In the 25th year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (220 AD), Cao Cao's son Cao Pi (曹丕) built Wei for Han.
In the process of Cao Pi's standing out from Cao Cao's sons and becoming Cao Cao's heir, and even claiming the title of emperor, there were four people who made the greatest contributions, namely Sima Yi, Chen Qun, Zhu Shuo, and Wu Qian, who were also known as Cao Pi's "four friends".
Stills of Cao Pi Daihan in "The League of Military Teachers"
This article focuses on the Wu quality.
The reason for talking about Wu is that this one of the greatest heroes of cao wei founding the country, who served as a general of Zhenwei, the governor of Hebei, the military governor of Hebei, the marquis of Fenglie, and later entered the dynasty as a high-ranking official and nobleman in the service, but after his death, he was given an extremely embarrassing nickname by the Cao Wei court, known as "ugly" hou.
Wu Died in the fourth year of Cao Wei's reign (230 CE), reigning cao Pi's son, the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui, only ten years after the founding of Cao Wei.
As Cao Pi inheriting Cao Cao's inheritance and then claiming to be one of the greatest beneficiaries of the emperor, did he forget Wu Qian's credit so quickly? So unkind?
In fact, it was not that Cao Rui was ruthless, but that he had no way.
Because there were too many people who had offended Wu Qian before his death, and when he died, he was in a high position, and when they collectively came up with such a nickname for Wu Qian, Cao Rui could only compromise even if he remembered Wu Qian's merits.
After all, you can't make a bunch of living people uncomfortable for a dead person.
Before his death, Wu Zhi was a hero of the founding of Cao Wei and his relationship with Cao Pi, pampered and proud, no matter who it was, no matter how big the official was, how prominent the family behind it, he dared to accuse or humiliate, so there were many enemies.
Wu Quality Stills
According to the Wei Luo, quoted in Pei Songzhi's commentary on the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, four of those who wu qian offended had absolutely important influence in the imperial court at the time of Wu Qian's death.
The first is Dong Zhao, Wu Qian's reputation in his hometown is very bad, and Shi Zaiqi: "Less travel between noble relatives, and Gai does not sink with the township." Therefore, although he has been discharged from office, his country is still not a soldier. ”
After Cao Wei established the country, he became a high official, and felt that his old family should not treat him like this, and wanted to take revenge, so he ran to the home of Dong Zhao, who was a fellow villager with him, and threatened: "I want to drown in the township." ”
Frightened, Dong Zhao quickly softened: "Jun, I am eighty years old, I can't be drowned for Jun." ”
Perhaps Dong Zhao saw that Wu Qian was being favored and did not bother with him, but what about when Wu Qian died? In the year of Wu Tian's death, Dong Zhao was just promoted to an official, still a very big official, Shi Zai: "Taihe four years, do Situ affairs." ”
A Situ, one of the Three Dukes, was enough to have a certain degree of decision on Wu Qian's title.
Stills of Cao Zhen in "Army Division Alliance"
The second was Cao Zhen, who had offended two dignitaries at the same time at a banquet, Cao Zhen and Zhu Zhen, as recorded in the Canon:
Drunk and full of lust. When the general Cao Zhen was fat, the leader of the army was thin and thin, and the quality was excellent, so that he was fat and thin. Really negative, ashamed to see the drama, angrily said: "Qing wants to meet me with evil in the part? The hussar general Cao Hong and the light car general Wang Zhongzhong said: "The general will want to make the general fat, that is, he should be thin." Zhen Healer drew his sword and looked at him, saying, "Hai dare to take it lightly, I will cut it off." So he sat down. The quality case sword said: "Cao Zidan, Ru Fei slaughtered a few meats, Wu Zhi'er did not shake his throat, Tsui Er did not shake his teeth, how dare he be arrogant and arrogant?" "Your Majesty has made us wait for Le Qing'er, and even this evil!" "Qiang, dare to sit badly!" "All the generals are still sitting. He was anxious, more and more anxious, and drew his sword to the ground. That's it.
Wu Zhi instructed Youpi to laugh at Cao Zhen and Zhu Zhen's figure, and people opposed it, and he also wanted people to shut up, which was really arrogant.
Zhu Zhen died before Wu Qian, but Cao Zhen was the official Sima in the year of Wu Zhen's death.
Moreover, Cao Zhen's son Cao Shuang, in the future, is in power and opposition, can they give the dead Wu Qian and his descendants a good look?
Stills of Chen Qun in "Army-Master Alliance"
The third is Chen Qun, who is one of Cao Pi's "four friends" alongside Wu Qian, and is also one of the largest founding heroes of Cao Wei.
In addition to being more official than Wu Qian, Chen Qun also represented the shijia clan at that time, he was the proposer of the "Nine Pins Zhongzheng System", all the clans had to inherit his personal feelings, and his influence in the Cao Wei court was extraordinary.
However, Wu Zhi did not put Chen Qun in his eyes, and ran to Cao Rui and said: "Chen Qun is a calm man, a talent who is not a minister of state, and handles heavy responsibilities without personal affairs." ”
During Cao Rui's reign, Chen Qun was one of the four auxiliary ministers designated by Cao Pi, and had the right to open the palace, and the official was Sikong and Gulu Shangshu.
When Wu Qian died, Chen Qunke was still alive, and when the arrogant Wu Qian was alive, Chen Qun was inconvenient to respond to Wu Qian, and it was difficult to say after death.
Cui Lin like
The fourth was Cui Lin, who served as a subordinate of Wu Qian when he was "the military governor of Hebei Province".
However, Cui Lin looked down on Wu Qian, and when Wu Qian "commanded the affairs of the war, the prefecture and county did not pay tribute to the letter", "and Cui made Junchu not hear about it".
Wu Qian was such an arrogant and delicate person, Cui Lin dared not to put him in his eyes, of course, he would retaliate, so, under his operation, he demoted Cui Lin to an official: "Just like not to do anything to the boss, Zuo Qianhejian is too defensive", so that: "Qing theory is mostly Lin complained."
Cui Lin was not only from the Qinghe Cui clan of the great family, but importantly, when Cui Lin died, the official was also promoted, and at that time, Cui Lin's official Guanglu Xun, one of the nine secretaries, also served as a lieutenant.
In addition, many people in the Qinghe Cui clan were officials in the DPRK, could they not help Cui Lin to get revenge on the dead Wu Hostage?
Wu Qian's disposition is arrogant, and there are too many people who have offended in his life, and only the above four history books clearly record that when Wu Qian died, all of them were big figures who could affect the court.
From this point of view, Wu Qian, the founding hero of Cao Wei, was given a vicious "ugly", which is very normal, and the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui would not refute the title that may be supported by these four people for a dead Wu Qian, and would only acquiesce.
Stills of Cao Rui in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"
Of course, Wu Zhen's son was not convinced, but his arm could not twist his thigh, and he appealed for more than twenty years, and waited until all the people wu qian offended were dead, including Cao Zhen's son Cao Shuang, who was dead, and then the appeal was successful.
At that time, it was Sima Yi's son Sima Shi (Wu Zhi had a daughter who married Sima Shi, but was later deposed) who took power and changed the case to "ugly" to "Wei".
This is also because among the people wu qian offended, there happened to be no Sima shi, and he also helped Sima Yi to say good things, and Wu Zhi once said to Cao Rui: "Sima Yi, the general of the Hussars, loyal to the public, and the minister of sheji." "Sima Shi wants to inherit Wu Qian's affection.
From Wu Qian's case, and then look at the names of the rest of the celebrities in the Three Kingdoms, more or less have something to do with the behavior before they were born, and the general nicknames of Corporal Lixian are good, more arrogant, and like to offend the scholars, the nicknames are difficult to say.
For example, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, the two elders of the Shu Han Dynasty.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Guan Yu and Zhang Fei stills
Guan Yu: "Treat the pawns well and be proud of the scholars", and later his nickname was "Marquis of Zhuangmiao". Zhang Fei: "Love and respect the gentleman and do not sympathize with the villain", and his posthumous nickname is "Huanhou".
One of them was evil and the other was a beautiful one, and it is difficult to say that it was not because one of them looked down on the scholar and the other liked the courtesy corporal before he died.
Another example is Cao Wei's Xiahou Yuan and Zhang Gao, two famous generals.
Xiahou Yuan's nickname was "Marquis of Humphrey", to a certain extent, this can be regarded as a vicious slander, probably because he lost The Dingjun Mountain, resulting in the defeat of the Hanzhong army.
However, Zhang Gao, whose status was much lower than his, was "Zhuang Hou" after his death, which was a beautiful title.
Stills of Zhang Gao in "Army-Master Alliance"
Perhaps it is only because the history books record that Zhang Gao was "a military general and loved Confucians", and also recommended fellow non-commissioned officers as officials, and the relationship with the scholars was quite good, even if the soldiers were defeated and killed, everyone gave a face.
The above example, although not absolute, can also be roughly used as a reference, Zhang Fei and Zhang Gao, both died very unworthy, but the nickname is not bad.
After all, the dominant name and formulation must be the scholar, and their senses are very important.
Wu Quality
As for the Wu Quality mainly mentioned in this article, it was self-inflicted sins, did not harm the descendants, it is estimated that the Cao Wei imperial family saw that the founding heroes were protecting, and the later Sima Clan had to confess.
Otherwise, with what Wu Qian did before his death, the fate of his descendants is really difficult to say.
Reference: "Three Kingdoms"
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