Zhao Ruyu's henchmen were instead relegated from the Beijing Division. Liu Bi, the protégé of Zhiquan, was dissatisfied with Zhao Ruyu because he was unable to participate in Shaoxi Neichan, so he took the initiative to cooperate with Han Nongxin and join forces against Zhao Ruyu.
Song Ningzong
Subsequently, Han Nongxin deposed inspector Yushi Wu Hunter through internal approval and replaced the post with his own people: Liu Dexiu, Yang Dafa, and Liu Sanjie. After taking control of the Yanlu, Han Nongxin ordered the officials to impeach Zhao Ruyu and requested that Zhao Ruyu be removed from his position as chancellor on the grounds that "the relatives of the clan are serving as prime ministers, which is not conducive to social stability." Emperor Ningzong of Song had long been unavoidable about Zhao Ruyu and took the opportunity to depose Zhao Ruyu and demote him to Fuzhou Zhizhou. And Zhao Ruyu's party was also implicated.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > Han Nongxin's political move</h1>
After Zhao Ruyu was deposed, Han Nongxin gradually took control of the imperial court by recommending his cronies to Emperor Ningzong of Song. He relegated rigaku to "pseudoscience" and attacked rigadiers. After Zhao Ruyu's violent death in Hengzhou, Zai Xiangliuzheng was also deposed because of his discordant relationship with Han Nongxin, and the leader of the science, Zhu Xi, was expelled from the court. With the support of Emperor Ningzong of Song, the imperial court began to strictly prohibit the study of science, and compiled the Pseudo-Academic Anti-Party Membership. Lü Zutai, a commoner in Wuzhou, wrote to the imperial court, believing that the science of science could not be forbidden, and at the same time asked the emperor to kill Han Nongxu. As a result, he himself was exiled by Han Nongxin.
Zhu Xi
After Han Nongxin came to power, he vigorously advocated resisting Jin. In order to arouse the enthusiasm of the main war faction of the imperial court and the people to resist the Jin, Han Nongxin not only posthumously crowned Yue Fei as the King of E, giving him a very high political status, but also cut off Qin Juniper's prince and changed his nickname to "Miao Ugly". Chongyue degraded Qin and prepared public opinion for the north to resist Jin. The suggestions of Xin Anderson and others played an important role in the decision of Emperor Ningzong and Han Nongxin in the process of cutting gold.
Yue Fei
In order to be able to smoothly carry out the Northern Expedition, Han Nongxu not only activated the main war faction that was excluded by the Guangzong Dynasty, but also dismissed the pseudo-academic and rebellious party membership and reappointed some officials who were registered to win their unanimous foreign relations. However, these people did not cooperate sincerely, and not only did the Generals lack of generals within the Song Army, but there were also some internal traitors. As early as a month before Emperor Ningzong of Song issued an edict on the Northern Expedition, Wu Xi, the deputy envoy of Sichuan Xuanfu, secretly communicated with the Jin Dynasty, planning to sacrifice the four prefectures of Guanwai, Cheng, He, and Feng, so that the Jin Dynasty could make him the King of Shu.
After the Song Dynasty sent out for the Northern Expedition, the Jin Dynasty secretly instructed Wu Xi not to move when the Jin soldiers were approaching the river. Han Nongxu looked forward to Sichuan's troops day and night, and the patriotic poet Lu You also wrote poems urging many times, but Wu Xi turned a deaf ear until Jin Bing attacked Shangyuan. On the other hand, Jin Bing secretly sent envoys to meet qiu Wei, the privy council secretary who signed the letter, and the two sides secretly made peace. Wu Xi rebelled on the western front, Qiu Wei talked about peace on the eastern front, and Han Nongxin fell into a state of isolation.
In order to get rid of the predicament, Han Nongxin on the one hand deposed Qiu Kun and ordered Zhang Yan to supervise the Jianghuai soldiers and horses. On the other hand, he also sent a letter to Wu Xi's subordinate An Bing, promising him to kill Wu Xi and add an official to the knighthood. What Han Nongxin did not expect was that Wu Xi had long been killed by his subordinates because of infighting, and An Bing had also become the new Sichuan Xuanfu envoy. Because of Wu Xi's killing, the Jin army was in chaos, and Yang Juyuan, Li Haoyi, and others would take advantage of the situation to retake Sichuan.
Golden Soldier
Just when the situation was very good, An Bing did not allow his subordinates to take advantage of the victory over the Northern Expedition, but instead killed each other within the Song army. The original good situation of the Northern Expedition was also completely destroyed by An Bing. At this time, there were voices of peace within the Song Dynasty, and the imperial court sent Fang Xinru to Jin for peace talks. As a result, Fang Xinru was imprisoned as soon as he arrived in the Jin Dynasty and was intimidated by the Jin Dynasty. Soon after, Fang Xinru, who had "escaped from death", returned to the imperial court and brought back a reply letter from the Jin people.
Although the Jin Dynasty was already strong at this time, it still dared to scare the Song Dynasty monarchs. They said: If you want peace talks, you can cut off Han Nong's head and send it over, and at the same time increase the number of coins, and send out the silver of the master, so that peace can be negotiated. If you are called a subject, take the middle boundary between Jianghuai and Huaibei. If it is called a son, it is bounded by the Yangtze River. For this request, Han Nongxin naturally did not agree and decided to reorganize his troops and prepare for war again. Emperor Ningzong of Song ordered the recruitment of new recruits and the use of the 68-year-old Xin Toei to command the military. As a result, after the appointment was issued, Xin Qiyi had not yet gotten up and died of illness at home.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Han was killed</h1>
Han Nongxin planned to send troops to the Northern Expedition again, but the surrender faction in the DPRK did not agree, jumped up and down, and made a big move, intending to overthrow Han Nongxin. The representative of the surrender faction was Shi Miyuan, who was then the attendant of the Rebbe. Shi Miyuan knew that it would be difficult to shake Han Nongxin by relying on the strength of his own people, after all, he had the support of the emperor. So he drew Empress Yang closer to his camp.
It turned out that after the death of Empress Han of Emperor Ningzong, Yang Guifei and Cao Meiren became popular candidates for the position of Middle Palace. However, Han Nongxin supported the weak Cao Meiren as empress, thus offending Yang Guifei. As a result, Emperor Ningzong did not take Han Nongxu's advice, but instead made Yang Guifei empress, and Empress Yang hated him to the bone. After Shi Miyuan wrote to Emperor Ningzong and asked to kill Han Nongxu, empress Yang also asked her son to write a letter, but Emperor Ningzong also did not agree. So the two decided to conspire to kill Han Nongxin.
Jin Jun
On November 3, 1207, the third year of the Kai Jubilee Dynasty, Han Nongxin was assassinated inside the yujin garden during the Shang Dynasty. Afterwards, Shi Miyuan and others reported to Song Ningzong. After Han Nongxin was killed, the military and political power was controlled by the political parties of Shi Miyuan and Yang Hou, who, at the request of the Jin people, cut off Han Nongxin's head, put it in a box, and sent it to the Jin Dynasty, the so-called "Hanshou Anbian". At the same time, he promised to increase the age of 300,000 yuan and the master silver (indemnity) of 3 million taels, humiliated and reconciled.
Ironically, after Han Nong's death, the Southern Song Dynasty minister did not feel sorry for him, but felt that it was a loss of national style to put his first rank in a box and give it to the Jin people. After receiving Han Nongxin's first rank, the Jin Dynasty did not insult him, but respectfully buried him next to the grave of his great-grandfather Han Qi. Despite being in different camps, Han Nongxu's loyalty to the country won the respect of the Jin people, so they gave Han Nongxu an intriguing nickname "Zhongmu Hou", loyal to the country and to the body.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Why did Han Nongxu become a "traitor"?</h1>
Even if Han Nongxu's behavior is not "loyal to the country", it is also considered to be a resistance to Jin, so why did he fall into the ranks of "traitors"? There are three main reasons:
First, the suppression of science was retaliated against by the science students. During Han's reign, he relegated rigaku to "pseudoscience," and the scholars were suppressed. Therefore, in the Yuan Dynasty, the rationalists in charge of compiling the History of Song began to retaliate and included Han Nongxin as a "traitor".
Second, Han Nong's behavior of forming a powerful minister with the party for personal gain made others regard him as a traitor. In the process of ascending to the throne, Han Nongxin inevitably used the power in his hands to suppress political opponents and strengthen his own power through "forming a party". In the eyes of many people, this is no different from the performance of a traitor. But in fact, a powerful minister is not the same as a traitor. Most of everything he did was for the sake of the country. Of course, in the process, he also offended a large number of vested interests.
Shi Miyuan
3. Slander by political opponents. When Han Nongxu was alive, he had the care of the emperor, and naturally no one could take him down. However, after Han Nongxin's death, the political enemies headed by Shi Miyuan began to attack Han Nongxin, otherwise how could they prove the "correctness" of their behavior? And Shi Miyuan and others not only smeared Han Nongxin, but also restored Qin Juniper's title and "rehabilitated" Qin Juniper. As a result, the traitor Shi Miyuan enjoyed his old age in peace, and Han Nongxin became a traitor instead.
Therefore, the tai student wrote a poem sarcastically: "Since ancient times, He Rong has great power, and he has not heard of the letter head can be safe." The liver and brain of the living beings are empty, and the grandfather has a grudge against the heavens. Chao's mistake has been condemned to the final rebellion, and Yan has not been sent during the period. The temple claims to be a perfect strategy, but it is afraid that the border defense is not inevitable. When Jin Yong wrote the novel, he was influenced by the "History of Song" compiled by the Yuan Dynasty, and regarded it as a traitor.
References: "Biography of the Archery Hero", "Biography of Song Shi Han Nong"