I was recently writing the serial "Those Things of Jinguo", and as I wrote deeper, more and more doubts came to my mind. What I want to share with you today is the entanglement between the Spring and Autumn Overlord Qi Huangong and the grandfather of Jin Wengong, Jin Wugong (Quwo Wugong). So what can they do?
In the spring of the tenth five years, Qi Hou, Song Gong, Chen Hou, Wei Hou, and Zheng Bo would meet in Juan, and Qi Shibaya. - "The Fifteenth Year of Zuo Chuan Zhuang Gong" In the twenty-eighth year of the Marquis of Jin, the Duke of Qi Huan was the first to dominate. Duke Wu of Qu wowu destroyed the Marquis of Jin, and offered it to the King of Zhou with his treasures. The King of Qi appointed Duke Wu of Qu as the Prince of Jin, listed as a prince, and thus merged with the Jin Dynasty. Duke Wu of Quwo had been on the throne for thirty-seven years, and was also known as duke Wu of Jin. - "History of the Jin Dynasty"
In 679 BC, the Wei state of Juandi made duke Huan of Qi the first overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period. In the same year, Duke Wu of Quwo rebelled against Marquis Huan of Jin, destroyed Yicheng, and bribed The King of Zhou, who was appointed by King Huan as the prince of Jin and renamed Duke Wu of Jin. Of course, the Zuo Zhuan records this appointment in 678 BC, that is, a year after Qi Huan's reign. Even so, it has to be imaginative.
Are the two things that seem to be incompatible just a coincidence? Actually, this is not the case.
Some people want to ask, there is no such statement in the history books, so why should I make such a statement? Read on.
01 Whose daughter is Qi Jiang?
Crown Prince Shensheng, whose mother, Qi Huan's daughter, Qi Jiang, died early. - "History of the Jin Dynasty"
According to the "Chronicle of History", Qi Jiang was the daughter of The Duke of Qi Huan, while the "Zuo Biography" only talked about Qi Jiang. I also once doubted Qi Jiang's identity, how could Qi Huangong have such a big daughter?
In September, Qi Hou sent Jiang Shi Yu Huan. The guild is in full swing. Mrs. Jiang to Zi Qi. - "Three Years of Zuo Chuan Huan Gong"
Duke Huan's sister Wen Jiang, The Duke of Lu Huan, married in 709 BC. Assuming that Wen Jiang was about 18 years old when he was married, Wen Jiang was born roughly around 726 BC. As the second son of Duke Huan of Qi, he was older than Wen Jiang, and considered the age of his son (see below), so it is inferred that he was born around 730 BC.
Ten years and five years, twenty and married- "Li Ji Nei Ze" Women promise to marry, and they are called characters- "Ritual Ceremony and Ceremony of Scholars"
From the Zhou Dynasty onwards, it was stipulated that noble women perform ceremonies before marrying after the engagement (marriage), which was generally held at the age of fifteen. If Duke Qi Huan married early and had the privilege of giving birth to a daughter at the age of 16, then in 700 BC, duke Huan's daughter was 15 years old, and indeed reached the age of marriage at that time.
Qi Ginger
Of course, there is also a possibility that Qi Jiang is the younger sister of Qi Huangong. After all, Qi Huangong's younger son Qi Huigong died in 599 BC, and the father and son spanned 3 centuries, how old were the two of them?
However, whether Qi Jiang was the daughter or sister of Qi Huangong, he was his close relative. Since it can roughly explain the past, this article will still respect the interpretation of the "Historical Record", that is, Qi Jiang is the daughter of Qi Huangong.
02 Who did Qi Jiang marry?
Duke Xian of Jin married Yu Jia and had no children. Yu Yu Qi Jiang, Lady Qin Mu and eldest son Shen Sheng. He also married the second daughter Yu Rong, the great Rong fox Ji gave birth to heavy ears, and the little Rong zi gave birth to Yi Wu. Jin Fa Li Rong, Li Rong men and women with Li Ji. Return to Xi Qi. He was born to Zhuozi. - "The Left Handbook"
Several other wives or concubines, The Duke of Jin Xian used the word "marry", except Qi Jiang used the word "烝". What does "烝" mean? The following is obscene. In this way, Qi Jiang was originally a concubine of Duke Wu of Jin, the father of Duke Xian of Jin, and later had an affair with Duke Xian of Jin before giving birth to the crown princes Shen Sheng and Mu Ji. Crown Prince Shensheng was born when the two were having an affair, and Mu Ji was born after the Jin Dynasty ascended the throne, and will not be discussed here.
Prince Taishi
03 Then why did the marriage take place around 700 BC?
The consecration is on the throne, and the year of the heavy ear is twenty-one. - "History of the Jin Dynasty"
Duke Xian of Jin ascended the throne in 676 BC, so Zhong'er was born in 697 BC. Shen sheng was the eldest son, so he was born in 698 BC. Qi Jiang married into Quwo around 700 BC, because the Duke of Jinwu was old, plus he wanted to invade Yicheng as soon as possible, and there was no common language with the little girl who was in the cardamom age, and at that time, the Jin Dynasty was full of style, the two fell in love at first sight, and after the adultery, shensheng was born around 698 BC, which was more consistent in time.
This also proves that the marriage of Qi Huan is not the love of Qi Jiang and Jin WuGong, but a political marriage.
Duke Huan's great-aunt was the great-grandmother of Duke Wu of Jin, and they were originally distant cousins four generations apart, but a marriage escalated the relationship between the two into a strategic alliance.
01 Why did Duke Huan of Qi choose Duke Wu of Quwo?
The moment Qu Wo Huan attacked Yicheng in 739 BC, he informed the whole world of Qu Wo's ambitions, Qu Wo Zhuang Bo attacked Yicheng twice, and Qu Wo Wu Killed The Marquis of Jin and The Prince of Jin Before and After, all of which revealed to the world that it was only a matter of time before Qu Wo Dai Yi.
For many years, the Jin capital Yicheng survived with the protection of Zhou Tianzi, and Yicheng was helpless against Qu Wo's repeated provocations, and the Jin monarch survived in name only.
Since King Huan of Zhou ascended the throne, ten years after confronting Zheng Zhuanggong, the small bully of the Spring and Autumn Period, the majesty of Tianzi was fatally challenged and trampled, and it could only be hoped that by curbing the internal turmoil in Jin, it could only be expected to show that his royal power was still in his hands, but by then the ceremony had collapsed, the music was also bad, and Zhou Tianzi's right to speak was as pale and weak as the winter sun.
If the Duke of Qi Huan had already had the heart of succession, then in 700 BC, Qu Wo, who was rising like the rising sun, would be the best partner for cooperation, not the wing city of the Western Mountains of Nippon. Moreover, the borders of Qi and Jin can help with trouble, and there is also a place for retreat in failure.
Duke Wu of Quwo
02 Why did Duke Wu of Quwo choose Duke Huan of Qi?
Around 700 BC, although Yicheng was already vulnerable, in order to become the Marquis of Jin, Quwo needed the support of the surrounding powers. The State of Qi and the State of Zheng were both Small Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period, but with the death of Duke Zheng Zhuang in 701 BC, Zheng's internal affairs fell into chaos, and there was no time to take care of other countries. On the contrary, the State of Qi is thriving, so it is particularly important to get the support of the State of Qi.
Nanshan Cui Cui, Male Fox Sui Sui. Lu Dao has a swing, Qi Zi by return. Both the end of the destination, the end of the twilight and the end of the nostalgia? - "Poetry Classic, Nanshan"
Although Duke Xiang of Qi was the Crown Prince of Qi at that time, he was notorious for incest with his sister Wen Jiang. The chinese people were ashamed, and specially composed a poem "Nanshan", in which Qi Xianggong was likened to a male fox who longed for a partner, thus condemning his shameless heart of coveting Wen Jiang. Imagine how can a monarch who does not have the support of the people be able to sit on the throne for a long time? Qu Wowu wanted to strike the long sky, how could he be with the short-sighted bird? Therefore, Qi Xianggong was not the right person for Qu Wo to consider.
Xiao Bai is a good doctor Gao Dai. And the Yonglin people killed ignorance, the emperor, Gao and Guoxian yin summoned Xiao Bai yu ju. - "History of the Qi Taigong Family"
On the other hand, although Duke Huan of Qi was the second son of Duke Qi, he had been friends with the ministers of the State of Qi since childhood, and there were also assistants such as Bao Shuya, a sage, who was expected by all. If the Duke of Qi Xiang has three long and two short, the Duke of Qi Huan will definitely be the preferred monarch of the country.
Duke Huan of Qi
03 Duke Huan of Qi and Emperor Xiaozong of Quwo were both sons of Shu
Both Duke Huan of Qi and Xiaozong of Quwo had the ambition of Qingyun, but they stopped at the status of Shuzi, which can be described as the same fate. When the two have the opportunity to meet, they will inevitably see each other and hate each other, feel sorry for each other, hit it off, and promise an alliance of advances and retreats.
Duke Xiang of Qi ascended the throne in 697 BC, reigned for more than ten years, was absurd, killed the Duke of Lu Huan for the old Aiwen Jiang, and killed the gentleman of the State of Zheng for the grievances of the old Jing Wei. As a result, the princes fled one after another for self-preservation, and the Duke of Qi Huan also fled to juguo.
If he acted hastily at this time, even if Duke Wu of Quwo successfully settled in Yicheng, who could guarantee that Duke Xiang of Qi would not be angry with Quwo because of the special relationship between Duke Wu and Duke Huan of Qi? When it is, Qu Wo is like hitting a stone with a pebble for the Qi state. If Qu Wo falls, then for Qi Huan Gong, there will be one less strong backing. Since it was not beneficial to both sides, Qu Wo could only continue to wait, waiting for the day when Qi Huangong would rise.
Qi Huan was hegemonic
At this point, let us go back to 679 BC, after Qi Huan's reign was overpowered, Qu Wowu immediately carried out the beheading operation, bribed Zhou Tianzi, that is, was awarded the title of Marquis of Jin, and the long-cherished wish of sixty-seven years was achieved in a few days. Everything is ready only to owe the East Wind, and qi Huangong's hegemony is not exactly the East Wind of Qu Wo?
A marriage 20 years ago was a strategic alliance between two sons, who joined forces and finally fulfilled their dreams. In the Spring and Autumn Period, only the strong could make regulations. Duke Huan of Qi and Duke Wu of Jin (Duke Wu of Quwo) explained this well to future generations with their actions.
References: "History", "Zuo Zhuan", "Book of Poetry", "Ritual Rites", "Ritual Rule", etc
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