Clear water out of the hibiscus, natural to carve ornaments.
- Li Bai
This is a poem written by the Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai when praising Wei Taishou's articles for its natural freshness, and at the same time it is also the poet's poetry experience that advocates that poetry should be pure and natural, and opposes decorative carving.
Not only poetry, but any kind of literary work, that kind of pure and natural style that is like a hibiscus in the water and without any carving will also bring people the enjoyment and experience of beauty. When it comes to the enjoyment and experience of beauty, among the "generation of literature" Song Ci, which is parallel to the twin peaks of poetry, there are many works of pure beauty and nature.
No, there is a Northern Song Dynasty poet named Zhou Bangyan, although his style of words is known for his meticulous craftsmanship, he has also written a lot of fresh and natural lyrics. Among them, this "Su Mu Sha" is one of them, and the original words are as follows:
Burn the incense and cool off. Birds and finches call out to the sun, invading the eaves. The first sun on the leaves is dry and rainy, the water surface is clear, and the wind is lifted.
Hometown Haruka, when to go? The family lives in Wumen, and has long been a Chang'an brigade. May fisherman reminiscences? Xiao Yu light boat, dreaming into Furong Pu.
Zhou Bangyan was born in Hangzhou in a scholarly mendi, from childhood love music, wonderful interpretation of music, the lyricist from the age of sixteen left his hometown, to jingzhou, Bieliang and other places thousands of miles away to study, 27-year-old Zhou Bangyan presented the "Fendu Fu", appreciated by Song Shenzong, was appointed as Taixuezheng, and has since entered the career.
However, Zhou Bangyan did not enter the career path by the imperial examination, so his career journey was also quite tortuous, and for a long time, he held a small official position. After ten years of dedication, he was able to serve as a county commander in Lishui, and his lyrics also contained themes such as parting and sorrow, tired guests thinking of homecoming, and career travel, and the word "tired guest" alone appeared more than once.
In his lyrics "Man Ting Fang" written by Lishui Wuxiangshan, there is an emotional outpouring of "haggard Jiangnan tired guests, unbearable to hear, anxious to manage the strings". The lyricist has fallen to the end of the world, depressed, can only borrow wine to pour sorrow, and even has no heart song, just want to sleep quietly, and his life is bitter.
In this case, when you are away from home, the sense of wandering and anxiety of loneliness and loneliness is particularly strong, and the longing for your hometown is particularly strong.
This poem "Su Mu Sha", is the lyricist guest living in Bieliang, in the summer after a rainy morning filled in, in the birds and finches cheerful chirping, the lyricist saw the sun shining under the rain after the wind lotus, can't help but think of a thousand thoughts, how much everything in front of the eyes is like the scenery of Jiangnan hometown.
However, "hometown is far away, when to go", a kind of wandering thoughts of a guest in a foreign country haunt the mind, the lyricist's strong homesickness, to the lotus flower, the conception is ingenious and unique, after repeated chanting, only to find that the lyricist's arrangement of time and the layout of the structure is so exquisite: the ending sentence "Xiao Kai light boat, dreaming into FurongPu", is actually the real starting point of the time of the word.
Why? Because Zhou Bangyan was living in Bieliang when he made this statement, he had not returned to his hometown for many years, and he missed his hometown very much.
Therefore, the "small boat, dreaming into Furongpu" mentioned at the end is actually the lyricist's description of the dream, he did not return to his hometown, but returned to his hometown in his dream, paddling a brisk boat, through the happy scene of the lotus flower.
And when he woke up from the dream, the poet was still in a foreign land, and his hometown was still so far away from him, so the feeling of loss and loss was born. This is not only a reproduction of the lyricist's artistic technique, but also the deep embodiment of the lyricist's homesickness.
It is in this situation that there is a scene atmosphere in the opening sentence "Burning incense, eliminating the heat", and the word "summer" not only describes the humid heat of summer, but also reveals the mood of homesickness. The writer is bored and lights up a pot of agarwood, not only to eliminate the damp and hot atmosphere, but also to alleviate the boring homesickness.
Therefore, a seemingly bland opening is actually containing a strong nostalgia, and the humid and hot smell of summer and the rising agarwood are the figurative expressions of the writer's constant nostalgia.
"Birds and finches call for the sun, clear dawn peeping eaves", at this moment the birds outside the house after the rain, leading to a more intense homesickness of the lyricist. Prompted by the sound of birds and finches, the writer walked out of the house. The first thing that catches his eye is a pool of lotus flowers swaying in the wind after the first sunshine after the rain, and in the writer's pen, it is "the first sun on the leaf is dry and rainy, the water surface is clear, and the wind is lifted."
At the beginning of the night rain, the sky is clear, the air is fresh and sweet, and a pool of lotus leaves are squeezed together: the lotus leaves floating on the surface of the water, after being moistened by the rain, are more green and more vibrant; the lotus leaves that have just probed the surface of the water seem to be riveted enough to have the strength accumulated under the water, and they strive to open their leaves, infinitely enlarge life, and present themselves in this beautiful summer day.
The first rays of the morning sun sprinkle on the earth, the sun shines on the lotus leaves, the breeze blows across the water, the lotus leaves sway in a moving posture under the breeze, and with the trembling of the lotus leaves, the water droplets on the lotus leaves are like crystal pearls rolling in the jasper plate, flickering.
The water droplets on the lotus leaves absorb light and heat, becoming smaller and smaller, less and less. On the surface of the sparkling water, the pink lotus flowers gently fluttered in the spring breeze, and one by one lifted the crystal clear green cover.
From a distance, it looks like a group of Jiangnan women dressed in red and green dresses singing and dancing! The reason why the lyricist saw the love of the lotus and wrote the lotus flower so realistically, exquisite and lovely, because his hometown of Jiangnan is also a Jiangnan water town where "the lotus leaves are infinitely blue, and the lotus flowers are different from the sun".
In particular, the word "lift" in the sentence is very expressive, and it has an immersive feeling when reading, and it seems to make people see the posture and rhyme of The Lotus Leaf Pavilion in the wind. The word "lift" also reminds the lyricist of a familiar scene, or enters an atmosphere of déjà vu.
Zhou Bangyan described the lotus flowers in the morning, a few words, the words are round, fresh and natural, without any carving, the meaning of the lotus flower rhyme is displayed in front of the reader's eyes, this kind of charm with painting is very expressed, I am afraid that only the use of special effects in modern movies, can show this beautiful and moving, flexible and qingyuan artistic conception.
Zhou Bangyan's lotus words have always been praised, and when the late Qing dynasty lexicographer Wang Guowei read these words, he couldn't help but say: "This is the one who can really get the divine reason of the lotus." "This is a pertinent and apt assessment.
In life, there is never a lack of a pair of eyes that discover and appreciate beauty, and in poetry, there is never a shortage of famous sentences of Yonghe, from "Jiangnan can pick lotus, lotus leaf He Tiantian" to "only green lotus red Han, curly Shu open and close Ren Innocence", from "Three hundred miles of Mirror Lake, Han Bao Fa Lotus" to "Cui Ye blows cool, Jade Rong consumes wine, and sprinkles pu rain".
We cannot say that the sentences of these poems are not aesthetic, but the lotus flowers in these poems are either beautiful rhetorical carvings or empty consciousness feelings, and the natural beauty of the lotus flowers themselves is blurred.
Zhou Bangyan's lotus flowers do have their own superiority, precisely because of the perfect combination of the lyricist's "clear water out of the hibiscus" brushwork and the language of "natural carving", which not only writes the form of the lotus flower, but also transmits the charm of the lotus flower, which can be described as both form and god.
Before the appearance of Zhou Bangyan's chants, most of the chants would choose static observation when choosing the expression method of the chants, even if the main body of the chants was active, the lyricists would also intercept specific static fragments for integration and grouping in the process of creating the chants, and express the dynamics of the things they chanted through the transformation of the picture.
Zhou Bangyan's chants not only express the dynamic presentation of the object itself, but also the dynamic presentation of the communication relationship between the subject and the object.
Zhou Bangyan is good at observing and capturing the instantaneous dynamics of the expressive object, and vividly expresses it through words, thus giving the object and subject dynamic beauty, which is also the unique feature of Zhou Bangyan's chant.
At this time, although he was in Bieliang, he could see the lotus flowers in the capital, and his visual experience was the tenderness generated by the swaying lotus leaves, but such an experience was experienced more than once in his hometown.
For Zhou Bangyan, a lyricist whose home is in Jiangnan, the lotus flower seems to be an innate label for the water town of Jiangnan, and seeing the lotus flower seems to stimulate the lyricist's sense of identity that he was born in Jiangnan.
The first two sentences of the next film, "Hometown is far away, when to go", the lyricist starts in the form of rhetorical questions, and writes the inner homesickness complex and the tangled feeling of homelessness very sincerely, which includes both the expectation of when to leave Bieliang and return to his hometown, and the recombination of memory fragments in the past time.
This kind of low-pitched and shallow singing from the heart is precisely a psychological portrayal of the lyricist who is bound by his career and is in a dilemma.
"Home lives in Wumen, long as The Chang'an Brigade", Zhou Bangyan is a Hangzhou native, jiuke Bieliang's thoughts of traveling, accompanied by a strong sense of nostalgia overflowing into words, hometown and the life that has been pursued or the current living conditions of the writer, it is difficult for him to give up, it is difficult to choose, this dilemma of emotion, there were many wanderers lingering complex.
At this point, we found that in fact, the first sentence of the film, "Burning Incense", implied the homesickness of a long time away from home.
It's May again, and I wonder if my friends in my hometown are also missing me? The four characters of "May Fisherman" outline the time when the lotus flowers are in full bloom in hangzhou and the time of childhood in hangzhou, and the affection is infinite. This poetic life has ended forever since the lyricist embarked on the path of eunuchs.
At this time, the lyricist can't help but recall the old fishing friends in his hometown, but he did not write directly that he remembered his old friends, but used the method of asking questions to write that he did not know whether the old friends remembered me. This sentence not only expresses his longing for his hometown and friends more delicately and sincerely, but also makes the unconventional artistic conception go to another level.
Hometown is a symbol of the passing of time, with good memories of his childhood, but the carefree boyhood, the free and flowing golden years, is gone.
Now, he can only enter this dream that can only be recalled and cannot be copied, so the lyricist next wrote: "Xiao Yu Light Boat, dreaming into Furong Pu." The meaning of the words also shifted from the real scene of the lotus flower in front of him to the fictional dream description.
Just as the so-called day and night have dreams, the lyricist is homesick and even dreams of Fit, as if he has returned to his hometown, back to the familiar youth of the lyricist, when he was young, whenever he was young, whenever he had a class, he would meet three or five friends, and swing together in the lotus leaves swaying, the lotus flowers blooming in the hibiscus pool...
Tasting the words and sentences, from the pure and natural style of the lyricist without any carving, from the lyricist's emotions in the lotus flower and his strong longing for his hometown, from the lyricist's affectionate yearning for the free life of Xiao Yang's light boat tour of Furong Pu, we can also vaguely feel the author's boredom of the eunuch career and the yearning for a quiet life of returning to nature.
This kind of life situation is depicted by Zhou Bangyan with picturesque brush and ink and fresh and natural words, and the profound and moving symbolic meaning of the words, as well as the truth, honesty and kindness that come to the face, make people feel relaxed and pleasant to read.
The lyricist uses the dream to close the whole word, leaving people with infinite beautiful reverie, and also leaving the reader with imagination space that needs to be filled with emotion.