The "jade cabbage" preserved by the Palace Museum in Beijing, the Tianjin Museum, and the National Palace Museum in Taipei, Taiwan, is well known, but its history is not far away, and experts have discussed Qing Dynasty objects. However, in a personal "farming culture museum" in Tianjin, there is a "jade cabbage" that has been "raised in the deep and unknown".
Recently, after expert argumentation, this "jade cabbage" is the Material of Shangpinhe Milled Jade in the Xiuyan Jade Mine Belt of Liaoning Province, and there are vague artificial polishing traces on it, and the age is suspected of being a Neolithic artifact in the Xiaogushan Mountain of Haicheng, Anshan, Liaoning in ancient times.
The size of the "jade cabbage".
There is a "Farming Culture Museum" in Wuqing District, Tianjin, which is a monument to "Chinese Historical Farming Tools" built by Zhou Shuchun, a "prodigy" in Chinese folk collections, with his 26 years of time and half a lifetime of hard work. After visiting the "Wanbaozhai Farming Culture Museum" founded by him, many experts said that the jade tools collected by Zhou Shuchun have great historical and cultural value, and the farthest time span can reach about 20,000 years. Among Zhou Shuchun's many collection items, a "jade cabbage" with "ingenious craftsmanship" has become the "treasure of the town hall" of the museum.
Not long ago, Professor Wang Shiqi, director of the Rock and Mineral Teaching and Research Office of the former Department of Geology of Peking University, director of the Teaching and Research Department of Mineral Deposits, currently a director of the China Gem and Jade Association, an advisor to the Jade Professional Committee, and a scientific adviser to the China Ornamental Stone Association, came to this museum, and he said that Zhou Shuchun's collection number, wide distribution area, and good quality of jade are rare folk collection treasures. Judging from the quality of the jade in the collection, most of them are river mill jade and wood jade, and these jades are all produced in Liaoning Xiuyan and Xiuyan jade belts. When Wang Shiqi saw this "jade cabbage", he was surprised to say that it was a unique treasure. After repeated observation, testing, and confirmation, Wang Shiqi felt that this was a piece of fine river grinding jade.
Wang Shiqi identified jade and its origin.
Professor Fu Renyi, a researcher at the Liaoning Provincial Institute of Archaeology, the head of archaeology of the Xianren Cave in Xiaogushan Mountain, Haicheng, Liaoning, a doctoral supervisor and a paleoanthropologist, is full of great interest in this "jade cabbage" and gives it a high evaluation. Fu Renyi flipped back and forth several times when he saw this "jade cabbage" and after careful observation, he said: The root path and leaf veins of this jade cabbage are artificially made by history, and the natural color of the milky white of the root path is the original color of the current cabbage. The leaf surface is emerald green, the texture is clear, and the veins of the leaves have obvious rough traces of artificial polishing.
Fu Renyi carefully observed the polishing traces of "jade cabbage".
Fu Renyi analyzed that since this "jade cabbage" is a good river mill jade material, then this material itself has high value. And this primitive and rough artificial polishing trace indicates that it should be a work of the Neolithic era and even more distant ancient times. The origin of Chinese cabbage has a long history of cultivation, according to research, the cabbage seeds found in the original village site of Xi'an Banpo in the Neolithic period in China are about 6,000 to 7,000 years old. According to current living customs, the area where cabbage is most cultivated is the northeast region. Then this piece of "jade cabbage" from the Xiuyan jade mining belt belongs to the Xiaogushan area of Haicheng, Liaoning. The late Paleolithic and Neolithic cultural sites and relics excavated in the XiaoguShan Cave date from 40,000 to 10,000 years ago. In this way, this "jade cabbage" has a high historical and cultural value, and whether it can promote the advance of planting culture in northeast China is a topic worth studying.
If this "jade cabbage" is naturally formed, it has great historical value. First, the material of river mill jade is rare, and it is the first candidate stone of national stone; Second, the ancients on the mainland have a history of cultivating cabbage for 6000 or 7000 years, and this cabbage is either the totem of the ancients or the ceremonial instrument of that era. This object is of great value to our study of the history of Chinese vegetables, so the historical and cultural value and economic value of this "jade cabbage" are both important. In the future, this "jade cabbage" will be an important treasure of the exhibition.
According to the records, there are 6 "jade cabbages" in existence on the mainland. The most famous "Jade Cabbage" is in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, 18.7 cm long, 9.1 cm wide and 5.07 cm thick; The second is the green and yellow jade cabbage, about 13.4 cm in height, called "jade cabbage"; There is also a tree called "jade flower cabbage", which measures: 24.3 cm long and 12.8 cm in diameter. In the Tianjin Museum, there is a tree with dimensions of 19.4 cm in length, 14 cm in width, and a weight of 2 kg. There is also a "jade cabbage" in the Palace Museum in Beijing. furthermore. Another tree that was lost after the tomb robbery incident of the warlord Sun Dianying did not know the end.
According to observations, the "jade cabbage" treasured by Zhou Shuchun is 50 centimeters long, 17 centimeters wide and 10 centimeters thick, and the weight of the "jade cabbage" is 9.3 kilograms.
Zhou Shuchun said that for a folk collector, hobbies are the premise, research is a must, learning is eternal, and he has been walking on the road of collection and learning. According to the experts' appraisal standards for jade collections, five aspects such as material, craftsmanship, conception, history and culture, and popularity are required to be arranged. At present, the "jade cabbage" that exists in China belongs to the "important cultural relics", not the level of national treasures. The level of national treasures should have conditions such as historical irreplaceability, unique cultural connotations, long age, and uniqueness. A large number of jade tools that he treasured from the beginning of his collection of agricultural tools to now all stem from his love for agriculture, his love for culture, and his love for history. I also hope that my collection can have a new exploration of China's historical farming field and inject new connotations into China's history and culture. (Wen Zhang Shilong Wang Lan Photo: Dong Nannan)