Haruki Murakami's novels are accustomed to listing a variety of songs, paintings, movies, and literary works, and often unabashedly express their likes and dislikes for a certain work through the mouths of the characters in the work. On January 12, 2020, on the occasion of Haruki Murakami's 71st birthday, I specially went through all of Murakami's currently published novellas (including his debut novella "Listen to the Wind"), and sorted out all the literary works that appeared in Murakami's novels and related passages ("South of the Border, West of the Sun" and "After Dark" did not appear in literary works, so they were not listed).
There are some literary works that originally play an important metaphorical role in the book, such as "1984" in "1Q84", Kafka's "In the Penal Colony" in Kafka by the Sea" and Sophocles's "Oedipus King". And even if it does not bear the metaphorical connotation and only writes a book, Murakami can often make readers smile with only a few words of comment.
In addition, from these mentioned books, we can also glimpse Murakami's own reading taste. After all, whether the protagonist is a divorced middle-aged man or a strong fifteen-year-old teenager, whether he is a student, a freelance writer, a legal worker or a painter, they always have the characteristic of reading Dostoevsky, which is also too coincidental in this era of popular culture— if they are not all the protagonists in Murakami's novels.
I. "Listen to the Wind"
"Listen to the Wind" is The debut work of Haruki Murakami, which already has a distinct Murakami stylistic style, alert language, and a free structure, and is also the first part of Murakami's early "Youth Trilogy", with a total of six books mentioned in the book.
1. Flaubert's "Emotional Education"
"Why do you keep reading?"
I took a bite of the last remaining horse mackerel with the beer, cleaned up the dishes, picked up the "Emotional Education" that I had just read next to, and flipped through a few pages:
"Because Flaubert is already dead."
"Don't you read a living writer's book?"
"A living writer is worth nothing."
"How do you say that?"
"For those who die, I think it is generally forgivable." As I answered, I watched the replay of the program "Route 66" on the portable TV set at the counter.
——From the fifth subsection of "And Listen to the Wind"
2. Jules Mishley's The Witch
Half a month after my third girlfriend died, I read Michelet's Witch. Well written, there is this section:
Lemy, the excellent judge of the Lorraine Magistrate's Court, burned eight hundred witches to death. And he is still proud of this "politics of terror.". He said: "Because I have done justice everywhere, the ten people arrested a few days ago have taken the initiative to hang themselves without waiting for others to do so." (Translated by Koichiro Tada)
"Because I do justice everywhere", this sentence is very good.
- From subsection 21 of "And Listen to the Wind"
3. Nikos Kazantzakis, The Last Temptation of Christ (Translated by Lin Shaohua as Christ on the Cross Again)
At two o'clock, no more, no less, I drove in front of the jazz bar. I saw rats sitting on the roadside guardrail, reading Casazakis's Christ on the Cross Again.
—— From subsection 27 of "And Listen to the Wind"
4. Roman Rowland, "John Christopher"
I swear to the most sacred book in this room, the alphabetically printed telephone book: realistic, I am only realistic. Life is empty. But of course there is salvation.
For it was not completely empty at the time of its beginning. Rather, it is the one that we ourselves have worked so hard and so painstakingly that we have worn it down to the point of being completely hollowed out. As for how hard and how to wear, I will not describe them here. Because it's a hassle. If anyone wants to know anyway, then read John Christophe by Roman Rolland. Everything is written there.
—— From the thirty-second subsection of "And Listen to the Wind"
5. Tolstoy's War and Peace
He was often critical of Tolstoy's War and Peace. The problem, he said, was, of course, not in terms of quantity, but in the absence of a cosmic concept in it, so that the impression of the work was not harmonious enough. When he uses the term "cosmopolitanism," he mostly means that the work is "irredeemable."
6. Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov
Rat continues to write his novels. Several copies are sent every Christmas. Last year I wrote about a chef in the cafeteria of a mental hospital, and the previous year I wrote the story of a burlesque band based on "The Brothers Karamazov." His novels have never had sexual scenes, and none of the characters have died.
—— From subsection 39 of "And Listen to the Wind"
2. "Pinball in 1973"
The second part of the "Youth Trilogy" is also the story of "me" and "rat". The pinball symbolizes the past that is hard to forget and sometimes haunts our hearts all the time, the past is entangled in our bodies, and if we want to leave, we must find the past to say goodbye to him, this is a story about the pursuit, but also the story of farewell, as Murakami said: "Everything must have both an exit and an entrance, and there is no other choice." ”
In the seventh chapter, several books that the protagonist is translating are mentioned, and the Chinese version of the book is not found, so it is not listed. In addition, in this book, Murakami has a strong preference for Kant.
1. Kant's Critique of Pure Reason
I returned to my dorm room after work and read Critique of Pure Reason over and over again while drinking the delicious coffee the twins had poured.
……
Twice a week, two people wash their shirts lovingly in the bathroom. I read The Critique of Pure Reason in bed, and sometimes I looked up and saw the two men sitting naked and washing their shirts on the tiles. At this time, I really feel that I have really come to a distant place. I don't know why.
- From the first chapter of Pinball in 1973
Makes sense. I took off my clothes, picked up The Critique of Pure Reason and a box of cigarettes and slipped into the duvet. The inner part of the hair has a hint of the sun. Kant is still so outstanding.
- From Chapter 7 of Pinball in 1973
"Say a prayer."
"Prayer?" I screamed.
"Funeral, pray."
"I didn't expect that." I said, "Not a single sentence is readily available." ”
"Anything."
"Nothing more than form."
I braved the rain that poured from the top of my head to the tip of my toes, scavenging for the right words. The twins looked uneasily at me and the switchboard.
"The duty of philosophy," I moved out of Kant, "is to dispel illusions arising from misunderstanding ... Switchboard yo, rest in peace at the bottom of the reservoir!"
- From The Pinball of 1973, Chapter 11
2. Defoe's Robinson Crusoe
"Nothing hot to drink?" she asked.
I shook my head, nothing, I said. No coffee no coarse tea, no pot. There is only a small pot that is used to boil water whiskers every morning. She stood up with a sigh, said something and waited, and walked out of the room. Five minutes later, fold back with a cardboard box in both hands. The box contained half a pound of bags of black and green tea, two bags of biscuits, caster sugar, a kettle and a set of utensils, and two large glasses with Snoopy comics printed on them. She placed the carton heavy on the bed and boiled water in a pot.
"How the hell are you living your days?" Isn't it Robinson Crusoe? ”
"It's not very tasteful."
"Presumably."
- From Chapter 5 of Pinball in 1973
3. Jane Webster's Uncle Longfoot
In this way, the two were no longer 208 and 209, but became olive green crewneck cardigans and beige cardigans. Neither complained. In addition, they were given socks and new lightweight sneakers. I felt like I had become Uncle Longfoot (Uncle Longfoot: The protagonist of an American novel who likes to take care of girls).
- From Chapter 18 of Pinball in 1973
III. "Adventure of Finding Sheep"
The third part of the "Youth Trilogy". For the first time in the novel, it intervenes directly with reality, introducing a universal symbol of "evil" that implies a critique of right-wing history and the reality of advanced capitalism.
The book "History of the Town of Twelve Falls" mentioned in the book does not find a specific source.
1. Ginsburg's Collected Poems of Ginsburg
The coffee in her cup was often cold, and the ashtray was often piled high with cigarette butts. The title of the book has changed back and forth. Sometimes it's Mickey Spyler, sometimes it's Kenzaburo Oe, sometimes it's Ginsburg Poetry. In short, as long as it is a book. The students who came in and out of the café lent her books, and she read them one after another like a corn cob. At that time, everyone wanted to lend books to others, and I thought that she had never been embarrassed about reading books.
——From the first chapter of The Adventure of finding sheep
2. Proust's "Remembrance of The Age of Water"
Grew up in a city that is not worth mentioning, and never graduated from primary and secondary schools that are not worth mentioning. Hours of silence, grown up bored. Met a girl who is not worth mentioning, and has a first love that is not worth mentioning. He came to Tokyo at the age of 18 when he went to college. After coming out of college, I opened a small translation office with my friends and had a good meal. About 3 years ago, I got involved in PR publications and advertising, and this aspect is also going well. I met a girl who worked for a company, got married 4 years ago, and left two months ago. The reasons are hard to say. Get an old cat. Smoke 40 cigarettes a day, and you can't quit. There are 3 suits and 6 ties, as well as 500 obsolete records. All the names of the prisoners in Ellari Quinn's novels are remembered, and Proust's "Remembrance of the Lost Water" is not lacking, but only half of it is read. Drink beer in the summer and whiskey in the winter.
3. Conan Doyle's Detective Sherlock Holmes
As soon as 6:00 a.m., she got dressed, combed her hair in the bathroom mirror, sprayed floral lotion on her body, and brushed her teeth. During this time I sat on the couch and read the Book of Sherlock Family Events, which began with this: "My friend Watterson's ideas, although confined to a narrow scope, are extremely stubborn. "The beginning is abrupt.
——From chapter 6 of The Adventure of finding sheep
4. Melville's Moby Dick
"That's right." He expressed understanding, "Your profession seems to be very interesting. “
"That's not it either."
"It's kind of Moby Dick."
"Beluga whales?" I asked.
"It's beluga whales. Find out what is interesting homework. “
"Mammoth?" My girlfriend asked.
"Yes. Everything is the same. "I named this place DOLQHINHOTEL because there are dolphins in Melville's Moby Dick." ”
—— From Chapter 7 of The Adventure of the Sheep Hunt
5&6 Protak's Biography of Greco-Roman Celebrities (also translated as Biography of the Heroes of Plutarch), Selected Greek Plays
There were also books published after the war, but they were similar in terms of value. Only the Heroes of Plutarch and Selected Greek Plays, as well as several other novels, have survived the weathering. Even something like this can be of great use in the long winter months. Either way, it was the first time I had seen worthless books so instilled.
4. "The End of the World and Cold Wonderland"
Murakami was the first novel to use the technique of crossing lines, a technique that has appeared in many of his subsequent works. He creates two different worlds that present very different moods, one symbolizing the cold era of the rule of technological reason, and the other symbolizing the idyllic fantasy of romantic poetry.
1.H· G. Wells, "Time Traveler"
The pocket book she had begun to read on the table was like a sleeping bunny lying on her stomach. The book is H. The second volume of G. Wells's biography, The Time Traveler. It didn't seem to be a library, it was her own book.
- From the seventh verse of The End of the World and Cold Wonderland
2. Borges's Imaginary Animals (Lin Shaohua's Translation of the Codex of Espers)
I roughly flipped it before I came. Simply put, the book (which she holds in her hand, she holds the Dictionary of Espers) considers unicorns to be the product of people's fantasies like dragons and mermaids.
- From verse 9 of The End of the World and Cold Wonderland
3. Conan Doyle, "The Lost World"
"The first thing to do is to isolate the activity place to prevent other animals from invading." I said, "For example, the plot rises high and bulges like in Conan Doyle's Lost World, or sinks deeply, or is surrounded by a high wall like a periphery mountain." ”
4&5. Turgenev's "Rothin", Hemingway's "Spring Tide"
And obeying the doctor's advice, he leaned on the bed to read Turgenev's "Rotin". I wanted to see "Spring Tide". But it took a lot of tossing and turning to find this book in this ruined room, and when you think about it, "Spring Tide" is not much better than "Luo Ting".
The first time I watched "Rotin" was in college, it was 15 years ago. I reread the book 15 years later with a bandage around my waist. Between the re-readings, I realized that I had begun to feel similarly kind to Luo Ting than before. Man cannot correct his own shortcomings. The spleen was a foregone conclusion before the age of 25, and no amount of effort has been able to change its essence since then. The problem is that people tend to stick to the outside world's reactions to their own temperament. It was also through drunkenness that I had some sympathy for Luo Ting.
— From verse 15 of The End of the World and Cold Wonderland
6. Turgenev's "87 Sub-Bureau"
The characters in Dostoevsky's novels are hardly sympathetic, and Turgenev's protagonist is immediately sympathetic. I even sympathize with the characters who appear in the 87 Series novels. This is probably because I have many shortcomings in human nature. People with many shortcomings often sympathize with people who have the same shortcomings. The shortcomings of Dostoevsky's characters are often difficult to regard as shortcomings, so I cannot pour out one hundred percent sympathy for their shortcomings. The shortcomings of Tolstoy's characters are often too obvious and too static.
7. Stendhal's "The Red and the Black"
In short, I seem to like to look at works that are behind the times. How many young people in this day and age are watching The Red and the Black? Anyway, reading it again sympathized with Jullien Sorrell. The fact that In Julien Sorrell's shortcomings were decided before the age of 15, I also felt sympathy. The various elements of life are fixed at the age of 15, which is also very unbearable for others. The same goes for him to throw himself into prison. Curled up in the four-walled world, he was constantly marching toward destruction.
8. Balzac's "The Farmer"
As I drained the bath and toured the room, the fat girl lay in bed watching Balzac's The Peasant.
— From The End of the World and Cold Wonderland, verse 31
9. Byron's Don Juan
After thinking about it, I finally came to the conclusion that it would be more logical to assume that I would die in a little more than 24 hours. And if you think that you are moving to the immortal country, things will inevitably be like "Don Juan's Testament".
— From the thirty-third verse of The End of the World and Cold Wonderland
10&11. Sartre's The Outsider, Maugham's Blade (Lin Shaohua's translation as The Shaver)
"The phrase 'no wonder I'm' is the mantra of the protagonist of The Outsider, probably. What's the man's name? Uh-huh"
"Mrusson." I say.
"Yes, it's Mrusson." She repeated, "I read it in high school. Today's high school students don't read The Outsider at all. Recently the library did a survey. What kind of writer do you like? ”
"Turgenev."
"Turgenev is not a very great writer, and he is behind the times."
"Maybe." I said, "But I like it, Flaubert and Hardy are pretty good." ”
"New don't look?"
"Maugham reads it sometimes."
"Maugham is a new writer? Few people think so now. She leaned over the wine glass and said, "It's like not having a Geldmann record in a coin-operated jukebox." ”
"But it's interesting. I read "Scraper" three times. Although it is not very good, it is much better to read it than to do the opposite. ”
——From the thirty-fifth verse of The End of the World and Cold Wonderland
12. Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov
"Read The Brothers Karamazov?" I asked.
"Read it. I read it once a long time ago. ”
"Advise you to read it again. There are a lot of things written in the book. Towards the end of the novel, Alyosha says to a young student named Koria Krasotkin: 'Hey, Coria, you will be a very unfortunate person in the future.' But in general, it is still necessary to bless life. ’”
I drank dry 2nd can of beer. After a moment's hesitation, he opened the 3rd can of beer.
"Alyosha knows a lot." I said, "But as I read it, I had a lot of questions: Is it possible to bless a very unhappy life in general?" ”
I closed my eyes and tried to think of the names of the three brothers in Brothers Karamazov: Dmitry, Ivan, Alyosha, and the half-brother Smerdyakov. How many people can say the names of their brothers in "Brothers Karamazov" in one breath? ”
—From verse 39 of The End of the World and Cold Wonderland
13. Conrad's "Grandpa Jim"
As I stared, I couldn't help but feel like a leaf boat floating on the surface of the vast sea. The wind and waves are calm, but I am quietly floating in them. There always seems to be something special about the boat floating in the sea—it was Conrad who said that. Speaking of the storm attack on the ship in "Lord Jim".
V. Norwegian Forests
Haruki Murakami is best known for his book, and it was murakami's first work that did not use magic. The book has an extremely important "private nature", and the protagonist Watanabe's reading taste is very similar to Murakami himself.
1. Arpadayku"Centauri Constellation
For me at the age of 18, the most appreciated book was Apoldayku's Centauri. But over the course of repeated reading, it gradually loses its original luster.
- From the third chapter of Norwegian Woods
2. Fitzgerald, "The Great Gatsby"
The Great Gatsby has always been a great work for me. When I was excited, I habitually pulled "The Great Gatsby" from the bookshelf, opened a page with my bare hands, read a paragraph, and did not disappoint me once, and none of the pages were interesting. What a wonderful masterpiece! I really want to tell someone the magic of it. But looking around, no one had ever read The Great Gatsby, not even anyone who wanted to! In 1968, reading Fitzgerald's work was, though not reactionary, and ultimately not an act worth advocating.
One day, as I sat in the morning sun in my cafeteria and watched The Marvelous Gatsby, he sat down next to me and asked me what I was reading. I said read The Great Gatsby. "Interesting?" he asked. I've read through it three times, and the more I read it, the more interesting parts I find it.
"If someone reads The Great Gatsby three times, it's like they can be my friend." He said to himself as if to himself. We did become friends. This is in October.
3. Euripides's Elektra
"Euripides." She was succinct, "Elektra said, 'No, even God doesn't want to hear the confessions of the unfortunate.'" Didn't the class just finish? ”
I examined her face closely, and she took off her sunglasses. I finally recognized it: a first-grade girl I had met in the "History of Drama II" class. It's just that the hairstyle has suddenly changed and can't be recognized.
- From chapter 4 of Norwegian Woods
4. Thomas Mann's "Magic Mountain"
I was dressed, shaved again last night, and was intently watching Thomas Mann's Magic Mountain.
- From chapter 5 of Norwegian Woods
Reiko's eyes fell on the book I had just read, and asked what book I was reading, and I said it was Thomas Mann's Magic Mountain.
"How to bring this kind of book to this place on purpose?" Reiko said with disgust. To say this to her, I think it is the same.
- From Chapter VI of Norwegian Woods
5.J· D. Salinger, "The Catcher in the Rye"
Reiko curled up the wrinkles in the corners of her eyes and stared at my face for a long time: "You are a person, the way you speak is quite strange." She said, "Is it a parody of the boy in Catcher in the Rye?" ”
"Where to start?" I laughed.
6. Marx's Capital
"Have you read Capital?" Midoriko asked.
"Read it, of course not all of it, like most people."
"Got it?"
"There are those who can understand it and those who can't understand it, and if you want to really understand Capital, you must master the systematic way of thinking related to it." Of course, I think I can still basically understand Marxism as a whole. ”
- From Chapter 7 of Norwegian Woods
7. Faulkner's "August Light"
The noisy Sunday streets soothe my heart. I bought a copy of Faulkner's August Lights at kii Kuniya Bookstore, which was as crowded as a commuter train.
8. Hesse "Under the Wheel"
I drank a beer while looking at the kitchen table at Under the Wheel. When I first read this book, I was in junior high school. That is to say, 8 years later, I was in the kitchen of a teenage girl's house, reading the same book in the middle of the night in the pajamas that her late father had worn, which were not large enough. I always feel that some ghosts have sent God, and if it were not for this situation, I am afraid that I would not have reread any "Under the Wheel" for the rest of my life.
But then again, "Under the Wheel" is a good novel, although it is outdated in some places.
- From Chapter IX of Norwegian Forests
VI. "Dance Dance"
The novel continues many of the characteristics of Norwegian Woods, such as large, interesting and witty character gossip. Murakami clarifies his critique of the real situation of advanced capitalism, and at the same time, as the final chapter of the story of me, rats and sheep men since the "Youth Trilogy", this novel also inherits the portrayal and discussion of loneliness and nothingness in the "Youth Trilogy".
1. Kerouac "On the Road"
This kind of beauty evokes in the other person a certain uneasy emotion, probably because the beauty is too subtle. "TALKING HEADS" – Pretty nice band name, much like a section title from Keller Valk's novel.
- From the fifteenth verse of "Dance dance"
2. Faulkner's "Noise and Commotion"
I'm afraid it's just bad luck, I've come to this conclusion. Read the newspaper, take Faulkner's pocket novel "Noise and Commotion" from your travel bag and read it. Faulkner and Philip K. Dick's novels are very easy to understand when they are nervously tired when they look at a few pages.
3. Kafka's "Judgment"
"So, you've been reading a book after dinner alone?" The fisherman asked again.
"Pack up the dishes before you look."
"What book?"
"Kafka's 'Trial,' maybe you don't believe it."
The fisherman wrote Kafka's Judgment on paper. The word "judgment" is not written accurately, and literature teaches from the side. Unsurprisingly, literature did know about The Judgment.
- From the twenty-first verse of "Dance dance"
4. Lewis Carroll, Alice in Wonderland
In contrast, the tea party held by the crazy owner of the hat shop in "Alice in Wonderland" is a hundred times better. Although the banquet was not well organized, there was vitality and action after all.
—— From the thirty-seventh verse of "Dance Dance"
VII. "Strange Bird Behavior"
"Strange Bird Journey" is an extremely important work by Haruki Murakami, in which he confronts history and explores the issues of history and violence. Translator Lin Shaohua called Murakami "an all-out assault on so-called literary authority after entering middle age."
1. Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov
I began to summarize my own external characteristics. What are my external characteristics?
Thirty years old. Height 172 cm, weight 63 kg, short hair. No glasses. No, no, this is not a feature in any case, I thought as I introduced. For people with such appearance, there are probably as many as 50 people in the café of the Shinagawa Pacific Hotel. I've been there once before, and it's a very spacious coffee house. I am afraid that it will take more unusual and eye-catching features. But I can't think of any characteristics like that. I have Sketches of Spain signed by Miles Davis. The pulse beat is quite slow, usually 47 times a minute, and only 70 times when the fever is 38.5 degrees. unemployment. The names of the brothers in "The Brothers Karamazov" are remembered as rotten. However, this is of course not visible from the outside. ”
—— From the third verse of the Strange Bird Journey
2. Swift's "Gulliver's Travels"
"Only the name. Phone numbers and addresses were not necessary for me. Because no one calls me, I call others. "
"That's the way it is." I say. This meaningless tone of echo floats for a long time like an island suspended in the air in Gulliver's Travels.
3. Hemingway's Farewell, Weapon
I remember reading a story somewhere in the past about a man who waited for something and kept eating. After thinking about it for half a day, I finally remembered that it was Hemingway's pseudo-"Farewell, Weapon". The protagonist (name forgotten) crosses the border from Italy in a dinghy to Reitau, where he waits for his wife to give birth in a small Swiss town. From time to time, I walked into the café opposite the hospital to eat and drink. The plot of the novel is almost forgotten, and the only scene that clearly remembers the end is that the protagonist eats one after another while waiting for his wife to give birth in a foreign country. I remember this scene because I feel that there is a strong authenticity here. It is more literaryly authentic than the unusual surge of appetite due to restlessness, I think.
However, what is really waiting for the clock hands in this cold and deserted home is different from "Farewell, Weapon", which is completely out of appetite. At such a time, I suddenly felt that I could not get an appetite, probably because I lacked a literary authenticity factor in myself.
- From verse 14 of the Strange Birds
4. Nikos. Kazanzakis "Zorbas" (Lin Shaohua translated as "Greek Zorba")
For various political reasons, Greece was the last to gain independence from Turkey. Perhaps for this reason, customs and customs are slightly different from other Greek territories. The martial arts were strong and famous for their tenacious anti-German movements during World War II. Gasan Zakis wrote the novel "Greek Zorba" on the stage of Krita Island. That's all I could get from my travel guidebooks.
- From verse 28 of the Strange Bird's Journey
5. Judith Dean, "Aladdin and the Lamp"
Ushikawa rubbed his face very carefully with the palm of his hand and said, "Chagrin, Mr. Okada, I don't know about that kind of thing." As I said at the beginning, I am nothing more than an indifferent carrier pigeon. Call the master, drink and make me do this, I will just do it. And it's almost all a hassle. When I was a child, I read "Aladdin and the Lamp" and remembered to be very sympathetic to the lamp that was driven by others. I didn't expect to grow up and become that role, and I was very saccharine, and I was soaked up. But in any case, this is my message, Mr. Miangu Sheng's intention. It's your freedom to choose which one. How is it? What kind of answer should I bring back? ”
- From verse 48 of the Strange Birds
VIII. "Sputnik Lover"
Sputnik Lover is a work that pushes Murakami's early stylistic style to the extreme, and there are novel metaphors, intricate sentence patterns and intricate and exquisite embellishments everywhere. It may be overly carved, but it is really unique.
1. Kerouac,"On the Road", "Lone traveler"
When he first met Min, he talked about Jack Kerouac. The novel of the representative of the "Beat Generation"). She was falling headfirst in kerouac's fictional world. She regularly changed literary icons, and at that time it was the turn of the somewhat "unpredicted" Kerouac. I always carry "On the Road" or "Lonely Traveler" in my jacket pocket and turn a few pages whenever I have time. One of the most touching things for her was the words of the mountain man in "The Lonely Traveler". Kerouac lived for three months in a cabin at the top of an isolated mountain as a shadow watcher. Violet quotes this subsection:
In one's lifetime, one should go into the wilderness to experience a healthy and not unbearable absolute loneliness, so as to discover oneself who can only rely on absolute loneliness, and then know the true energy of one's own potential.
"Don't you think that's wonderful?" She said to me, "Every day, I stand at the top of the mountain, turn around three hundred and sixty degrees, and look around to make sure that there is no fire smoke rising anywhere." That's a little bit of work for a day. The rest of the time is just reading books and writing novels. At night, there are big plush black bears wandering around the hut. That was the life I dreamed of. In contrast, the literature and art major in the university has become a cucumber. ”
- From "Sputnik Lovers"
2.Natsume Soseki Sanshiro
During my first summer vacation in college, I traveled to Hokuriku on a whim, met a woman who was eight years older than me, who was also traveling alone, on an electric train, and spent the night feeling a bit like the beginning of Sanshiro.
3. Charlotte Brontë,"Jane Eyre"
Violet smiled satisfactorily, "The size puzzle is exactly the same." Dresses, shirts, skirts, everything is just right. It's just that the waist size should be tightened a little, but it is not a problem to tie a belt. Shoes, which happened to be about the same as Min's, took a few pairs of shoes she didn't want, high heels, low heels, summer sandals... It's all Italian names. I also took the sheep and asked for a handbag, and the makeup was also a little bit. ”
"Like Jane Eyre." I say.
4. Homer's Odyssey
"Well, I'm back." Oh said, the voice is very calm, very clear. "This and that took a lot of trouble, but finally came back." If homer's Odyssey were to be made into an abbreviated version of the Five Crosses, that's what I did. ”
IX. "Kafka by the Sea"
Kafka by the Sea is also a two-line structure, full of rich metaphors and philosophical dialogues, and also implements his reflection and criticism of history and violence. As the title gives us, Murakami mentions a large number of literary works in Kafka by the Sea through the actions and dialogues of the characters, which have important works for understanding the works themselves, and they form their own system of metaphors.
1. "One Thousand and One Nights"
Finally, I picked out one of the beautifully bound editions of Barton's One Thousand and One Nights and took it to the reading room. This is a book I've wanted to read for a long time. I was the only one in the library reading room that had just opened. I can monopolize this elegant room.
As I sat on the couch and looked around, I realized that this room was exactly the place I had been seeking for a long time. I was undoubtedly looking for a place as quiet as a pit in the world, but so far it was only a virtual secret place.
——From the fifth chapter of Kafka by the Sea
I went to the reading room and watched Barton's version of One Thousand and One Nights. As always, once I sink my heart and turn the pages, I can't stop halfway through. Barton's version of One Thousand and One Nights contains the same story as the children's version I used to see in the library, but the story itself is very long, and the illustrations are so detailed that it doesn't look like the same story at all. Much more allure. Lewd, cluttered, pornographic and inexplicable stories abound. However, it was filled with the free and unrestrained vitality that could not be contained by the framework of common sense (like the god who drilled into the lamp of God), and this grasped my heart. These absurd and bizarre stories made up more than a thousand years ago are much more vivid and realistic than the countless faceless men and women who flock to the station without faces. Why is this happening? I think it's incredible.
——From Chapter 7 of Kafka by the Sea
2. Plato's "Drinking Chapter" (Lin Shaohua translated as "Feast")
"According to Aristophanes in Plato's Feast, there are three kinds of people in the ancient mythological world." Oshima said, "This knows? ”
"I don't know."
"In ancient times, the world was not made up of men and women, but of men and women and women. That is to say, one person uses the material of two people today. Everyone is satisfied with this and lives in peace. Unexpectedly, God used a sharp knife to split everyone in half, and split Liliso. As a result, there are only men and women in the world, and in order to find the other half that should be, people begin to look left and right, and they are afraid that they will not be able to live forever. ”
3. The Bible
Splitting a man in half? I don't know why this ——,. The things God does are basically incomprehensible. Throwing tantrums at every turn, and sometimes too — how to say — idealistic tendencies. If I imagine, it's probably some kind of punishment, like the biblical exile of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden.
4. Kafka's "Castle", "Judgment", "Metamorphosis", "In exile"
"Needless to say, have you seen several of Franz Kafka's works?"
I nodded, "The Castle, The Lawsuit, The Metamorphosis, and the story of the strange execution machine." ”
"'In exile,'" Oshima said, "I love this one. There are many writers in the world, but no one can write such a story except Kafka. ”
"I also like the one of the short stories the most."
"Really?"
I nodded.
"What place?"
I thought about it. It takes time to think.
"Comparing the force diagram to describe the situation in which we are in the middle, Kafka wants to explain the complex machine purely mechanically. That is to say..." I pondered for a moment, "that is, he can explain in this way more truly than anyone what we are in." It is not so much a narrative of the situation as to say that he is expounding the details of the machine. ”
5. Natsume Soseki,"YuMeiren Grass", "Miner"
"What did you see after coming here?"
"It's 'Yu MeirenCao' now, it was Miner before that."
"The Miner?" Oshima seems to be combing through vague memories, "I remember telling the story of a student in Tokyo who worked in a mine for accidental reasons, mixed with miners to experience cruel labor, and returned to the outside world." novelette. I read it a long time ago. The content is not much like Shushi's works, and the text is also rough, generally speaking, it is the worst evaluation in Shushi's works... What do you find interesting? ”
I tried to appeal to tangible words what I had previously felt vaguely about the novel, but the assignment required the help of a young man named Crow. He flew out of nowhere with his wings out of nowhere and found some words for me.
Although the protagonist is the son of a rich family, he has caused a love storm and cannot end it, so he is discouraged and runs away from home. Between aimless runs, a strangely behaved miner asks him if he should be a miner, and he follows him to the foot tailings copper mine to work, down to the deep underground, where he experiences labor that is unimaginable. In other words, the sons and sons who are not familiar with the world crawl around in places similar to the lowest level of society. I drank the milk and scraped the next words. The boy named The Crow would take some time to return, but Oshima waited patiently.
"It was a life-or-death experience. Later, the good villain left and returned to life outside the well. As for what lessons the protagonist learned from that experience, whether his attitude towards life has changed as a result, whether he has thought deeply about life, and whether he has doubts about social forms... None of these works were written, and there was almost nothing like a bone that he grew up as a human being. After reading it, I had an inexplicable feeling - what exactly was this novel trying to say? But how to say it, this 'I don't know what to say' part strangely remains in the heart. It's hard to put it clearly. ”
"What you want to say is that the formation of the novel 'Miner' is very different from the so-called modern upbringing novel like 'Sansilang', right?"
I nodded, "Well, it's too hard for me to understand, maybe that's the case." Sanshiro grows up in the story. Hit the wall, think hard after hitting the wall, and strive to cross the past. Not bad, right? The protagonist of "Miner" is completely different, and he just looks at what appears in front of him endlessly and accepts it unchanged. There are certainly temporary feelings and the like, but they are not particularly serious things, or it is better to say that he is always looking back at the love affair he has made with a frown. At least on the surface, there is not much difference between his state when he goes down the well and after he leaves the well. That is, he hardly ever made a judgment or choice on his own. How to say it, he lives very passively. But here's what I think: It's actually very difficult for people to choose between their own strength. ”
"So you've somehow overlapped yourself to the protagonist of Miner?"
I shook my head, "That's not what I meant, I didn't even think about it that way." ”
"But man has to attach himself to something to survive." Oshima said, "Can't help it. You can't help but unconsciously follow suit. As Goethe said, everything in the world is a metaphor. ”
I thought about it.
Oshima took a sip of his coffee from his cup and said, "In any case, your opinion about Soseki's Miner is still very interesting, especially as the idea of a teenager who actually ran away from home sounds particularly convincing." Would love to read it again. ”
- From Kafka by the Sea, chapter 13
6.Natsume Soseki's Heart, Sanshiro
"A work of imperfection strongly appeals to people's hearts because of its imperfections—at least strongly to a certain person's hearts." For example, you are attracted to Shushi's "Miner". Because there is an appeal there that perfect works like "Heart" and "Sanshiro" don't have. You find that work. In other words, that work found you. The same is true of Schubert's Sonata in D major, which has a way of plucking heartstrings that is only found in that work. ”
7. Shakespeare's Macbeth
"The song is over." As he spoke, Jonnie Walker held out his blood-stained hands toward Nakata, "Don't you think this job is done beautifully?" Of course, being able to eat alive is considered extra fast, but it is really enough to make it so full of blood every time. 'The rolling waves, the blue sea, as long as you dip your hands in it, it will also be a bright red color' - the line in "Macbeth". It's not as serious as Macbeth, but the laundry fee is not a small amount. After all, it is a special dress. Putting on a surgical gown and gloves is convenient, but it can't be that way. This is also what the so-called destiny is. ”
Jonny Walker scoffed, "Man is no longer human. He repeated: "You are no longer you." Yes, Jun Nakata, well said! Anyway, that's the key. 'Ah, my heart is full of poisonous scorpions!' This is also the line of Macbeth. ”
- From Kafka by the Sea, chapter 16
8. Sophocles 'Erlechtra'
The two were as silent as an iceberg juxtaposed.
"Sophocles's Elektra." I watched it many times. And by the way: the word gender is ultimately a grammatical sex, denoting physical sex I think it's more accurate to use sex. The use of gender for such occasions is misuse – in terms of linguistic details. ”
- From Kafka by the Sea, chapter 19
9. Sophocles, "King Oedipus"
"The advantages are generated by leverage. Do you understand what I mean? Man is dragged into a greater tragedy not by his shortcomings, but by his merits. Sophocles's King of Otivas is a case in point. King Otibus did not bring him tragedy because of his laziness and stupidity, but precisely because of his bravery and integrity. So here arises the unavoidable irony. ”
— From Kafka by the Sea, chapter 21
10.Murasaki Shikibu, Genji's Object
"That's called 'living.' Foreign countries I don't know, but Japan appears repeatedly in literary works. For example, The Tale of Genji is full of living spirits. In the inner world of the people of the Heian period, at least in the Heian period, people could be born on certain occasions to wander in space and fulfill their wishes. Read The Tale of Genji? ”
I shook my head.
"There are several modern translations in this library, so you might as well read them. For example, Hikari's lover Rokujō Mitsuru was strongly jealous of Aoi Masamune, and under the torture of this jealousy, he turned into an evil spirit attached to her and sneaked into Aoi's palace every night, and finally tossed Aoi to death. Aoi is pregnant with Genji's son, and it was this message that activated the six switches that Mitsuki hated. The Light Source Clan recruited monks in an attempt to drive away evil spirits through prayer, but because the jealousy was too strong, no means could stop it. ”
However, the most interesting thing about this plot is that the Rokujō Gosho is not aware of the fact that it has become a living spirit. When she woke up from the nightmare and found her long black hair stained with the smell of burning that she had never smelled before, she was completely overwhelmed. It was the smell of the incense that burned when the curse was on the Aoi. She crossed the space through the deep tunnel of consciousness to the Aoi Upper Residence in the time she did not even realize. Rokujō Michisho later learned that it was his own unintentional act, so he broke off his home out of fear of his deep karmic obstacles.
The so-called strange world is the darkness of our own hearts. The nineteenth century produced Freud and Jung, casting an analytical light on our deep consciousness. Until then, those two dark correlations are self-evident facts, not even metaphors, for people to think about them one by one. If you go back further, it's not even correlation. Before Edison invented the electric light, most of the world was shrouded in uncompromising darkness, and the physical darkness on its exterior blended with the darkness of the soul inside, intimately, and that was it—" said Oshima, holding his hands together, "In the age of the Purple Ministry, the so-called living spirit was both a strange phenomenon and at the same time a state of extremely natural mind that was close to it. Considering those two kinds of darkness separately was probably impossible for people at the time. But the world we live in today is no longer what it is. The darkness of the outer world has disappeared completely, but the darkness of the heart has remained almost unchanged. What we call self or consciousness is like an iceberg, most of which still sinks into the realm of darkness, and this deviation sometimes creates deep contradictions and confusion in us. ”
— From Kafka by the Sea, chapter 23
11.Akinari Ueda, Rain and Moon Objects
"The question is hard and I don't answer well. I can only say that I have never seen such a concrete example. For example, the story of the 'Covenant of Chrysanthemums' in "The Tale of the Rainy Moon", have you read it? ”
"Nothing." I say.
"The Tale of the Rain Moon" is a work written by Akinari Ueda in the late Edo period, but set in the Sengoku period. In this sense, Akinari Ueda is a retrospective or nostalgic person.
"The two samurai became friends and became brothers. This is a very important relationship for the samurai, because to be a brother means to live and die together, and to give his life for the other person is to become a righteous brother.
"The two of them live far apart, each with its own master, one saying that when the chrysanthemums bloom, whatever happens will come to visit, and the other saying that then I will wait for you." Unexpectedly, the samurai who was scheduled to visit a friend became involved in a dispute within the domain and was reduced to imprisonment, forbidden to go out and send letters. Soon after, summer passed, autumn gradually deepened, and it was time for chrysanthemums to bloom. If this continues, it will be impossible to fulfill the agreement with friends, and for the samurai, the agreement is more important than anything. Nobuyoshi is more important than life, and the samurai commits suicide by caesarean section, becomes a ghost and runs a thousand miles to a friend's house, talks with his friend in front of the chrysanthemum, and then disappears from the ground. The writing is very beautiful. ”
"But in order to become a spirit he must die."
"That's right." Oshima said, "It seems that man cannot be made alive for the sake of faith and friendship under any circumstances." Only one dead. Man has to give up his life for faith, affection, and friendship in order to become a spirit, and what makes it possible to live as a spirit is still, as far as I know, still an evil heart, a dark thought. ”
12. Bergson, Matter and Memory
"Matter and Memory." Haven't read it? ”
"I don't think so." Hoshino thought about it. Except for the "Lessons on the Operation of Special Vehicles of the Ground Self-Defense Forces", which was forced to be read during the SDF period (except for the history and customs of Shikoku that I had been consulting in the library for two days), I remember only reading manga weekly. ”
- From Kafka by the Sea, chapter 28
13. Shakespeare's Hamlet
"Yes, I think so." Oshima replied, "Assuming that there is no such situation at all, our lives will probably become boring." Beethoven said: 'If you end your life without reading Hamlet, then you are spending your life in the depths of the coal mine.' ’”
- From Kafka by the Sea, Chapter 40
10. "1Q84"
As can be seen from the title, the book was influenced by George Orwell's 1984. In this book, Murakami attempts to portray a modern totalitarian religion. In addition, Murakami has talked about his desire to write "1Q84" as a "comprehensive novel" like Dostoevsky's "Brothers Karamazov." Both books appear in the book, and notable references include Proust's Remembrance of a Time like Water.
1. Dickens, "Orphans of the Mist"
This possibility was both a nightmare and a great hope for Tengo as a teenager. He read Dickens's novels voraciously. The first book he read was Orphans of the Mist, and since then he has been fascinated by Dickens and has read almost all of dickens's works in the library's collection. He immersed himself in such a world of stories, while indulging in all kinds of imaginations about his own life.
——From chapter 14 of the first part of "1Q84"
2&3&4. Former President Shinano "The Tale of the Heike Family", Gen takakuni "Tale of The Past and Present", Mori Ouwai "Doctor Yamanake"
"What's your favorite novel?"
"The Tale of the Pingjia Family."
Brilliant answer! Tengo thought to himself. "What do you like about The Tale of pingjia?"
"All."
"Besides?"
"The Tale of The Past and Present."
"Don't you read modern literature?"
I thought about it for a while. "Doctor Pepper."
Wonderful. Mori Ouwai wrote "Doctor Pepper" in the early Taisho period, which is what she considers modern literature.
——From Chapter 16 of the first part of "1Q84"
5. George Orwell, "1984"
The teacher looked at his hands for a moment, then lifted his face and said, "George Orwell portrayed a dictator named 'Big Brother' in 1984, you know. This is certainly an allegorical allegory of totalitarianism, and the word Big Brother has since become a social icon at work. This is to Orwell's credit. But by the time of 1984, Big Brother had become overly famous and could be seen through at a glance. If Big Brother were here at the moment, we would probably point at him and say, 'Watch out, that guy is Big Brother.' In other words, in this real world, Big Brother has no drama. But instead, this little man appeared. Don't you think these two words are an interesting contrast? ”
——From Chapter 18 of the first part of "1Q84"
6. Chekhov's "Sakhalin Island"
After a long time, he pulled out Chekhov's "Sakhalin Island", which he had just finished reading last week. Because he has labeled it where he is deeply interested, I am afraid it is convenient to find a suitable place to read it.
Before reading it aloud, Tengo gave a brief explanation of the book. Chekhov was only thirty years old when he traveled to Sakhalin in 1890. Chekhov, a newcomer to the younger generation than Tolstoy and Dostoevsky, who was highly regarded and lived a lavish life in the capital Moscow, decided to come to Sakhalin alone and stay in this remote land for a long time, the real reason is unknown. Sakhalin, a land developed mainly as a penal colony, is only a symbol of ominousness and misery for ordinary people. Moreover, there was no Trans-Siberian Railway at that time, and he could only take a carriage and trek more than four thousand kilometers in the bitter cold land, which made his already unhealthy body ruthlessly destroyed. Chekhov's "Sakhalin Island", the result of an eight-month trip to the Far East, puzzled many readers. Because it is something that tries to suppress literary elements, closer to practical survey reports or geographical records. "Why did Chekhov do such a futile and meaningless thing at a time when it was very important to a writer?" Everyone around was whispering. Some critics have even concluded that this is "an attempt to cause a sensation and sell fame and reputation." Others speculate that he "has nothing to write about, he is looking for materials."
——From chapter 20 of the first part of "1Q84"
7. Fraser's Golden Branch
"People who know exactly what little people are, I'm afraid they won't be anywhere." The man said, "All people can know is the fact that they do exist." Have you read Fraser's Golden Branch? ”
"I haven't read it."
"A very interesting book. It tells us all sorts of facts. At some point in history— and that was in ancient times — in many parts of the world, it was stipulated that kings would be executed once their term of office was over. The term of office is about ten to twelve years. As soon as his term of office came, people came and brutally put him to death. For the Community, this is necessary.
Wang also took the initiative to accept. The method of execution must be cruel and bloody. And to be killed in this way is a great honor for the king. Why was the king had to be executed? For in that day and age, the so-called king was the one who 'listened to the voice' on behalf of the people. Such people take the initiative to become the channel that connects them with us. After a certain period of time, the execution of this 'voice-listener' is an indispensable task for the community. This is done in order to maintain a good balance between the consciousness of the people living in the world and the power exerted by the little people. In the ancient world, the so-called rule and listening to God's voice were synonymous. Of course, such a system was abolished at some point, the king was no longer executed, and the throne became a secular and hereditary thing. In this way, people no longer listen to voices. ”
——From chapter 11 of the second part of "1Q84"
8. Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov
"It's like in Brothers Karamazov, there's a story of the devil and Christ." Aodou said, "Christ is practicing rigorously in the wilderness, and the devil asks him to perform miracles, to turn stones into bread." But Christ refused. For miracles are the temptations of the devil. ”
"I know. I also read The Brothers Karamazov. Yes, like you said, this kind of fancy showmanship doesn't solve anything. But I have to earn your approval within a limited amount of time for that to be done for you. ”
Qingdou was silent.
"There is no absolute good in this world, and there is no absolute evil." The man said, "Good and evil are not immutable things, but constantly changing the place and position." A good may be transformed into evil in the next instant, and vice versa. Dostoevsky describes such a world in The Brothers Karamazov. It is important to maintain a constant balance of good and evil. Once too much tilt toward one side, it will be difficult to maintain morality in reality. By the way, balance is good in itself. I had to die in order to maintain balance, and that's what it meant. ”
9. Proust's "Remembrance of the Age of Water"
"How about Proust's Remembrance of a Time Like Water?" Tamaru said. "If you haven't read it yet, maybe now is a good time to read it again."
"Have you read it?"
"Nothing. I never went into the detention center, nor did I hide anywhere for long. People say that without such an opportunity, it is impossible to read through "Remembrance of The Age of Water". ”
"Has anyone around you read through this book?"
"I don't have anyone around me who has been looking forward to in prison for a long time, nor am I the type of person who is interested in Proust."
——From the second chapter of the third part of "1Q84"
11. "Colorless Tasaki Sakura and His Year of Tour"
Haruki Murakami's habit of writing a less long novel as a spice after each novel is completed, such as "Sputnik Lovers" after "Strange Bird Line", "After Dark" after "Kafka by the Sea", and "After Dark" after "1Q84" Murakami wrote "Colorless Tasaki Sakura and His Year of Touring". The novel's novels about loneliness, growth, and love are also Murakami's consistent themes.
1. Conan Doyle's The Lost World
Saro watched for a moment. Then he said, "Anyway, both of them now work in Nagoya City. Since birth, both have basically not left the place. The school has also been in Nagoya, and the work is also in Nagoya. It's a bit like Conan Doyle's The Lost World. Hey, is it so comfortable to live in Nagoya? ”
——From chapter 9 of "Colorless Tasaki Sakura and His Year of Touring"
XII. "Assassination of the Knight Commander"
Haruki Murakami's latest novel has been mixed since its publication, but it has not diminished its popularity at all.
1. Akinari Ueda,"The Tale of Spring Rain"
"Is it a ghost story?"
"It's probably closer to say Zhi Wei Tan. What did Akiari Ueda read in that book, "The Tale of spring rain"? "No need to ask.
"I shake my head." Qiu Cheng's "The Tale of the Rainy Moon" has been seen a long time ago, but I haven't seen it yet.
"The Tale of Spring Rain" is a collection of novels written by Qiu Cheng in his later years. The Tale of the Rainy Moon was written about forty years later. Compared with "The Tale of the Rainy Moon", which is more storytelling, what is more valued here is Qiu Cheng's thinking as a literati. Among them is a peculiar story called "The Second Age". In the story, the protagonist and you have the same experience. The protagonist is the son of a hawnon. I like to learn, and when I read a book alone in the middle of the night, I can hear a sound similar to a palladium under the stones in the corner of the courtyard from time to time. I felt strange in my heart, and the next day I asked someone to dig it up. I saw a big rock inside. Looking away from the stone, there was a coffin-like thing with a stone lid. When I opened it, there was a fleshless, skinny man like a dried fish. Hair grows to the knees. Only the hand is moving, knocking with a wooden bang. It seems that in ancient times, a monk who was buried alive in a coffin in order to seek eternal enlightenment and actively seek death. This is called the act of meditation. The mummified body was exhumed and placed in a temple for worship. The act of meditation is called 'settling in'. It is estimated that he was originally a high monk. It seems that the soul reaches nirvana as desired, and only the body that has lost its soul remains to survive. The protagonist's family has lived in this place for ten generations—it seems that it happened before that. That is hundreds of years ago. ”
- From Chapter 14 of The Assassination of the Knight Commander
2. Mori Ouwai "Abu Clan"
"I showed her the book I had just read. "Abe Clan" outside of MoriOka. ”
"The Abe Clan." With that, she returned the book to me. "Why bother reading such an old book?"
"Recently stayed in the social room of the Aomori youth hostel. I felt that it was interesting between the flips, and I brought it out directly. In exchange put down a few finished books. ”
"I haven't seen 'Abe'. interesting? ”
I've read the book and reread it. Of course, there are very interesting places, but there are also places that cannot be understood - what is Mori Ouwai for, and from what point of view is it necessary to write such a novel? But it's a long story to explore. This is not a book club. Besides, the woman is just properly raising the topic at hand for the sake of natural conversation (at least for the sake of what it seems like around her). ”
- From Chapter 19 of The Assassination of the Knight Commander
3. George Orwell, "1984"
It is famous for George Orwell's 1984. Orwell wrote the book on the northern end of the island, far from the inhabited island, in a small rented house. So much so that the body was damaged in the winter. There was only original equipment in the house. Presumably he needed a Spartan environment!
—— From Chapter 39 of The Assassination of the Knight Commander
4. Dostoevsky's "The Devil"
"Hooray!" He said, "By the way, speaking of books, I remember that in Dostoevsky's The Devils, there was a man who committed suicide with a pistol to prove that he was free. What's your name? I think you can ask to understand..."
"Kirillov." I say.
"Yes, Kirillov. Lately, I have been reminding myself, but I can't remember anything. ”
"So what?"
Yu Tian shook her head, "Ah, not much." It just happened that the character came to mind, and I tried to recall his name, but I couldn't remember anything, and I felt that it was something, like a small fish thorn stuck in the throat eye. But the Russians always seem to think about something quite peculiar. ”
In Dostoevsky's novels, there are many characters who do stupid things in order to prove that they are free men independent of God and secular society. Oh, Russia at the time may not have been stupid. ”
- From Chapter 43 of The Assassination of the Knight Commander