#头条讲真的#
Overwintering lettuce, onion, garlic and other vegetables from pre-winter planting to regreening, at least 65 days, with the increase of temperature and regreening into the rapid growth stage, the plant's demand for fertilizer and water also increased. Therefore, strengthening the management of the spring season is an important stage to achieve high yields, and sometimes a small measure can make a big difference. It has been proved by production practice that the above vegetables should be managed in this way after the beginning of spring:
First, early hoeing promotes early rejuvenation
Soil temperature is an important factor for the early emergence of vegetable plants in spring. Therefore, artificially raising the soil temperature is an important measure in production. The most economical way to raise the soil temperature is to hoe and loosen the soil, through hoeing and loosening the soil, increase the air in the soil pores, absorb the heat of the sun, and thus increase the soil temperature. From the beginning of soil thawing to the end of planting and sealing, it is necessary to carry out about 3 times of cultivating and hoeing. For the first time, it is advisable to carry out ploughing at noon, which is conducive to raising the ground temperature. The depth of cultivation should be 3~5 cm, and it should not be too deep, so as not to hurt the root system and affect the growth of plants. In addition, through tillage, residual weeds can be removed and new weeds can be inhibited, and the occurrence of pests and diseases can also be reduced. If the soil is dry when hoeing, you should water it first and then plough the loosening soil.
2. Fertilizer and watering to promote healthy growth
In order to make the plants grow early and steadily, according to the fertilization situation before the year and the fertilizer and thinness of the soil, they are topdressed separately after returning to green. Vegetables that have been fertilized with overwintering fertilizer years ago, lettuce and onions can be applied to promote the rapid growth of seedlings after returning to green, and 10 kg of urea per mu can be applied, and garlic can be chased compound fertilizer or not, and 15 kg per mu can be chased. Before the year, there was no overwintering fertilizer for the plot, and the green can be topped with organic fertilizer 1 square + compound fertilizer 20 kg per mu to promote the growth of seedlings. After the garlic is pulled out of the garlic moss, 10 catties of compound fertilizer per mu promote the expansion of the garlic head.
When it is inconvenient for the plant to enter the middle and late stage of ground topdressing, the foliar topdressing method can be used to supplement fertilizer. Generally, potassium dihydrogen phosphate + urea aqueous solution, or functional fertilizer solution.
When the lettuce rosette stage, the onion and garlic bulbs are about 25 catties of compound fertilizer per mu at the beginning of expansion. Top dressing combined with watering, watering using dry and wet method, keep the soil moist, not too much watering, so as not to cause diseases.
3. Pest control
1. Lettuce disease: In the early stage of lettuce, lettuce sclerotia feather should be sprayed with 1000 times of 40% sclerotinia and 40% sclerotia wettable powder, or 50% carbendazim and 70% methyl tobuzine wettable powder.
The occurrence of downy mildew can be prevented by using 600 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder and 500 times of 65% zinc dycozeb wettable powder.
2. Onion diseases and insect pests
There are many onion diseases and insect pests, and the common diseases mainly include purple spot disease, downy mildew and blight. Insect pests include aphids, allium thrips, etc. In the early stage of purpura disease, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, 58% methafen manganese zinc and water can be sprayed with 500 times of liquid liquid, and 2.5% deltamethrin wettable powder can be sprayed 1500~2000 times if there is thrips at the same time. Downy mildew is treated with lettuce, and aphids are controlled with imidacloprid and aphid-clothianidin.
3. Garlic diseases and insects are mainly maggots, in order to ensure the safety of ingredients, pesticides are not used for prevention and control, and fungal agents are used for prevention and control. 250~300 grams of 15 billion spores/g Beauveria bassiana granules per mu each time, mixed with flushing fertilizer, and then flushed with water. It can effectively control the reproduction and damage of garlic maggots.
Fourth, the use of the regulator choline chloride
The products of the above three vegetables are subject to a swelling process, especially garlic and onions. Therefore, in the early stage of expansion, the use of choline chloride has a great effect on promoting production. The specific usage is: in the early stage of onion and garlic (lettuce meat stems), use 80 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 70 grams of 18% chlorocholic-neacetic acid + 40 kg to spray one acre, spray 2 times, with an interval of 10 days.