In August 1935, Liu Yuxi and Fang Zhimin, who were arrested together, fought bravely in Nanchang, but 45 years later, there was a storm.
In 1980, someone published a reminiscence article in the newspaper, and in the absence of conclusive evidence and organizational conclusions, liu Yuxi, the head of the Red Army's anti-Japanese advance team in the north, who was killed by the enemy, was called a "traitor", which made Su Yu, who had personally experienced the defeat and capture of Liu Yuxi's soldiers in the Huaiyu Mountainous Area, very angry.
It all started with the Red Tenth Army.
In July 1934, the Red Seventh Army, led by Xun Huaizhou, Le Shaohua and Su Yu, was renamed the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army's Anti-Japanese Advance Team in the north, and went north through Fujian to the Fujian-Zhejiang-Anhui-Gansu Border Region, where it joined the Red Tenth Army led by Fang Zhimin to form the Red Tenth Army and establish a military and political committee chaired by Fang Zhimin.
The tasks of the newly formed Red Tenth Army were: The newly formed Nineteenth Division dispatched to the border of Zhejiang, Anhui, and Gansu to strike at the pursuing enemy and develop the New Soviet Zone; the 20th Division and the 21st Division remained in the Old Soviet Area of Fujian, Zhejiang, and Gansu to fight against the "encirclement and suppression" of the enemy and defend the Soviet Zone.
However, this combat task had not yet been carried out, and Chiang Kai-shek's troops and more than 200,000 people of the provincial security regiment began to encircle and suppress the Red Tenth Army, at this time, the Central Military Commission was under the leadership of Bogu and Li De, and the left-leaning ideology was serious. Faced with the situation encountered by the Red Tenth Army, the Central Military Commission sent a telegram ordering the Red Tenth Army to merge into one place and carry out a large corps movement.
This seemed obviously unrealistic to Su Yu, who was the chief of staff of the regiment at that time, because most of the soldiers of the Red Tenth Army were from guerrilla backgrounds and were not good at this way of fighting. However, at that time, Su Yuren was light-hearted and could not change the situation at that time, which laid the groundwork for the defeat of the Battle of Tanjiaqiao and the Battle of Huaiyushan later, and Su Yu recalled the scene decades later, and his heart was still very heavy. In 1973, Zhu De also commented on the lessons of the red tenth army, saying: If it is not organized, it will not collapse, guerrilla warfare cannot be fought in one formation, regular warfare cannot be fought, and experience is killed to turn the regular army into a guerrilla army.
At 10:00 a.m. on December 24, the Battle of Tanjiaqiao began, in which the Red 7th Army suffered casualties, not only more than 300 officers and men, but also the commander of the Red 19th Division, Xun Huaizhou, was a pioneer in the charge, and as a result, he was seriously wounded, and then died on the way to Jing County.
After that, after half a month of trekking, on January 9, 1935, the Red Tenth Army was transferred to Chashan Village in Sui'an County, western Zhejiang, at this time, a meeting was urgently needed to decide where the Red Tenth Army should go later.
At this meeting attended by cadres at and above the division level, two completely different views appeared: one was to divide the troops to fight guerrillas, and the other was to temporarily not divide the troops, return to the northeast of Gansu, and divide the troops after resting and recuperating. After all, in Su Yu's view, the reorganized Red Tenth Army, compared with the Kuomintang troops and the security regiment that "encircled and suppressed," had a huge disparity in strength, and when they fought a movement war, they would inevitably "make a big move," and moreover, this tree was not a real tree.
However, Su Yu was not a member of the Tenth Army Committee, did not have decision-making power, and even annoyed the leaders who advocated withdrawing to northeastern Jiangxi for recuperation, so the final decision of the Tea Mountain Conference was: the whole army went south and withdrew to the Northeastern Jiangsu Region. This decision set the stage for the devastating blow to the Tenth Army.
At this time, about 3,000 people of the Red Tenth Army marched toward the northeast of Gan, and in order to get rid of the enemy's encirclement, pursuit, and interception, Su Yu commanded his troops to advance through Maolin, Jing County, and Ningguo in Anhui to Guangde and Xuancheng, which made the encircling Kuomintang troops panic, afraid that the Red Tenth Army would march in the direction of Wuhu and Nanjing.
The team was divided into two parts, Su Yu led the first troops of more than 800 people, but the so-called vanguard troops, all of which were composed of logistics personnel, legionnaires, wounded and heavy machine gun companies without ammunition, had low combat effectiveness, Fang Zhimin accompanied Tanjiaqiao's wounded Liu Ying and Le Shaohua, but the military command was led by Su Yu; the other main force of more than 2,000 people was led by Liu Yuxi.
Su Yu was well aware of the risks faced by the troops at this time, and if they were not careful, they would be eaten by the Kuomintang troops, so the only way out was to rush out of the encirclement before the Kuomintang troops formed a siege.
Su Yu divided the vanguard into three combat companies, departed from Chashan Village on January 10, and arrived at Yanglin in Kaihua County on January 12, although the road also encountered Kuomintang interceptions, but they were all defused by Su Yu. Many people felt that Yang Lin was safe and could rest first, but Su Yu felt that he had not yet passed the blockade line and resolutely did not agree to rest. At Su Yu's insistence, the vanguard troops marched continuously, stepping on the ice ballast and snow trails, and in a single stroke, they passed through the border blockade line of Zhejiang and Gansu, which had not had time to close, and reached the port near the Fujian-Zhejiang-Gansu area, where everyone could rest, but the problem facing Su Yu was that the main force had not yet kept up.
The main force led by Liu Yuxi was about to suffer a devastating blow at this time because of another decision.
After Su Yu set out from Yanglin, Liu Yuxi led his troops to Yanglin, Liu Yuxi thought that the other side of the mountain was the Su area, coupled with the fact that the troops had been moving overnight, they were already very tired, so they camped in Yanglin to rest, and this day of rest eventually led to a big mistake, liu Yuxi's troops were surrounded, although it was the Soviet area within a few feet, but this small Soviet area on the outskirts of the Great Soviet Area could not support the encirclement and suppression of the Kuomintang.
The two sides fought fiercely in Xujia Village, and the battle lasted until the afternoon of January 14, when most of the main forces of the Tenth Army entered the Kaihua, Dexing, and Wuyuan Su areas on January 15.
Chiang Kai-shek sensed the intentions of the Red Tenth Army and immediately mobilized a large number of troops to encircle and suppress this Soviet area with a diameter of about 15 kilometers and a periphery of about 50 kilometers.
On January 16, Fang Zhimin and Su Yu decided to continue the troops, but at this time they received a notice from Liu Yuxi that the troops were only five miles away from here, but the personnel were extremely tired and could not go tonight.
This made Fang Zhimin and Su Yu very anxious, and it was very dangerous to rest at this time, and Fang Zhimin asked Su Yu to write a letter in his name to Liu Yuxi and Wang Ruyi, who was the commander of the 19th Division in Xunhuaizhou, who had taken over the sacrifice, and asked the signal soldiers to bring them back, and ordered that they must pass through the blockade line tonight without delay.
Su Yu felt that a letter could not necessarily change Liu Yuxi's decision-making, so Su Yu suggested that he return to the main force to assist Liu Yuxi in highlighting the encirclement overnight, but Fang Zhimin felt that Su Yu's seniority and position were difficult to change Liu Yuxi's decision, so he decided to go on his own, and as the chairman of the Military and Political Committee of the Red Tenth Army and the final decision of the political commissar, he persuaded Liu Yuxi to change the wrong decision and lead the troops to break through.
Fang Zhimin went and su Yu became a farewell forever.
The development of the war situation was just as Su Yu predicted, Liu Yuxi insisted on resting on the spot, delaying the best time to break through, and later when passing through the blockade line, he was not decisive, changed the direction of the breakthrough many times, and after several rounds of tossing, he still did not break through, and finally lost a few days of time.
Su Yu was deeply worried, and Su Yu sent cadres to form plainclothes clothes to meet them several times, but never contacted the main force.
The main force of the Red Tenth Army became difficult in the encirclement, division, and search and suppression of the Kuomintang troops, and only a small part of this unit eventually ran back to the Fujian-Zhejiang-Gansu region, and another small part broke through to southern Anhui to persist in the struggle, and the vast majority of the fighters died in the search and suppression.
Su Yu eventually waited for the news of the arrest of Fang Zhimin and Liu Yuxi, but this news was undoubtedly a thunderbolt on a sunny day for the vanguard troops who broke out, and Su Yu, after discussing with Liu Ying and Le Shaohua, decided not to announce this bad news, and continued to lead the troops to find the Fujian-Zhejiang-Gansu Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Military Region.
With his military talents and command skills, Su Yu preserved the backbone strength of more than 800 people in the Red Tenth Army. However, it was precisely because of the battle of Tanjiaqiao and the siege of huaiyu Mountain that Liu Yuxi's hesitation and improper command led to major revolutionary losses, so there was a storm of being slandered as a "traitor".
After the storm, Su Yu was very angry, and although Liu Yuxi made mistakes, Liu Yuxi's revolution was resolute.
Liu Yuxi, as a graduate of the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy, was gloriously wounded during the First Crusade and lost his left arm; in 1929, he went to study at the Frunze Military Academy in Moscow, and after returning to China, he went to the Soviet Union to serve as the commander of the Eighth Division of the Third Army of the Red First Army; he repeatedly made meritorious achievements in many anti-"encirclement and suppression" operations, and was known as a "one-armed general", and he could not draw conclusions about it just because of the defeat of the Red Tenth Army.
Su Yu believes that there is a world of difference between the mistakes of war command and the "traitors" and cannot be confused. Just at this time, Liu Yuxi's family wrote to Su Yu to report on his difficulties in life, and Su Yu wrote a letter to the Central Organization Department and the Propaganda Department on December 28, 1980, solemnly pointing out:
This issue, which concerns the political reputation of senior party cadres who have been killed, also affects their descendants. I think that on the great question of whether any comrade has ever rebelled, we must be very cautious, especially in the light of what has happened in the midst of ten years of catastrophe. In the absence of conclusive and sufficient evidence and conclusions by the corresponding organizations, personal memoirs should not be easily asserted, let alone published publicly, so as not to cause adverse consequences. Comrade Liu Yuxi, if the organization does not have conclusive materials, he should still be treated as a martyr.
Also sent was a letter from Liu Yuxi's relatives to Su Yu. Soon, Su Yu's letter attracted the attention of the Central Committee, and an article was published in the publications of the Propaganda Department in support of Su Yu's views.
Su Yu's objective and rigorous attitude undoubtedly had a great influence in the environment at that time, and this was the responsibility of a revolutionary!