Lu Yueying, who is 88 years old this year, is a representative inheritor of Songkou Mountain Song at the provincial level and has studied mountain songs deeply. The picture shows Lu Yueying teaching children to sing mountain songs, taken in 2016.
Meixian District actively cultivates mountain song "seedlings", and the picture shows that children are seriously learning to sing Hakka mountain songs.
Zhongshan Park in Matsuguchi Town is a place where the masses spontaneously sing mountain songs, often gathering together to sing the original Songkou Mountain Songs.
Matsuguchi Mountain Song Bulletin, a regular publication run by the Matsuguchi Yamagata Association.
The Matsuguchi Yamagata Association is dedicated to the collection, arrangement, collation and publication of mountain songs, and old singers regularly meet to discuss the art of mountain songs.
On the Songkou Fire Boat Pier, Hakka Brothers and Sisters welcome guests from all over the world with melodious Hakka mountain songs.
Matsuguchi Motokui Pagoda is a landmark of Matsuguchi Town, where folk singers from ancient times to the present day often sing mountain songs.
■ Editor's Note
Intangible cultural heritage is a "living fossil" of traditional Chinese culture. Meixian District has a wealth of intangible cultural heritage, they carry the ups and downs and glory of the Hakka people of the past, heeling and forging ahead, is an important part of Hakka culture, but also Meixian District to build a famous city of culture and tourism treasures.
According to statistics, at present, there are 54 representative projects in 9 categories in Meixian District, including traditional music, traditional drama, traditional skills, traditional art, folklore, qu art, folk literature, etc. How to make the intangible cultural heritage hidden in the countryside and urban streets and alleys enter the vision of more people? How to make the ancient skills and folk art infiltrated with the ingenuity of the craftsmen shine with new brilliance?
Borrow the hand of light and shadow, feel the beauty of intangible heritage. "Southern Daily Meixian Window" launched the "New Horizon of Intangible Cultural Heritage Meixian Zhiyi" series of reports from now on, approaching the intangible cultural heritage from multiple perspectives, focusing the lens on the inheritors, and understanding and appreciating the unique charm of traditional culture in one song, one move and one style, one carving and one moment, one stroke and one painting. Please note.
Every mountain will have guests, and where there are guests, there will be songs.
After thousands of years of gestation, Songkou Town, Meixian District, has preserved rich Hakka cultural resources. It is the first stop of the Hakka people's journey to the ocean after the end of the Ming Dynasty, and it has the reputation of "not recognizing the state since ancient Times". As a typical representative of Hakka mountain songs, the Songguchi Hakka Mountain Song began to be conceived and spread from here.
In 2007, it was included in the provincial intangible cultural heritage list
"The Songguchi Hakka Mountain Song was originally a song sung by the working people of Matsuguchi when they were working and resting in the fields of the mountains, and sang across the mountains and rivers, and spread to Hakka cities and villages in their heyday." Liao Shenghua, a representative inheritor of the Songguchi Hakka Mountain Song District, introduced that the Songkou Mountain Song is widely circulated and is known as "from the ancient mountain song Songkou ("Pine" is homophonous with "from" in the Hakka dialect), which has the reputation of the mountain song ship carrying".
"The sound turns with the word, the word is round" is the most prominent feature of Songkou Mountain Song, and unlike other hakka mountain songs in other regions, Songkou Mountain Songs use Songkou spoken word groups, and its basic tune is different from other Regional Hakka Mountain Songs. According to reports, its tunes are rich and colorful, the cavity plate is diverse, the cavity is like stringing silk, winding toughness, euphemistic and rounded, very emotional, and in 2007 was included in the list of intangible cultural heritage of Guangdong Province.
The older generation of Hakka people love to sing mountain songs, popularize the townships in Meixian District, and everywhere they go, they can hear sweet songs reverberating on both sides of the Meijiang River, flying in the countryside of Weizhen, just as the mountain song sings "day and day mountain songs to send food, night and night to sleep song pillow".
However, with the change of ideology and lifestyle, Matsuguchi Mountain Song has faced the dilemma of inheritance and dissemination, and the custom of spontaneous singing by the masses has gradually declined. In order to better inherit and develop this ancient art of mountain songs, as early as 1998, many elderly people who love to sing mountain songs in Songkou Town spontaneously organized the Establishment of the Songkou Mountain Song Association, and ran their own regular publication "Songkou Mountain Song Bulletin" to inherit the mountain song culture with actions.
In addition to non-governmental organizations, in recent years, government departments and professional mountain opera troupes have attached great importance to the excavation and protection, inheritance and innovation of Hakka mountain songs. Meixian District has been approved as the Hakka Mountain Song Inheritance and Protection Center - Hakka Mountain Song (Songkou Hakka Mountain Song), which is a provincial non-genetic inheritance base integrating inheritance training, rehearsal, performance and other functions. The base conducts research on the development history of Songkou Mountain Song, establishes an academic platform for non-genetic inheritors and a demonstration base for teaching and research inheritance, and plays an active role in the protection, inheritance, development and cultivation of non-genetic inheritors in the protection, inheritance, development and cultivation of people's quality.
At the same time, we should protect the representative inheritors of intangible cultural heritage, give play to the role of non-genetic inheritors in "passing on and helping", combine Hakka intangible cultural heritage training and learning methods, cultivate the younger generation of intangible cultural heritage talents, and better inherit and develop intangible cultural heritage art.
Carry forward the culture of mountain songs in various forms and start a cultural business card
"We often invite Teacher Tang Mingzhe, Teacher Zhang Xianyun and other seniors to open the class and learn the professional style of the older generation of teachers." Liu Qianlong, a representative inheritor of the Songkou Hakka Mountain Song district, said that under the leadership of generations of artists and old predecessors, the inheritance and promotion of the new generation of Hakka mountain songs in Meixian District has achieved remarkable results.
Walking into the Meixian District Xincheng Central Primary School, I heard a melodious Hakka mountain song coming out of the classroom, following the song, and the children of the school's mountain song class were learning the singing voice and performance of the mountain song with a blank eye.
"The mountain song class is divided into a primary class of singing and a class of improvement, and each session will select 50 students with good sound conditions and interest in mountain songs to enter the primary class of mountain songs to learn mountain song knowledge and singing basic skills." Huang Wenbin, deputy principal of the primary school, said.
"Meixian District insisted on building a cultural brand, actively carried out Hakka mountain songs into rural areas, communities, campuses, enterprises, and institutions, enriched the cultural life of the masses, and continuously promoted the inheritance, protection and development of Hakka mountain songs." Fang Yuping, director of the public service unit of the Meixian District Culture, Radio, Television and Tourism Bureau, introduced.
On the one hand, it invites the inheritors of national intangible cultural heritage and provincial and municipal experts to go deep into primary and secondary schools and kindergartens to conduct teaching and counseling, carry out Hakka mountain songs into the classroom, and compile mountain songs to form school-based teaching materials. For example, Xincheng Central Primary School requires music teachers to make full use of the school-based teaching materials of mountain songs, and each class must teach at least two Hakka mountain songs per semester. Today, when the school's students graduate from elementary school, almost everyone can sing more than 20 authentic Hakka mountain songs.
On the other hand, it is to carry out the Meixian District New Era Civilization Practice Activity - "Our Chinese Dream , Culture into Ten Thousand Homes" literary and artistic tour performance, to 19 townships in the district to hold Hakka mountain song training classes, condolence performances and carry out drama to the countryside performance activities. Data show that in the past three years, Meixian District has accumulated 618 cultural performances to benefit the people and sent plays to the countryside, serving 810,000 people, and organizing more than 140 mountain song trainings.
Meixian District adheres to the work idea of "carrying forward the culture of mountain songs and making a cultural business card", creates a characteristic brand of folk culture and art, increases the inheritance and protection of Hakka mountain songs, deeply excavates the excellent folk cultural resources of Hakka mountain songs, promotes the integration of culture and tourism, boosts rural revitalization, and promotes the protection, inheritance and innovative development of Hakka mountain songs folk culture and art in Meixian District.
Text/Wang Siting
Courtesy of respondents