The poem speaks new language‖ the green poplar smoke outside the dawn is cold, and the red apricot branches are full of spring

Wen 丨 Wang Yanan (Intern Researcher, Poetry and Wine Culture Research Center, Fangtang Think Tank)

"Spring Scenery of Yulou Spring"

—— Song Dynasty Song Qi

The East City gradually felt that the scenery was good, and the wrinkles and ripples welcomed the guests.

The green poplar smoke is cold and light, and the red apricot branches are full of spring.

Floating growth hates joy and entertainment, and ken loves Qianjin and smiles lightly.

For the king to hold the wine to persuade the sun, and to leave a late photo between the flowers.

After about a week of "spring cold", the temperature has reached more than 10 ° again, approaching 20 °, and spring has really come gently and cheerfully. The flowers, grasses, birds, and people hiding from the cold stream came out slowly, and the cheerful kites on the grass flew up in the jogging of parents and children, and all kinds of flowers on the branches were about to bloom.

There is a phenomenon in ancient poetry that people know more famous sentences than famous poems, more than famous poets. For example, everyone is familiar with "an inch of time and an inch of gold", but how many people know who Wang Zhenbai is, and what is the poem of "White Deer Cave"? There are also famous sentences such as "There is wine in this dynasty and drunk in this dynasty", "Amorous hatred since ancient times", "Mountain rain wants to come to the wind full of buildings" and so on.

Similarly, most people may not know who Song Qi is, but most of them have heard the magic of the phrase "red apricot branches are full of spring". Because of this sentence, Song Qi was also called "Red Apricot Shangshu" by the people of the time. Among them, "Red Apricot" marks Song Qi's style as a literati, and "Shangshu" records Song Qi's highest achievements as an official.

It is said that this poem was written in 1060 AD (the fifth year of Song Renzong Jiayou), and the New Book of Tang, which Song Qi and Ouyang Xiu had compiled for more than ten years, was finally completed, and Song Qi moved Zuo Cheng to the Ministry of Works because of his meritorious writing. This word should have been written during the Reign of Song Qi, and the specific time of creation is unknown.

Ouyang Xiu was the leader of the literary circle at that time, and Song Qi could co-edit history with him, which showed Song Qi's academic cultivation. During the Northern Song Dynasty, there were many famous brothers and talents, like Ouyang Xiu's apprentice and successor Su Shi, and his younger brother Su Rui were a pair, and the "Biography of Su Shi Su Shi" recorded that Song Renzong was greatly appreciated and overjoyed after reading the examination papers of Su Shi and Su Rui brothers, and returned to the harem to say to Empress Cao: "Today for the descendants of the two prime ministers!" Song Qi and his elder brother Song Yu, then known as the "Ersu", were a generation older than the Ersu and scored even higher than the Ersu in the imperial examination.

According to the "History of Song", Song Qi and his brother Song Yu were admitted to the jinshi at the same time, and the Rebbe proposed that Song Qi would be the first and Song Qi would be the third. Empress Dowager Zhang Xian believed that two of the three brothers were three out of three, which did not conform to the principle of the imperial examination, and could not let the brother promote Song Qi to the first place before the elder brother, and put Song Qi in the tenth place. Although Song Qi lost the title of Zhuangyuan for this reason, the reputation of the "Second Song" still spread throughout the capital, and the "Shuangzhuangyuan" was once rumored to be a beautiful talk, and the "Shuangzhuangyuan Pagoda" of Shangqiu, Henan, once recorded this good story.

Shuangzhuangyuan Pagoda is located in QingfengDong, Yongqiu, Kaifeng (present-day Shuangtaji Village, Shuangta Township, Minquan County, Shangqiu, Henan Province). Buddhism was extremely popular in the Tang Dynasty, and at the end of the Tang Dynasty, a zongcheng temple was built in this village, and there were two floating tusks built in the temple, known as the Twin Pagodas. In the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1024), the brothers Song Yu and Song Qi in the village entered the army and the first together, and they were "double-shaped", and there was a certain connection and induction between the achievements of the two brothers and the "twin towers" in their hometown, so the "twin towers" were called "double towers", and the name of the village was also changed to "double tower village".

Once the twin towers are about 20 meters high, the tower body has steps, can be picked up to the top of the tower, in the Mid-Autumn Festival, ascending to the far horizon, the sky is clear, the golden wind is fluttering, the leaves are xiaoxiao, the previous people called it "Twin Towers Autumn Wind", once listed as the first of the "Eight Views of Qixian County" (its place originally belonged to Qixian County).

Some people say that Song Qi's life was "an official who worried about the country and the people politically and dared to give advice; in life he was a writer who practiced pleasure in a timely manner and was full of wisdom; and he was a diligent and rigorous scholar who was full of economy and economy in his studies." The romantic multiplicity of his life is evident in the word.

"Go to the eastern outskirts of the city to take a youth tour, feel the scenery getting better and better, and the beautiful boats are driving slowly on the rippled water. The willows at the water's edge are shrouded in light smoke, the cold air currents have receded, and only the blooming apricot blossoms on the branches are competing for spring. Life is always floating and uncertain, time is short, why do you often have to resent and distress, how can you be stingy and despise the smile of a beautiful person? Raise your glass with friends, enjoy the sunset together, and persuade the sunset to stay a little longer among the flowers for our joyful party. ”

This song is written from the lake, it may be a long time in the cold winter, or it may be a long time in the city, suddenly into the spring, what you see in front of you is bright and bright, as if to make yourself fade stiff and tired, so I feel "spring is good". The water of the lake is free from the shackles of winter, light and cheerful, like a light veil, blown out of the folds by the spring wind. This is not only a natural change, but also a change in the human body and mind. From winter to spring, people will feel light in body and mind, and everything will be refreshing. Lake water, green poplars, light smoke, red apricots, everywhere spring, Song Qi painted a vibrant, colorful early spring picture for us.

"Red apricot branches are full of spring", which has always been praised by people, and the lyricist has written a full of spring and vigorous vitality with it. Liu Tiren of the Qing Dynasty said in his "Seven Songs of the Hall of Words": "The red apricot branches are full of spring, and the word 'noisy' is extraordinary for eternity." Wang Guowei said in "Words and Sayings on Earth": "Write a 'trouble' word, and the realm is all out." ”

However, some people say that it is not used well, and Li Yu of the Qing Dynasty said in the "Peeping Word Pipe View": "The struggle is noisy, the peach and Plum are fighting for spring, the red apricot is spring, and the real is not seen." The word 'noisy' can be used, then the word 'noisy', the word 'fighting', the word 'fighting' can all be used... The word "noisy" is extremely vulgar and cannot be heard, not only can it not be added to this sentence, but it is not a poem that should not be seen. ”

In fact, now those who have studied Chinese know that there is a kind of rhetoric called synaesthesia, where people's audiovisual feelings are interconnected, and the silent static picture is said to be a dynamic scene with sound, as if the auditory feeling is obtained in the vision. Not only does it make people feel that the apricot blossoms are red and warm, but it can even make people think of bees and butterflies flying on the flowers, and spring birds chirping, thus feeling the lively vitality brought by spring.

The next reasoning narrative, the lyricist is attracted and moved by the spring light in front of him, and instead thinks of those who usually complain about the troubles of life and lament the shortness of life, and think of those who are busy all day, chasing fame and profit, it really shouldn't be ah, in the good spring light, what is comparable to the beauty in front of you to smile? Maybe it can also be one's own loved one. At this time, you should put aside all worries and fame and fortune, enjoy the beautiful scenery and wine, laugh with your friends and family, and live up to the beautiful spring light.

It has been explained that "the lyricist says that life is like a dream, nothingness, and fleeting, so it should be done in time to be happy, reflecting the idea of 'floating like a dream, for the joy of geometry'" and "happy thinking". I think it is a bit negative to think like this, at this time the writer should be the spring beauty, sunshine and healthy spirit of the yearning, to the human yearning for a beautiful, create a happy life of praise, this feeling even if not for the lyricist should have, but also for our current people should have, especially now that spring is coming, the epidemic is invading the moment.

In fact, most of the ancients had the custom of "Flower Dynasty Festival", according to the "Guangqun Fangpu Tianshi Spectrum II" quoted in the "Chengzhai Poetry": "Tokyo (now Kaifeng) February 12 flower dynasty, for the butterfly festival. He also quoted the "Book of Hanmo": "Luoyang customs, with February 2 as the Flower Dynasty Festival." Shishu play, but also for the picking of vegetables festival. "The festival time varies from place to place, but it's all in early spring.

By the Qing Dynasty, February 15 was generally the Flower Dynasty in the north, and February 12 as the Flower Day in the south. Flower Dynasty Festival, refers to the birthday of The Hundred Flowers of China, referred to as the Flower Dynasty, also known as the "Flower God Festival" and "Hundred Peanuts Day", during the festival, people go to the suburbs to enjoy the flowers, called "stepping on the green", the girls cut five-color paper and stick it on the flower branches, called "red viewing".

Now this festive atmosphere has faded, or even disappeared. In a city where reinforced concrete and automobile roads are visible, artificially planted flowers and trees seem to have become the same necessary facilities as the street lights on both sides of the street, rather than being able to let people put aside their worries, put down their labor, and enjoy and indulge in beautiful scenery.

I sometimes wonder why the ancients could write such good poetry articles, and later I understood that in ancient times, they got along with nature a lot, the ancients talked about "the unity of heaven and man" and "the teaching of nature", they regarded themselves as part of nature, and naturally exercised their careful observation, rich emotions and healthy spirit. I think that on the occasion of this spring, I would like to solemnly appeal to everyone: return to nature and enjoy the beauty of spring!

Editor: Yuan Yuan 丨 Editor: Xu Fengchao 丨Design: Sun Yueyuan