Today it is north of the Tsinghua Library
A grassy meadow
It was once famous in the history of Tsinghua
North Courtyard Residential Area
As tsinghua before the establishment of the school
The first construction of faculty homes to begin construction
There used to be 8 residential buildings and 1 clubhouse
They are all Western-style courtyards with single-storey brick and wood structures
It was once the residence of a group of famous scholars
We share it today
The story of Tsinghua's "most cattle canteen"
It is related to "North Courtyard No. 7"
Let's take a look
”
01
The story, from here!
As the world knows, the names of Qian Xuesen, Deng Jiaxian, Wang Ganchang, Peng Huanwu, Wang Daheng, Zhao Jiuzhang, Qian Sanqiang, Chen Fangyun, Zhou Guangzhao, Zhu Guangya, Nobel Prize winners in physics and Chinese physicists Li Zhengdao and Yang Zhenning are also well-known, but few people know that behind these masters, there is also a "master's teacher" -- Ye Qisun, the founding father of Tsinghua's Department of Physics.
Ye Qisun was born in Shanghai to an old-fashioned literati family, his ancestors were Confucian students who were familiar with the history of the scriptures, and his deep family roots laid a good literary and mathematical foundation for him. In 1911, at the age of 13, Ye Qisun was admitted to Tsinghua Xuetang and became one of the first students. At the age of 20, he went to the Department of Physics at the University of Chicago, where he studied under Bridgman, a master of experimental physics who later won the Nobel Prize in Physics, and then received a doctorate from Harvard University, and has since embarked on a path of natural science research that is different from his father's "heirlooms".
In 1925, tsinghua school established the university department, and Ye Qisun was hired as an associate professor at Tsinghua school in September of that year, presiding over the establishment of tsinghua physics department.
Perhaps in the autumn when he decided to go north, even Ye Qisun himself did not realize that his life would henceforth be closely linked to the development of Tsinghua and Chinese physics. His more than 20 years at Tsinghua are all related to a place called "North Courtyard No. 7".
02
"North Courtyard No. 7 Rice Ball"
The residential area of the North Courtyard has welcomed more than 30 professors such as Liang Qichao, Ye Qisun, Sa Bendong, Chen Daisun, Zhu Ziqing, Huang Ziqing and so on. In 1925, Ye Qisun was hired to enter Tsinghua and stayed in the "North Courtyard No. 7" residence, and until 1952, he was transferred to Peking University with the adjustment of the faculties of the College of Science, except during the period of Southwest United University, he lived here at other times.
"North Courtyard No. 7" sits north to south, a total of four bedrooms and a living room, the south facing living room is spacious and bright, surrounded by glass windows to form a floor-to-ceiling sun porch, the east is the study and bedroom, the west is also two, the north is also equipped with kitchen and worker housing, with a total area of 80 square meters.
At that time, there were two or three single professors living in several houses in the North Courtyard, the Ye family area was relatively large, and only Ye Qisun lived alone, so he hired a chef at home, turned his kitchen into a small canteen, and the young teachers who returned from studying abroad paid a fixed amount of meals on time every month, and three meals a day were solved in his home, and later attracted several teachers who did not live in the North Courtyard to join.
A group of young people with lofty ideals who are committed to serving the country through science and education gathered together in the name of "eating" to exchange academic ideas and discuss school affairs. Since Ye Qisun's residence is No. 7 North Courtyard, this group of people is also known as "North Courtyard No. 7 Rice Ball". The members of the "rice ball" successively included Chen Daisun, Shi Jiajiao, Saben Dong, Jin Yuelin, Zhang Xiruo, Qian Duansheng, Jiang Tingdian, Ye Gongchao, Zhou Peiyuan, etc., and Ye Qisun was recognized as the "regiment leader".
Ye Qisun and others took a group photo in front of the residence of Tsinghua University (No. 7 North Courtyard).
The period is around 1929-1930.
From left: Chen Daisun, Shi Jiajiao, Jin Yuelin, Sa Bendong,
Xiao Yu, Ye Qisun, Saben Tie, Zhou Peiyuan
Although the "No. 7 Rice Ball of the North Courtyard" is named after rice, because Ofat Isun is generous, he has also developed a "guest room" business for people to live temporarily, and often becomes a temporary residence for teachers with family difficulties. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Tsinghua resumed the school, and the two vacant rooms on the west side of the residence became temporary guest rooms for Tsinghua.
03
It is a "base camp" and a "common home"
In 1927, Chen Daisun returned from studying abroad to teach at Tsinghua, and went north alone by boat from Fuzhou to Beiping, where he had nowhere to live for a while. Ye Qisun expressed a warm welcome to Chen Daisun, a former friend he had known when he studied in the United States, and the two lived on both sides of the living room, each with a south-facing study and a north-facing bedroom, sharing a living room and kitchen, chen Daisun naturally joined Ye Qisun's "rice ball". Chen Daisun and Ye Qisun wrote books in their respective fields, worked for decades, cultivated countless talents, and the two were listed side by side as the "Three Grandchildren of Tsinghua" (the other was Jin Yuelin, who was the word "Longsun"), in addition to the pity of both of them dedicated their life's energy to scientific research and education, there was also a five-year-long roommate friendship at No. 7 in the North Courtyard.
In 1948, Qian Sanqiang and his wife He Zehui returned from Paris to teach at Tsinghua University. In order to facilitate his work, Qian Sanqiang set up two homes outside the city, and when he was busy teaching at Tsinghua, he lived in Ye Qisun's residence at No. 7 North Courtyard. Soon Peng Huanwu transferred from Yunnan University to Tsinghua university and also stayed in the North Courtyard residence. For a period of time, No. 7 north of the institute became the base camp of tsinghua physics department, where several professors prepared their own lessons and talked about academic current affairs. In 1987, Qian Sanqiang recalled the time spent with his mentor as a colleague, and still sighed: "In 1948, when I returned to China to teach at Tsinghua University and lived in Mr. Ye's home, I found that he was very serious about preparing lessons, and almost always used examples of the recent development of thermodynamics to do lectures, which was similar to the lectures of high-level professors abroad. ”
"North Courtyard No. 7" is not only a place for professors to talk about it, but also an activity base for young students to often visit and communicate, students will run to North Courtyard No. 7 when they encounter problems in learning, life and thinking, and Ye Qisun is also responsive to every need, guiding student development with great enthusiasm and patience. Thus, it became their common home.
Ye Qisun trained a number of scientists in his lifetime. Among the 23 recipients of the "Two Bombs and One Star" Meritorious Service Medal, 7 are students trained by Ye Qisun in the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University (Qian Sanqiang, Zhao Jiuzhang, Wang Ganchang, Peng Huanwu, Chen Fangyun, Wang Daheng, Zhou Guangzhao), 2 are students of the Physics Department of Southwest United University (Deng Jiaxian and Zhu Guangya), and the other Wang Xiji, although a student of the Department of Mechanics, also took Mr. Ye Qisun's physics course. Two Chinese Nobel Laureates in Physics, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao, also explored the world of physics in Ye Qisun's classroom when they were at Southwest United University. Ye Qisun has devoted his life's energy to China's education and science cause, and is a well-deserved "master of the master".
Although his "North Courtyard No. 7" small canteen is not a "burrow", it has truly achieved "talking and laughing with Hongru, and there is no white Ding". The members of the "No. 7 Rice Ball of the North Academy" have successively become a generation of masters in various disciplines in the mainland, shouldering the historical responsibility of creating a modern curriculum system and teaching methods for many disciplines in the mainland.
Today, most of the buildings in the North Courtyard have turned into the dust of history, but countless latecomers will continue to follow in the footsteps of the masters. From Ye Qisun and his "No. 7 Rice Ball of the North Courtyard", we saw the wind and responsibility of the literati, and it was as if we had glimpsed the era of change and change but the stars were shining.
Attached is the incomplete list of members of the "North Courtyard No. 7 Rice Ball":
Ye Qisun
Physicist, educator, and one of the founders of modern Chinese physics
Director of tsinghua university council, director of tsinghua university department of physics, first academician of academia sinensis
Chen Daisun
Economist and educator
Professor and Head of the Department of Economics, Tsinghua University, Dean of the School of Law
Scarlett
Hydroelectric power scientist and engineering educator
Professor and Head of the Department of Hydraulic Engineering of Tsinghua University, Founder of China Hydropower Engineering Society
Saben Dong
Physicist and electrical engineering expert
Professor of the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University, President of Xiamen University, First Academician of Academia Sinica
Jin Yuelin
Philosopher and logician
Dean of the Department of Philosophy and Dean of the Faculty of Liberal Arts at Tsinghua University
Zhang Xiruo
Political scientist and educator
He is the head of the Department of Political Science at Tsinghua University, one of the founders of education in modern China, and the proposer of the name of the "People's Republic of China"
Money goes up
Jurist and political scientist
He participated in the drafting of China's first constitution, is a professor at the Department of Political Science at Tsinghua University, and the first dean of the Beijing University of Political Science and Law (now China University of Political Science and Law).
Jiang Tingdi
Historian and diplomat
He is the head of the Department of History at Tsinghua University and a pioneer in the teaching and research of modern Chinese diplomatic history
Ye Gongchao
Diplomat and calligrapher
Professor of The Department of Foreign Literature at Tsinghua University
Zhou Peiyuan
Fluid mechanics and educator
One of the founders of modern Chinese mechanics and theoretical physics
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Source | Humanities Tsinghua Forum
Typography | Mou Hui
Edit | Mou Hui Zhao Shujing
Thanks | School History Museum
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