Marxism is a scientific theory, a theory of the people, a practical theory, and an open theory that is constantly evolving. This is a highly summarized and systematic condensation of the characteristics of Marxist theory. In the nearly one hundred years since its founding, especially in the 70 years since the founding of New China, the Communist Party of China has always integrated the basic tenets of Marxism with China's specific practice, and in the course of revolution, construction, and reform that seeks happiness for the Chinese the people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, it has fully demonstrated the scientific essence of Marxism's scientific, people's, practical, and open nature, and vividly explained why Marxism "works" with historic changes and achievements.
1. Manifest the light of truth in revealing the laws
"Marx's ideological theory originated from that era and surpassed that era, and is both the essence of the spirit of that era and the essence of the entire human spirit." Marxism is a scientific theory, a scientific understanding of the general laws governing the development of nature, society and human thinking. On the basis of inheriting the excellent heritage of human thought and culture, Marx and Engels based on the practice of human material production, founded a Marxist theory organically unified by the three major components of Marxist philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism. In addition, a scientific view of nature, science, ethics, and military science has been created, which integrates summarizing history, analyzing reality, and predicting the future. The broad and profound theoretical system is an important support for why Marxism "works". Marxism is not only a scientific tool for explaining the world, but also a material force for the proletariat to transform the world. The two great discoveries of historical materialism and the theory of surplus value revealed for the first time the general law of the development of human society and the special law of capitalist operation, transformed socialism from a utopia into a science, and provided a scientific basis and a guide for action for the proletarian revolution. Marxism is both a scientific world outlook and a methodology, and in combination with the needs of practice, it has formed ideas on the law of the development of human society, ideas on adhering to the people's stand, ideas on productive forces and production relations, ideas on people's democracy, ideas on cultural construction, ideas on social construction, ideas on the relationship between man and nature, ideas on world history, ideas on Marxist party building, etc., and scientifically answered the major questions raised by practice. From the methodological level of understanding the world and transforming the world, it answers why Marxism "works".
Marxism has creatively revealed the law of the development of human society and profoundly changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation. The Communist Party of China has integrated the basic tenets of Marxism with China's specific reality and promoted the process of sinicization of Marxism to continuously achieve a leap forward. From Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thinking of "three represents", the scientific concept of development, and then to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, the party's guiding ideology is in the same vein and keeps pace with the times. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, as the latest theoretical achievement of the sinification of Marxism, provides a basic guideline and action guide for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and promoting the development of the cause of the party and the country in the new era. In the process of integrating Marxism with China's specific reality, science has shown the strong vitality of why Marxism "works."
2. Highlight the fundamental attributes in the supremacy of the people
"The reason why Marxism has the influence of transcending countries and eras is because it is rooted in the people and points out the right way for people to rely on the people to push history forward." For the first time, Marxism created the ideological system of the people's self-liberation, and the people's nature is the most distinctive character of Marxism. Marxism holds that the masses of the people are not only the creators of social material and spiritual wealth, but also the decisive force for social change and play a decisive role in the development of human society. The movement of basic social contradictions is the driving force for the development of human society, and the social practice of the masses of the people ultimately determines the outcome of historical development. Marxism has taken it as its duty to realize the free and comprehensive development of mankind and the liberation of all mankind, and has pointed out the direction for the ultimate establishment of an ideal society free of oppression, without exploitation, equality for all, and freedom for all. Marxism holds that the free and comprehensive development of man means that "every member of society can develop and exert all his talents and strengths completely freely, and does not endanger the basic conditions of this society." The ultimate direction of people's nature has become the endogenous driving force for why Marxism "works".
The sinification of Marxism has always developed around the people-centered theme. The Communist Party of China is the firmest and most thorough force for practicing the people's nature of Marxism, and since its birth, the Communist Party of China has written Marxism on its banner and firmly grasped the theoretical characteristics of the people's nature of Marxism. In the different historical periods of revolution, construction, and reform, the Communist Party of China has always shared a common destiny with the people, taken serving the people wholeheartedly as its fundamental purpose, and regarded the fulfillment, protection, and development of the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people as the fundamental starting point and end point of all its work. Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has not forgotten its original intention, kept its mission in mind, adhered to the people's position, responded to the people's concerns, solved many difficult problems that have long been wanted to be solved but have not been solved, and accomplished many major things that it wanted to do in the past but failed to do, especially the implementation of a series of people's livelihood measures such as the promotion of building a well-off society in an all-round way and the accurate poverty alleviation, which has effectively enhanced the people's sense of gain, happiness and security. The development process of the Communist Party of China in the past hundred years has fully demonstrated the people-centered value pursuit and the responsibility of ruling for the people, and the people's nature of Marxism has advanced with the times in the great process of the sinification of Marxism. At present, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and all the Chinese people have gathered the magnificent strength to achieve the goal of "two hundred years" and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and will continue to interpret the vivid chapter of why Marxism "works" in the realization of the yearning for a better life.
3. Respond to essential requirements in rooted practice
"Practicality is a distinctive feature of Marxist theory that distinguishes it from other theories." The essence of Marxism is the theory that serves the practice of transforming the world by the proletariat and the masses of the people. Marx pointed out that "philosophers only explain the world in different ways, and the problem is to change the world." Marxism has changed the limitations of the old materialism of "understanding objects, reality and sensibility from the object or intuitive form", overcome the disadvantage of idealism "not knowing the reality, perceptual activity itself", and become "practical materialism". The viewpoint of practice is embodied in the entire system of Marxism, scientifically answers the basis for the mutual distinction and unification of matter and spirit, nature and society, free nature and humanized nature, objectively elucidates major theoretical issues such as the source of knowledge, the driving force for development, and the criterion for testing the truth of knowledge, and profoundly reveals that all social life is essentially practical, and social practice is the driving force of historical development. In addition, the essential characteristics of practice determine that Marxist theory must be unified with practice. Theory arises from practice, and whether the theory is correct or not must be tested by practice and enriched and developed in practice; at the same time, only when the theory is closely linked with practice can it play a guiding role in practice and realize its own value and significance. The reason why Marxism "works" lies in the fact that it constantly promotes theoretical innovation and practical innovation on the basis of unifying theory and practice, and constantly opens up a new realm of Marxism.
The development of practice is endless, and theoretical innovation is endless. The practice of the Party and the people is constantly advancing, and the theory guiding this practice must also be constantly advancing. Since the founding of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, have creatively resolved a series of major problems in integrating the basic tenets of Marxism-Leninism with China's reality; after a long and bloody struggle, they have completed the new-democratic revolution, established the People's Republic of China, established the basic socialist system, and painstakingly explored the road of socialist construction suited to China's conditions. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the main representative, profoundly summed up the positive and negative experiences of China's socialist construction, drew on the historical experience of world socialism, and successfully created socialism with Chinese characteristics. The Chinese Communists, with Comrade Jiang Zemin and Comrade Hu Jintao as the main representatives, continued to struggle and successfully upheld and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics at a new historical starting point. Under the new situation, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, with great political courage and strong responsibility, has comprehensively deepened reform, expanded opening up to the outside world, promoted historic changes and achievements in the cause of the party and the country, and socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. Under the guidance of Marxism, the Communist Party of China united and led the people to usher in the great leap of the Chinese nation from standing up and getting rich to becoming strong. The great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics has proved to the world that Marxism "works" and is a powerful theoretical weapon to guide China toward prosperity and strength and the great rejuvenation of the nation.
4. Draw a source of vitality from open development
"Marx repeatedly warned people that Marxist theory is not a dogma, but a guide to action, and must evolve with changes in practice." The reason why Marxism has always stood at the forefront of the times is because of its open theoretical characteristics. Marxism is a product of history and has different forms and contents in different eras. Engels pointed out that "Marx's whole world outlook is not a doctrine, but a method. It does not provide ready-made dogmas, but the starting point for further study and the methods for such research". Marxism inherently has the fundamental requirements of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and advancing with the times; it opposes conformism and conformism, adheres to the unity of subjectivity and objectivity, the unity of theory and practice, and the unity of inheritance and innovation, thus providing us with scientific positions, viewpoints, and methods for understanding and transforming the world. The openness of Marxism is also reflected in its critical attitude towards all theories, ideas and doctrines, including itself. Marxism has the courage to self-deny and constantly develop and grow in the process of negation, which is not only the theoretical quality and practical characteristics of Marxism, but also the correct attitude held by Marxism. In constantly exploring the new topics raised by the development of the times and responding to the new challenges facing human society, Marxism is open to the present and the future, which fully demonstrates why Marxism "works".
The development of human history to this day has undergone tremendous and profound changes compared with marx's era, but from the perspective of the development of human history, the world is still in the big era of moving from capitalism to socialism as pointed out by Marxism. How to use Marxism to analyze and solve the problems of the times inevitably requires that Marxist theory itself always maintain openness and constantly realize the transformation and innovative development of the theory itself. Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has led the whole Party to closely combine the new conditions and practical requirements of the times, deepened the understanding of the law of the Communist Party's governance, the law of socialist construction, and the law of the development of human society with a new vision, systematically answered the major issue of the times of what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics to uphold and develop in the new era, and how to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics from the combination of theory and practice, and founded Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era. This is the original contribution made by the Chinese Communists to the theoretical summary and expression of Marxism in the new era with a scientific attitude, especially to the innovative development of Marxism in answering the major issues raised by the times and practice, so that scientific socialism will glow with strong vitality in China in the 21st century, profoundly demonstrate the openness of Marxist theory, and vividly explain the true meaning of why Marxism "works" in the benign interaction between theoretical innovation and practical innovation.
(Author: Institute of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Chinese University Author: Wang Yi)
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