<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > Sima Qian: King Wen performs "Zhou Yi"! What does acting mean? What work did King Wen of Zhou do? </h1>
Sima Qian once replied to a letter before his friend Ren An was executed, and it was this letter that made Ren An leave a heroic name in the long river of history.
During the Han Dynasty, Ren An, who was young, was born into poverty and was appreciated by the Han Dynasty general Wei Qing. After being recommended, Ren An was a sher of the Wei Qing family, jumped through the dragon gate in one fell swoop, became the assassin of Yizhou during the Han Wu Emperor period, and later served as the emissary of the Northern Army (supervising the Northern Army of the Janissaries in the capital).
In 91 BC, in the later years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the famous "Scourge of witchcraft" occurred.
Emperor Wu of Han's favorite, Jiang Chong, was at odds with the crown prince Liu Zhao. He took the opportunity to investigate the incident by torturing and planting a party of princes to force others to confess their guilt, and the ministers and the people were horrified, pointing out black and white, tens of thousands of people were implicated in death, and hundreds of thousands of people were implicated in witchcraft.
Ren An was an official implicated in this incident. Framed and coerced by Jiang Chong and the eunuch Su Wen and others, the crown prince raised an army to kill Jiang Chong in terror, but was suppressed by the troops sent by Emperor Wu of Han.
Ren An, who was also in the northern army of the Janissaries in the capital, received an order from the crown prince Liu Zhao, and did not move. As a result, Empress Wei Zifu and Crown Prince Liu Zhu committed suicide and died.
After the zhongshu of the zhongzhong zhongliang ministers Huguan Sanlao and Tian Qianqiu and others petitioned for the crown prince's grievances, Emperor Wu of Han suddenly woke up, killed the traitorOus Minister Jiang Chong and burned the eunuch Su Wen to death...
At the same time, Emperor Wu of Han believed that Ren An was "sitting and watching success or failure" and "having a deceitful and disloyal heart" during the Prince's Mutiny, so he was sentenced to beheading him for his crime.
A few years ago, Ren An wrote to his friend Sima Qian, hoping that he would recommend "loyal and virtuous people" to Guoduoduo. It was not until before Ren An's execution that Sima Qian returned a letter to him, the "Letter of Reporting to Ren An".
It is this famous reply that allows Ren An to retain his name in the long river of history.
"The rich and the rich and the name of the ancients are invincibility, but the extraordinary are called." "King Gaiwen performed "Zhou Yi"; Zhongni'er wrote "Spring and Autumn"; Qu Yuan exiled, Naifu "Leaving Sorrow"; Zuo Qiu was blind and had "Chinese"; Sun Tzu's foot was on his feet, and the "Art of War" was revised; Bu Wei Qianshu, the hereditary "Lü Lan"; Han Fei imprisoned Qin, "Speaking difficulty" and "Lonely Anger"; "Poems" three hundred, the works of the great sages who were angry. ”
In this letter, Sima Qian explained to Ren An why he wanted to defend Li Ling and anger Emperor Wu of Han, why he was willing to be humiliated and willing to accept palace punishment, and what beliefs supported him to live tenaciously after the palace punishment!
At the same time, Sima Qian encouraged his friends: there are too many people who are rich but whose names are not passed on, and only those who are extraordinary and unusual can stay in history.
When the tribulations of the sages he fondly listed were finally completed, Sima Qian put King Wen in charge of performing "Zhou Yi" and ranked first.
Then, why did Sima Qian say in the "Records of History" that King Wen was restrained and performed "Zhou Yi", and Confucius composed "Spring and Autumn" in embarrassment? What does the word "act" mean? What work did King Zhou Wen do in the process of performing "Yi"?
Judging from the records in Sima Qian's book "Records of History", Ji Chang, the king of Zhou Wen, performed "Zhou Yi", which is a conclusive historical event.
In the Chinese character for "Yan", the left side is next to the word "water", which is related to water, and the "Yin" on the right is a combination of tigers in the 12 branches.
The ancient book "Erya Shiyi": "寅, 進也, in ancient times "寅", "yan" used together, and later "寅" read yín, "yan" read yǎn, only to add water to perform, for the forward, flowing special meaning.
Therefore, the original meaning of "performance" refers to the long flow of fine water, which is later extended to the meaning of wetting, moisturizing and flowing; there is also the meaning of promotion, dissemination and continuation.
Sima Qian said that King Wen was restrained in performing "Zhou Yi", referring to King Wen's "Zhou Yi" 64 Gua, which was based on the "Lianshan Yi" created by Emperor Xi, the "Lianshan Yi" created by Emperor Shennong, and the "Guizang Yi" created by The Yellow Emperor of Xuanyuan, and the "Zhou Yi" system of the Eight Eighty-64 Gua of the Day After Tomorrow was deduced and developed.
In the 20th chapter of the original literary work "Fengshen Yanyi", "Shan Yisheng Fornicated with Fei You" and other chapters, it is said that after King Wen of Zhou was imprisoned in Tangyin County, Xiangzhou, Hebei Province, he waited for the crime every day behind closed doors, and changed the Fuxi Bagua into Eight Eight 64 Gua and re-established it as 384 Yao, according to the yin and yang news as an opportunity, zhou tian's degree of magic, and later "Zhou Yi".
It can be seen that when King Wen of Zhou deduced "Zhou Yi", he not only retained the basic contents of Fu Xi's "Xiantian Yi", "Lianshan Yi" and "Yi Zang Yi", but also had different developments and changes from the previous generation's research on Yi Xue, and the word "yan" was just right.
Nowadays, even the most learned people can read through the I Ching and the 64 gua symbols without written commentary, which are very difficult to understand. Without the credit of Zhou Wenwang's father and son and others, today, it is still difficult for us to fully understand this "wordless heavenly book".
During the 7 years of imprisonment in Qiangli City, King Wen of Zhou worked tirelessly and diligently, mainly on the I Ching:
First, the order of the gossip was determined and rearranged;
He called Fuxi's gossip order "innate gossip" and King Wen's gossip "acquired gossip".
Secondly, the 64 trigrams were subdivided and arranged;
The 64 gua arrangement of "Lianshan Yi" is headed by "Gong" Gua, the 64 gua arrangement of "Guizang Yi" is headed by "Kun" Gua, and King Wen's "Zhou Yi" 64 Gua is headed by Qian Gua.
Third, name each of the 64 gua gua.
Fuxi's innate gossip has only eight pure gua gua; the 64 gua of Lian Shan Yi and Guizang Yi only have the shape of gua and no name of gua.
On the basis of the five elements and the shape of the 64 gua, King Wen of Zhou gave each gua an appropriate name.
For example: "All-encompassing dry for heaven, a woman and five husbands; fire in the sky has elephants who are rich, and water and fire are both good and prosperous; harvests are festive and thunderous, and the earth is bright and bleeding; stripping officials and demoting mountains, adding officials to promotion to huodi jin; shocking hundreds of miles of earthquake as thunder, joy and happiness and thunder, etc.
Fourth, the 64 gua gua names are accompanied by gua words.
"Qian, Yuan Henry Zhen"; "Kun, Yuan Heng, Li Mu Ma Zhi Zhen." Gentlemen have a long history, first lost and then won, Li Southwest got friends, Northeast mourning friends, An Zhenji. "Tun, Yuan Henry Zhen." Don't use it, Li Jianhou. ”......
It was King Wen of Zhou who added gua ci and gua de characters to these gua, filling the gap in the ancient I Ching that only had gua-shaped gua images and no written annotations.
Fifth, for the 386 爻 note to 爻字.
After King Wen of Zhou arranged the 64 gua gua order and explained it, it included the future development of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the concern for the Zhou Dynasty, and also summarized the natural and universal laws of the development of things.
It is a metaphor for the fate of Qiankun parents after they have given birth to children, and the fates and contradictions between their children and grandchildren in the process of development and growth.
Ji Dan, the fourth son of King Wen of Zhou and the younger brother of King Wu of Zhou, twice assisted King Wu of Zhou in making ritual music, and was given the title of Duke of Shanggong (上公), and was later known as the Duke of Zhou.'
Zhou Gong, who was proficient in the Zhou Yi, was well aware of his father's painstaking intentions, so he organized his subordinates Nangong Shi and others to comment on the 386 of the 64 gua of King Wen's day after tomorrow.
"Each gua liu yao, plus Qiankun two gua with nine and six, a total of 386 yao, each yao with multiplication, bearing, when in position, out of position, there should be, no response, etc. to explain the role of each gua in the gua.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, the sage Confucius, reading the Yi "Wei Compilation of the Three Absolutes", once again wrote the "Ten Wings" and other essential meanings, and annotated the "I Ching".
64 Gua only has a guaxiang symbol, called "Yi", and the text interpretation is called "Jing". For thousands of years, it was Fu Xi, King Wen of Zhou, Confucius and others who innovated and perfected the I Ching that made the I Ching the first book in China's history. At present, there are about 6,000 kinds of research works on "Zhou Yi" published in various countries in the world, which has become the cradle of world civilization.
Unwinding is beneficial, but originality is not easy.
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