The historical figures recognized by Mao Zedong are not few or too many, but Chairman Mao's mentality toward Jia Yi is between good and bad, very complicated.
On the one hand, Mao Zedong recognized Jia Yi's talent, saying that Jia Yi's "Public Security Policy" was the best political theory of the Western Han Dynasty, and the whole text was to the point of the events of the time. Such an evaluation is not high.
On the other hand, Chairman Mao also very much deplored Jia Yi and lamented his misfortune and anger, and in Chairman Mao's poem "Seven Absolute Jia Yi", this feeling is vividly expressed.
Jia Shengcai was unruly, crying and feeling sorry for Qu Wen;
The king of Liang fell off his horse for ordinary things, and he paid for his life with sorrow.
00 Western Han Dynasty
Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, was the first grassroots emperor in Chinese history, and in his early years he was only a Surabaya pavilion chief under the administration of the Qin Dynasty, and it was not until After the uprising of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang that Liu Bang pulled up the banner of the uprising, when he was more than forty years old.
Some people say that his success is because the heavens chose him, and some people say that he was born with the appearance of an emperor.
But in my opinion, the most important reason for Liu Bang's success is that he has talents like Xiao He, Han Xin, and Zhang Liang around him.
Perhaps because of the patronage of the ancestors, the Western Han Dynasty has had a continuous stream of talents since the founding of the people, including Chen Ping, Lu Jia, and Chao Que, and Zhou Bo, Li Guang, and Zhou Yafu, all of whom, regardless of the final outcome, were all ministers who had been highly valued by the emperor, and made great contributions to the stability of the internal affairs of the early Han Dynasty and the tranquility of the frontier.
Among these talents, there was only one exception, he was talented but struggling in his career, and Emperor Wen of Han, who had always been known for his generosity and benevolence, was also lukewarm to him, and he was degraded again and again, and finally died of depression in the liang kingdom at the age of thirty-three.
He was the great talent of the Han WenDi era, Jia Yi.
Portrait of Jia Yi
01 Wonderful beginning of life
Jia Yi is a native of Luoyang, Luoyang from the Shang Dynasty is an important city around the capital of Wang, even after continuous changes is still the birthplace of the Central Plains culture, here there is some strong cultural atmosphere and simple customs and customs, Jia Yi grew up in this "cultural capital", from childhood to read Confucian classics, talent and strategy are far more than ordinary students.
When Jia Yi was a teenager, he also studied with Zhang Cang, who was not only a warrior who had conquered the north from the time of Han Gaozu, but also a well-learned scholar who was proficient in music and astronomical calendars.
Under the guidance of Zhang Cang, Jia Yi's talent was even more outstanding, and at the age of eighteen, he was recruited as a protégé by Wu Gongshou of Henan County, and became a public figure in Henan County who "brought his own star aura".
However, Zhang Cang taught Jia Yi all his life's learning, but only forgot to tell him how to behave in the world.
Jia Yi was only twenty-one years old when he was later conquered by Emperor Wen of Han, and he was like a graduate who had just walked out of the door of a famous school, although he had a full belly, he did not know how to get along with society.
At the beginning of his tenure, this potential crisis was not yet clearly manifested. Moreover, many of his suggestions were reasonable, and they also had an important impact on the later Han Jing Emperor and Emperor Wu of Han.
Jia Yi is very sympathetic to the state system of the centralized system, and he also sees the "stumbling block" that hinders the process of great unification of the country, that is, the Liu surname of each country is crowned king.
Jia Yi proposed that if they wanted to stop rebelling, they could only constantly weaken their fiefdoms and divide each king's fiefdom among his descendants, so that the land was divided less and less, and the strength of the princes and kings became weaker and weaker, but their descendants still had to be grateful for the "gifts" of the imperial court.
However, Emperor Wen of Han did not have a clear attitude towards this, and this method was not implemented.
It was not until the "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms" during the reign of Emperor Jing of Han that Emperor Wu of Han felt that it was necessary to limit the power of the princes after succeeding to the throne, and issued the "Tui En Order".
The practice of "Tui En Ling" was the same as the method proposed by Jia Yi, and Emperor Wudi of Han only turned theory into practice.
Film and television image of Emperor Wen of Han
In addition to proposing solutions to such major political events, Jia Yi also attached great importance to the "etiquette" in the Confucian tradition, he advocated the use of etiquette to educate the people, formulate etiquette norms to restrain the behavior of courtiers, the monarch is polite to his subordinates, and the subordinates treat the monarch like a sage emperor, so that the Confucian scholar's ideal of "Jun'an Chenle, Guotai Min'an" can be realized.
Jia Yi also put forward the economic policy of "emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business", and wrote "On Accumulation and Storage" to emphasize the importance of developing agriculture, and Emperor Wendi of Han agreed with his opinion and issued an edict to encourage the people to carry out agricultural production.
Jia Yi's career at this time had reached its peak, but because of his arrogance and untimely suggestions in the process of actually serving as an official, he had laid the groundwork for his future life path.
Map of the territory of the early Han Dynasty
02 Tragic life
Although Jia Yi was brilliant, he failed in the art of dealing with the world, and his low emotional intelligence and "one-string" approach to dealing with the world offended both the emperor and the ministers.
Jia Yi was a literati by birth, and did not have a good feeling for the old courtiers of warrior origin such as Dou Bao and Zhou Bo, and often attacked them for not understanding the government.
These old ministers have been Kurama Lawton since Liu Bang fought the world, and they don't know how many open guns and dark arrows they blocked for the emperor. From Emperor Hui of Han and Empress Lü to Emperor Wen of Han, every ruler was respectful to them, and without them, how could there be a Han family?
When he arrived at Jia Yi's place, he casually commented on these old ministers, which made other people in the court very dissatisfied with Jia Yi. Moreover, these military generals did not deliberately harass him in ordinary times, and Jia Yi's words seemed inexplicable and disgusting in any way.
Jia Yi not only looked down on the military generals, but also looked down on Deng Tong, the favorite minister of Emperor Wen of Han. Deng Tong was deeply trusted by Emperor Wen of Han because of his loyalty, and once Emperor Wen of Han suffered from carbuncles, Deng Tong sucked the affected area for him day and night until he was healed.
Jia Yi, however, openly declared that Deng Tong was a courtier and disdained to be with him. So not only did Deng Tong hate him, but Emperor Wen of Han was also very disgusted with him. Under the joint attack of Qunchen and Deng Tong, Jia Yi was demoted to the title of Taifu of Changsha.
Far from the political center of the capital, Jia Yi still did not change because of this.
Zhou Bo
After the deaths of zhou bo and dou bao, the opposition to Jia Yi in the imperial court gradually decreased, so Emperor Wen of Han recalled Jia Yi from Changsha to Chang'an.
Although he has gone through ups and downs, Jia Yi is still firm that there is nothing wrong with what he thinks, which is quite a bit of "returning to be a teenager".
After he returned to Chang'an, he immediately proposed two plans to Emperor Wen of Han.
The first plan was to send troops to the Xiongnu to completely eliminate the hidden dangers on the border.
In order to prove the feasibility of this plan, Jia Yi also specially formulated a set of battle plans, and gave a speech in front of Emperor Wen of Han, which sounded as if each one was very reasonable.
But Jia Yi was a Confucian who had never been on the battlefield, and his idealistic plan was no different from the paper talk in the eyes of the generals. If the Han Dynasty had the ability to fight the Xiongnu, why wait until Jia Yi proposed a strategy? The Xiongnu cavalry was not idle, and the strength of the Han Dynasty was not enough to eliminate the Xiongnu.
Jia Yi's suggestion can only be an ideal, which may be realized in the future, but it can only be an ideal during the period of Emperor Wen of Han.
Hun cavalry
The second plan was still to weaken the power of the princes surnamed Liu and constantly divide their lands to strengthen the centralization of power.
Emperor Wendi of Han's attitude towards this was not obvious, but Jia Yi had always grasped this matter.
At that time, Liu Chang, the king of Huainan, was very angry with Emperor Wen of Han's succession, believing that he had no merit in the "Rebellion of Zhulu", but he wanted to enjoy his success, and finally chose to rebel, but Liu Chang was simple in mind and had no name, and the rebellion was quickly quelled.
What happened after that was unexpected by Emperor Wen of Han. Liu Chang was born with a lonely temperament, and committed suicide by hunger strike on the way to Shu County, and also left a poem to rebuke Emperor Wen of Han for killing his feet, and Emperor Wen of Han was very guilty about this, so he had to make Liu Chang's sons marquis to apologize.
Jia Yi repeatedly proposed to strengthen the centralization of power, although the starting point was good, but it was not in line with Emperor Wen of Han's mood, and the timing was also very inappropriate, Emperor Wen of Han was distraught by his suggestions, and ordered him to immediately go to liang to assist Liu Yi, the king of Liang.
Liu Chang, King of Huainan
Liu Yi, the King of Liang, was also a diligent and loving king, and he had the same ideals as Emperor Wen of Han when he was the acting king, hoping that he could be a good king praised by everyone under the guidance of Jia Yi.
Jia Yi taught all his life's learning to the King of Liang, especially the idea of governing the country by etiquette made the King of Liang feel very deeply and vowed to do something. But Liang Wang's dream has not yet been realized, and he died because of an accidental horse fall.
Jia Yi was devastated by this and was once in danger.
In order to cheer up Jia Yi, Emperor Wen of Han had his youngest son Liu Wu succeed him as King of Liang.
After Jia Yi poured out his talents to Liu Wu, he could no longer suppress his grief. Soon, he died at the age of thirty-three because he was worried about the former King of Liang.
Jia Yi assisted The King of Liang
03 Conclusion
Jia Yi originally had a "starting line of life" that no one else could reach, but because of his arrogance and arrogance and the way of doing things that would not turn around, he took many detours, and because his mental endurance was too poor, he let himself come to the end of his life.
He is a talented man, but he can't beat the coldness of reality.
The eventual untimely death of a spirited young man is a tragedy of the times and a personal tragedy.