Someone once said,
The woman who writes,
Like to hide their joys, angers and sorrows between the lines,
So the word is beautiful.
Embroidered woman,
Passed on his daughter's emotions to silver needles and silk threads,
So needle and needle emotional.
embroidery
Hands go as you like, affectionate fists,
Every stitch and thread is intimate warmth.
01
Embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese folk crafts, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China. Embroidery is a general term for various decorative patterns embroidered on fabric by needle and thread.
Embroidery is divided into two types: silk thread embroidery and feather embroidery, which is a decorative fabric that uses needles to pierce silk threads or other fibers and yarns on the embroidery material with a certain pattern and color, and forms a pattern with embroidery.
It is the art of using needles and threads to add human design and making to any fabric that exists.
02
Among the traditional embroidery crafts in China, "Xiang embroidery" produced in Hunan Province in central China, "Shu embroidery" in Sichuan Province in western China, "Cantonese embroidery" produced in Guangdong Province in southern China and "Su embroidery" produced in Jiangsu Province in eastern China are often referred to as China's "four famous embroidery".
Embroidery
Su embroidery, Suzhou is located in the south of the Jiangnan, the birthplace of Suzhou embroidery is in Suzhou Wu County, bordering Taihu Lake, mild climate, rich in silk.
Therefore, there is a traditional habit that women are good at embroidery. The superior geographical environment, gorgeous and rich brocade, and colorful flowers and threads have created favorable conditions for the development of Su embroidery.
In the long-term historical development process, Su embroidery has formed a local style with beautiful patterns, harmonious colors, clear lines, lively stitching and fine embroidery in art, and is known as the "Pearl of the Orient".
Cantonese embroidery
Cantonese embroidery includes two major branches, Chao embroidery and Guang embroidery, which have a history of more than a thousand years. In the Tang Dynasty's Su Jaw's "Duyang Miscellaneous Compilation", there is already a record that Lu Meiniang, a girl from Nanhai (present-day Panyu, Guangzhou), "is extremely skillful and can embroider the seven volumes of the Lotus Sutra on a ruler silk".
Cantonese embroidery · art
The level of craftsmanship of Guangdong embroidery in the Tang Dynasty was already extraordinary. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, Lingnan Jiedu made Zhang Jiugao present fine embroidery to Yang Guifei and was awarded the third official product, which shows that the highest class at that time appreciated Cantonese embroidery.
Cantonese embroidery double-sided embroidery Sanxitang ancient flowers and birds
【Features of Cantonese embroidery】
First, the use of threads is diverse, in addition to silk thread and pile thread, it also uses Kong Yu wool twist building as thread, or uses horsetail wrapped velvet as thread;
The second is the bright color, strong contrast, and gorgeous effect;
the third is to use gold thread as the contour line of the embroidery pattern;
Fourth, the decorative pattern is complex and plump, lively and cheerful;
Fifth, most of the embroidery workers are male workers.
Shu embroidery
Shu embroidery, also known as "Sichuan embroidery", refers to Sichuan embroidery represented by Chengdu. The history of Shu embroidery is also very long, according to the Jin Dynasty Chang Xuan's "Huayang Guozhi", at that time Shu embroidery was already very famous, and Shu embroidery and Shu brocade were juxtaposed as Shu place famous products.
Shu embroidery is relatively small pure ornamental items, mostly daily necessities, mostly flowers, birds, insects, fish, folk Ji language and traditional ornaments, etc., quite festive color, embroidered on quilts, pillowcases, clothes, shoes and painting screens.
In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, Shu embroidery absorbed the advantages of Gu embroidery and Su embroidery on the basis of local traditional embroidery techniques, and became one of the important commodity embroidery in China.
Shu embroidery is neat, flat and bright, the silk road is clear, no ghostwriting, the edge of the pattern is too neat like a knife cut, and the color is bright.
Xiang embroidery
Xiang embroidery, a general term for embroidery products centered on Changsha, Hunan Province. In order to satisfy a group of upstarts who had made their mark on suppressing the Taiping Army, the merchants in Changsha City opened the "Gu Embroidery Zhuang", and soon overwhelmed Gu Xiu in the name of Xiang Xiu.
Xiang embroidery is characterized by embroidery with velor thread (no velvet thread), in fact, the velvet silk is treated in a solution to prevent fluffing, this embroidery is locally called "wool fine embroidery".
Xiang embroidery is also mostly based on Chinese paintings, the form is vivid and realistic, the style is extravagant, and it has the reputation of "embroidered peanut fragrance, embroidered birds can hear sounds, embroidered tigers can run, embroiderers can convey the spirit".
The color matching characteristics of Xiangxiu embroidery humanistic paintings are mainly dark and light gray and black and white, which are as simple as ink paintings; The colors of Xiang embroidery daily necessities are bright, and the pattern decoration is strong.
03
The beginning, development and evolution of Chinese embroidery art do not seek deliberate, let alone vigorous brilliance, but she is splendid and long, running through the spiritual world and daily life of millions of people with a living life, all reflecting people's pursuit of beauty and love for life.
"Chu Tianshen Bird" (Han Embroidery)
Cantonese embroidery in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, birds towards phoenix butterflies, ruyi pattern open clothes
Those embroidery techniques that have been passed down from generation to generation, continuously, and with different styles, are like a sweet spring, moisturizing gentle human nature. When you gently lift the tip of the iceberg of Chinese embroidery, it is enough to make you linger in it.
Cantonese embroidery in the late Qing Dynasty: Hundred birds picture mirror heart
Whether you enjoy your leisure time embroidery with a lazy needle or embroidery that poetic chapter with your dexterous ten fingers, your memories will always be radiant and intriguing.
Embroidery is still one of the most popular and oldest fashion elements, and the simple and skillful hands and beautiful compassion are strung together stitch by stitch. The creativity of embroiderers of different eras lives on in their embroidery.