Editor's Note
The following paragraph of "Journey to the West" has appeared in TV series and cartoons many times, making many young readers envy the days of heaven and earth for a year.
"Journey to the West" was written in the Ming Dynasty and is a long divine and demonic novel of Zhang Hui body. The author is based on the background of the monk Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty who traveled to India on foot, and recreated it based on Chinese folklore, scripts and operas. There is no scientific basis for the statement in the book that heaven is one day and one year on earth.
In fact, astronauts who perform missions in space age faster than those of us who live on Earth, which also shows the huge efforts of astronauts.
On April 16, the return module of the Shenzhou 13 manned spacecraft was draped with a large red and white umbrella, and landed steadily at the Dongfeng landing field, sending the three astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu, who had been "on business" in space for half a year, back to the ground safely. So far, the Shenzhou XIII manned spacecraft has achieved many firsts and completed its mission brilliantly. After the safe landing, the challenges faced by astronauts are not over.
Lack of strength and imbalance
After the return module lands, ground search and rescue personnel will soon be able to arrive at the scene to assist the astronauts in opening the hatch and welcoming them out of the capsule.
We can often see several ground search and rescue personnel carrying astronauts out of the capsule, this is because within 48 hours of the astronauts landing, there will be erect intolerance, they are in space in a floating manner, and the ground after the gravity of the earth can not float up, a short period of time there will be a lack of strength and imbalance.
It may also be accompanied by symptoms such as dizziness and even nausea and dizziness. In the field of astronautics, this is generally referred to as a "long hangover". After the on-site medical staff will check the physical condition of the astronauts and determine that there is not much of a problem, there will be special staff to escort the astronauts to the isolation point.
Several aspects reflect aging faster
When astronauts return to Earth, they are not immediately reunited with friends and family, but undergo a 14-day quarantine. Why quarantine?
Huang Weifen, the head of astronaut coaching, revealed that providing astronauts with a two-week isolation period is not to worry that they will bring back space viruses, but because long-term space life will reduce astronauts' physical immunity.
Insignificant germs on the earth can cause astronauts to suffer from a serious cold or other disease, for the sake of astronauts' life safety, they must be isolated, not allowing them to contact the outside world, isolation before departure is also for this purpose.
Many people may not understand why the space environment with real oxygen will reduce the resistance of astronauts. Because astronauts on missions in space may age faster than we do, there's a scientific basis for that. It is mainly reflected in: muscle atrophy, vision loss, immune dysfunction, partial bone loss and blood vessel aging and other aspects. Living in a weightless space environment, astronauts almost all appear to float, at this time do not need too many muscles to participate in the movement, do not need to maintain a state of stretching, over time, these muscles will become smaller according to the principle of exhaustion.
Usually, astronauts lose nearly 20 percent of their muscles in less than half a month after they enter space, but if astronauts can exercise on the space station, this rate of reduction can be slowed down. In addition, long-term space life will also lead to astronauts with symptoms of bone loss, usually we increase the pressure on the bones through muscle exercise, which will promote the growth of bone tissue, but in space, muscles are unlikely to play an actual role, so the pressure on the bones will be greatly reduced.
According to scientific research, astronauts lose about 1.5% of their bone tissue every month they spend in space, and on the ground, it usually takes the elderly a year to lose the same amount of bone tissue.
So we often see that the three astronauts of Shenzhou XIII exercise on the space station in order to reduce bone loss and muscle atrophy.
Moreover, astronauts living in space, without the protection of the Earth's atmosphere, may be exposed to more space radiation, including both solar radiation and high-energy cosmic rays from outer space, although astronauts generally live on the space station, but these radiations will also produce secondary particles when colliding with the aluminum outer wall of the space station, causing damage to the astronaut's body when entering the space station.
There is also, the space environment will also cause damage to the astronaut's blood vessels, so that the arteries appear hardening symptoms, before reading a paper in an authoritative journal, this paper has a special study of astronaut arteriosclerosis: if you stay in space for 6 months, the degree of arteriosclerosis will be equivalent to 10 to 20 years on the ground, but fortunately, this bad situation may be reversed after the astronaut returns to Earth.
Of course, the most consistent with the isolation reason is that the space environment will cause astronaut immune dysfunction, first of all, the space environment is relatively safe, there are not as many bacteria and viruses on the earth, so the body's immune cells may appear "sabotage" phenomenon.
In addition, space radiation will also reduce some of the astronauts' immune cells, and the reason for this kind will cause the astronauts' physical resistance to decline, immune dysfunction and other situations, so they must carry out special medical isolation in the first two weeks after returning to Earth.
Received medical recuperation for nearly half a year
After medical isolation, astronauts are required to undergo two periods of medical treatment and recovery for nearly half a year. During these two convalescent periods, astronauts also need to overcome other maladaptations in addition to the body, and need to adjust their living habits.
In the weightless environment, astronauts are always accustomed to putting some small things or small objects in front of them and letting them levitate, this habit that has been formed is difficult to change for a period of time after returning to the earth, and because things of different weights can float in space, astronauts do not know how much force should be used to catch them after returning to the earth, and this situation requires astronauts to correct it after a long period of adaptation.
The other is to adjust the habits of work and rest. Astronauts on missions in space can see almost 16 sunrises a day, which is a flash
The dark environment will disrupt the rhythm of astronauts' lives, and they will curl up in smaller sleeping bags when they sleep, and fixed to the bulkhead of the space station, and when they return to Earth, they will also have many adaptations in the face of such an empty bed.
A little more news >>
Landing first meal: more than 20 dishes personalized customization Hand-rolled noodles must eat
After the Thirteenth Astronaut opened the warehouse and returned, what did he eat for the first meal? It is understood that the first meal has more than 20 dishes, mainly light taste. Xu Chong, director of the Medical Supervision and Medical Insurance Office of the China Astronaut Scientific Research and Training Center, said that according to the characteristics of the landing field, full consideration should be given to the nutritional combination suitable for the physical condition of the astronauts.
The menus prepared for the Shenzhou 13 astronauts include noodles, millet porridge, vinegar slip potato shreds, vinegar slip cabbage, squeezed vegetables, Sichuan flavor sausages, cucumbers, tomatoes... Very informative and all personalized.
Chinese pay attention to "getting on the car dumplings, getting off the noodles", so the astronauts came back for the first meal, and there was a bowl of hot hand-rolled noodles. I believe that astronauts will be very happy after eating the first meal after returning to Earth. Huang Weifen, the astronaut 'chief instructor', said in an interview that before the astronauts returned, they had communicated and solicited opinions, and they also said they wanted to eat noodles.
It is understood that medical supervision and medical security personnel are in close contact with astronauts on a regular basis, including communicating what astronauts want to eat. Almost everyone says they want to eat squeezed vegetables, and shredded potatoes with vinegar are also popular.
According to media reports, the three astronauts of Shenjiu, Jing Haipeng, Liu Wang, and Liu Yang, ate porridge, flower rolls, pickles, stir-fried vegetables, fruits, stewed lamb and some electrolyte drinks for their first meal on earth.
Shenshi astronauts Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaoguang ate small flower rolls, egg fried rice, rice porridge, noodle porridge, sauce beef, stir-fried potato shreds, stir-fried broccoli, kale and radish stewed lamb, accompanied by apples and peaches.
The three astronauts, Huang Jia, Lin Hai and Wang Chunxu, ate small steamed buns, flower rolls, rice, rice porridge, chicken stew with mushrooms, stewed lamb with white radish, stir-fried rape, shredded potatoes with vinegar and shredded pickles.
According to CCTV News, Xinhua News Agency, Upstream News
(Please click "Read Newspaper" or "Service" to open the first edition of Chongqing Morning News for more information)
Editor | Xie Bing