Today, I will tell you the story of Miao Boying, the "first female party member of the CPC."
"Propagating the red-hot red party", this is Li Dazhao's praise for Miao Boying.
Miao Boying was born into a family of scholars. In 1919, she entered the Department of Physics and Chemistry of Beijing Women's Higher Normal School with the first place in the Changsha Regional Examination. At that time, Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu, and others edited the "New Youth" magazine in Beijing, and Miao Boying often went to Peking University to listen to the courses taught by Li Dazhao and became a loyal student of Li Dazhao.
In March 1920, Miao Boying joined the Marxist Theory Research Society of Peking University, and together with the members immersed himself in the study of Marxism-Leninism, translating mimeographed Marxist-Leninist works, and secretly circulating progressive books and periodicals. In September of the same year, Miao Boying joined the Beijing Socialist Youth League. In November of the same year, the early organization of the Communist Party of Beijing, which was personally formed by Li Dazhao, recruited comrades such as Miao Boying, He Mengxiong, and Deng Zhongxia from the Youth League.
Since then, Miao Boying has actively participated in the founding activities of the Communist Party of China.
In July 1921, the Communist Party of China was officially born in Shanghai. Miao Boying was the only woman among the first party members, and she also became the first female party member in the history of the Chinese Communist Party.
The famous "heroic couple" in the history of the Communist Party of China refers to Miao Boying and He Mengxiong. After the marriage of "Ying" and "Xiong" in August 1921, their home became a liaison station and secret stronghold of the party organization.
On May 21, 1924, due to the traitor's whistle-blowing, the Beiyang government secretly ordered the police inspector general of the Beijing Division to arrest Miao Boying and others. On the same day that Miao Boying received the transfer notice, he left Beijing and went south and returned to Hunan. Under the employment of Xu Teli, the principal of the first female division of the province, Miao Boying served as the principal (principal) of the attached small school and continued to work for the party.
After the failure of the First Revolution in 1927, He Mengxiong served as a member of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Miao Boying came to Shanghai with her husband and served as the director of the Women's Committee of The Central Shanghai District. At that time, Shanghai was shrouded in white terror, but Miao Boying still tried every means to carry out revolutionary work, and at the same time was mentally prepared to sacrifice for the revolution.
The intense revolutionary work made Miao Boying eat irregularly, have no fixed place to live, wear stars and wear the moon, hold candles to dan, and eventually accumulate labor and become ill. In October 1929, the 30-year-old Miao Boying suddenly suffered typhoid fever and was admitted to the hospital.
When his life was in danger, Miao Boying still had the party's cause in mind. Although at this time her closest revolutionary comrade-in-arms and life partner, He Mengxiong, was being ostracized by the erroneous line of the "Left" in the Party, she had no doubts about the Party's cause and did not waver in her loyalty to the Party. She said to He Mengxiong: "Since I promised the party with my own body, I should sacrifice for the cause of the party, but I am dying of illness and have not been able to die on the battlefield. Meng Xiong, you must resolutely fight until victory! If you remarry, be kind to the two children of Zhongjiu and Xiaoying, so that they can grow up healthily and continue our aspirations. ”
Miao Boying finally bid farewell to her unfinished business and left a pair of children behind. Three months later, her husband, He Mengxiong, was also killed by the Kuomintang at the Longhua Execution Ground in Shanghai. Their lovely sons and daughters were lost in the war when the Japanese army attacked Shanghai in 1932, and have not been heard from since.
Executive planning Responsible supervisor 丨 Xiao Huazhi
Copywriting Authorization丨China Founder Publishing House "The Story of the Chinese Communists"
Edited by Liu Shishi He Xingmei Chen Cheng
Editing design 丨 He Xingmei
Anchor 丨 Chen Cheng
Review 丨Ran Biao Xu Yan
Chief Planner Director System 丨 Tang Chunlin Yang Anjun
Producer 丨 Yang Shuhong
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