Editor's Note
On February 11, the Conference on Solidly Promoting the Construction of a Culturally Strong Province was held in Guangzhou, which put forward the direction and goal for the construction of Guangdong's culturally strong province in the new development stage. Subsequently, Qingyuan City held a conference to solidly promote the construction of a culturally strong city. The meeting stressed that it is necessary to deeply implement the strategy of strengthening the city with culture, adhere to the principle of innovation, and achieve "casting the soul with culture, people with culture, benefiting the people with culture, and rejuvenating the industry with culture", and promoting the high-quality development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries.
Qingyuan has a profound historical and cultural heritage, and the municipal party committee and the municipal government have always attached great importance to cultural construction. At present, Qingyuan cultural construction is facing major opportunities, how to seize the opportunity to conform to the new requirements of economic and social development, the new trend of cultural development, and the new expectations of the spiritual and cultural life of the people of all ethnic groups in the city? How to accelerate the reform and development of culture, strive to achieve a new leap forward in Qingyuan culture, and create a new glory of Qingyuan culture? "Southern Daily Qingyuan Observation" today launched the first series of reports on the construction of a culturally strong city in Qingyuan, so please pay attention to it.
Quaint gatehouses, flower-studded village roads, staggered characteristic homestays... Walking into Yuzui Village in Qingyuan Yingde City, you will find that this ancient village with a history of more than 800 years is being revitalized.
There is a popular saying in Anglo-German folklore, "First there is a fish chew, then there is a fish, and then there is Anglo-German". Living by the river and with a natural harbor, Yuzui Village is named after the landform that resembles a carp opening mouth and jumping over the river. Once because of the development of waterway transportation, Yuzui Village is prosperous in commerce and trade, and people from all over the world are bustling, different from one village and one surname, Yuzui Village has 38 surnames, which can peek into the past grand situation. The Northern Song Dynasty calligrapher Mi Fu served as a county lieutenant in Huan.
Qingyuan Beijiang culture has a long history, during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, a large number of Central Plains people moved south, mostly through the Nanxiong Zhujie Lane, through the large and small Beijiang, and then spread to all parts of the Pearl River Delta, creating a cultural pattern of Coexistence and Common Prosperity of Cantonese culture, Hakka culture and ethnic minority culture in Qingyuan region. Experts believe that Qingyuan, which dominates the north and small rivers, has been a "bridgehead" for the integration and intersection of central plains culture and Lingnan culture since ancient times.
The vein of a river runs through ancient and modern times, and then continues the thousand-year-old northern river situation. Through the excavation and utilization of Beijiang resources, Qingyuan continues to firmly follow the road of ecological priority and green development, the ecological potential is constantly activated, and the green development has written a new chapter. In 2021, the GDP of Qingyuan City will reach 200.745 billion yuan, officially entering the "200 billion club" of total economic output and leading the northern ecological development zone.
Xinfeng culture not only has the profound heritage and obvious imprint of the Central Plains culture, but also is compatible with the rich characteristics of immigrant culture and integrates the different characteristics of Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong cultures
The Beijiang River is a "golden waterway" that has witnessed the prosperity and change of the locality.
In April 2021, the Pearl River Water Conservancy Committee of the Ministry of Water Resources officially approved the identification of the water outlet point of Xiaomaoshan Mountain in Xinfeng County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, as the source of the Beijiang River.
The Beijiang River is one of the three major rivers in the Pearl River system. When the key reporting team of the Qingyuan News Department of nanfang Daily went to Xinfeng County, it was found that Xinfeng County is located in the south of Ganzhou, the "cradle of Hakka," and is one of the pure Hakka counties. According to the "Xinfeng Geographical Names", almost all the villagers in the natural villages in the county are descendants of the Hakka clan.
In the long river of history, the war has caused many great turmoils for the Hakka people living in the Central Plains for generations, and their migratory footprints have traveled all over the southern mountains while spreading the advanced culture and advanced productive forces of the Central Plains to the landscapes and rivers of Xinfeng, forming a unique Hakka culture. It is precisely because of the migration and integration of different periods and different regions that Xinfeng culture not only has the profound heritage and obvious imprint of the Central Plains culture, but also is compatible with the rich characteristics of immigrant culture, and integrates the different characteristics of Zhejiang, Fujian and Cantonese cultures.
From the historical records of the written records, before the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the water flow of the River was deep and wide, the boats were navigable, the green waves were rippling, and the scenery was pleasant. The earliest accounts of the River are the Records of History and the Book of Han. Since Tang Kaiyuan chiseled the Meiguan Ancient Road in the fourth year, the Hun River has become the main channel connecting the Lingnan Ridge and the north, connecting the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. During the Ming Jiajing period, there were more than 500 ships coming and going between Nanxiong and Wuyi, known as "ten thousand tons of rice in the day, 100 boats traveling at night". The Xun River flows from Xinfeng County through Nanxiong, Sixing, and Renhua, and merges with the Wujiang River in Shaoguan City to form the Beijiang River.
Fan Guidian, vice chairman of the Qingyuan Civic Writers Association and vice president of the Yingde Mifu Cultural Research Association, believes that the Beijiang River is the main transportation channel running through the north and south of Yingde. Historical changes, north and south. As the main choice of ancient transportation mode, Beijiang has not only become an important carrier of communication between Britain and Germany and the north and south, but also the beautiful landscape scenery has attracted historical celebrities to Lingnan to stop and linger, enjoy the scenery and poetry, and become the main channel and important carrier of the southern transmission of Central Plains culture.
At the same time, the Beijiang River has become a "golden waterway" for the economic development of Ancient and Modern Britain and Germany, witnessing the prosperity and change of the locality. In ancient times, when land routes were not developed, the convenient Beijiang River naturally became an important way for the Central Plains to enter Lingnan. With the development of Lingnan and the southward migration of ancient officials, some degraded officials or literati rioters, when passing through the Beijiang area, will inevitably touch the scenery, chant poems, pin their feelings, and inadvertently add bricks and tiles to the accumulation of Beijiang culture.
Fan Guidian believes that the ancient Beijiang River not only provided a convenient channel for people to enter Lingnan from the Central Plains and accumulated profound historical and cultural resources, but also as the main support of the traditional economy, it has received the attention of successive localities, played an important role in the survival and development of the people on both sides of the strait, and formed a colorful and remarkable Beijiang culture.
Since the Qin Dynasty, Qitianling and Dupanling, located at the junction of qingyuan north and Hunan, have become the main routes for soldiers to travel and migrate south as channels for the Xiang river and the North River system
The archaeological work at the Yingde Rock Cottage Site has opened a new chapter in the study of prehistoric culture and society in Lingnan.
Under the warm winter sun, the archaeological site of the Rock Cottage site is working. Workers in the pits hold hand shovels and meticulously clean up the floating soil on the ground.
In December 2021, the Important Progress Work Conference of the "Archaeology China" Major Project of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage was held online, and 5 important archaeological achievements were reported, and the Yingde Rock Cottage Site Project hosted by the Guangdong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology was among them. This archaeological work fills the gap in the archaeology of settlements at the origin stage of civilization in Lingnan and opens a new chapter in the study of prehistoric culture and society in Lingnan.
The cultural characteristics of Qingyuan are closely related to the Beijiang River. The first China (Qingyuan) Beijiang culture held in 2015 reached a consensus: Beijiang culture is the source of Pearl River culture; qingyuan used to be the center of Lingnan culture in history (taking Gulianzhou as an example); Beijiang culture is an outstanding representative of water culture; Qingyuan culture is accurately positioned as "north-south exchanges between Tongjin and ancient and modern cultural bridges"; Qingyuan is the birthplace of human farming civilization, and rice fossils from more than 10,000 years ago were found in Niulan Cave.
Gao Changli, former deputy director of the Qingyuan Municipal History Office and former deputy director of the Qingyuan Municipal Education Bureau, believes that the historical status and cultural characteristics of the Qingyuan region are summarized as a whole as "four places and three winds" (an important birthplace of ancient civilization in Lingnan, the frontier place for the spread of Central Plains culture to Lingnan, the docking place between the Maritime Silk Road and the overland Silk Road, the forerunner of China's industrial reform, the charm of landscapes, the winds of tongqu, and the national customs).
Gao Changli said that the Beijiang River Basin was a distribution center for ancient elites to travel from south to north. Liu Zhan, a native of Lianzhou, Qingyuan, is the leader of the southerners going north, and there are also "big coffees" such as Han Yu, Liu Yuxi, Su Shi, and Mi Fu who are going south. Since the Qin Dynasty, Qitianling and Dupanling, located at the junction of qingyuan north and Hunan, have become the main routes for soldiers to travel and migrate south as channels for the Xiang river and the North River system. Through this channel, the population and property of the Central Plains radiated and transferred from the Beijiang River to the hinterland of the Pearl River Delta, upgrading the underdeveloped Lingnan obscurantist society into a more developed agricultural civilization society.
In the view of Cao Chunsheng, vice president of the Pearl River Culture Research Association of Guangdong Province, president of the Lianzhou Historical and Cultural Research Association, and director of the Liu Yuxi Memorial Hall, Beijiang culture is an open and inclusive channel culture that blends north and south. The reason why it is called the passage culture is because Qingyuan was originally located in the southern foothills of the Five Ridges, located between the Kongdao at the junction of the Qitianling Andyuling Mountains, and was the bridge and hub of the Great Passage into Lingnan in the Central Plains. The Xijing Ancient Road and the Qitianling Ancient Road, which are now located between Dayuling and Qitianling, are the cultural relics carriers of this great passage.
It is precisely because of this water and land transportation channel that it has brought qingyuan a profound history and culture, and because of this north-south traffic channel, many major events in history have occurred in Qingyuan. For example, Zhao Tuo entered Lingnan to expand its territory, and later set up three passes on this large passage, of which Yangshan Pass and Huangxi Pass were in Qingyuan Territory. During the Tang and Song dynasties, many cultural celebrities such as Han Yu, Liu Yuxi, Mi Fu, Su Dongpo, etc. came to Qingyuan and brought advanced Kyoto and Central Plains culture.
Cao Chunsheng believes that the channel culture can be used as a representative of the cultural symbol of the Beijiang River, and the formation of Qingyuan history and culture is inseparable from this large passage connecting the north and south of the Five Mountains.
The foothold of systematic construction and polishing of cultural brands is to systematically explore, promote and utilize Beijiang culture, and tell the story of Beijiang culture
"It turned out that Han Yu, Liu Yuxi, Zhou Dunyi, Liu Zhan, and other celebrities had all come to Qingyuan to 'punch in.'" When many citizens visit the South Bank Park in Qingyuan City's Qingcheng District, they will stop for a long time in Hanyu Square and Liu Yuxi Square.
Wanshan Dynasty King, Peach Blossom Lake, Huangchuan Three Gorges, Beijiang... As an excellent tourist city in China, the charm of landscape and water is the first temperament feature of Qingyuan regional culture. The Eighth Party Congress of Qingyuan City proposed to create an urban aura of "mountains, waters and culture". It means that "culture" will be juxtaposed with "mountains and water" and become a new feature of Qingyuan's urban temperament.
"The one that can best connect the various parts of Qingyuan City is the Beijiang (including the Xiaobeijiang)." Pan Wei, winner of the Provincial Lu Xun Literature and Art Award (Photography Category) and executive vice president of Qingyuan Old Cadre University, believes that in order to build a culturally strong city, systematically build and polish the cultural brand, its foothold is to systematically explore, promote and utilize the Beijiang culture, and further tell the story of Beijiang culture.
Pan Wei said that the beijiang culture is diverse and inclusive, whether it is the excavation of history and culture or the exertion of ecological advantages, it must come from the landscape customs and historical culture of the Beijiang River Basin. For example, he said, taking the Beijiang River as the line, Han Yu, Liu Yuxi, Su Shi, Mi Fu, Yang Wanli, Tang Xianzu and other literati and inkers all left poems reciting landscapes in Qingyuan, which can collect the landscape poems of previous dynasties and make a popular reading book, "The Eight Scenic Poems of Huangchuan in Lianzhou and the Ancient Eight Scenic Poems of Yingzhou are one of the sources of the Eight Scenic Poems of China. Recite Tang poems and Song poems with Qingyuan elements, and have a sense of local participation and belonging. ”
In the view of Zou Xiheng, former vice president of the Qingyuan Branch of the Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences, qingyuan has become an important thoroughfare for exchanges between the Central Plains and Lingnan because of the golden waterway of the Beijiang River that runs deep through the Nanling Mountains. Qingyuan may wish to give full play to the advantages of transportation location and do a good job in the construction of public cultural facilities. Through various ways to clearly display the city's historical and cultural context, so that the source of history and culture can be traced, so that people understand the history and culture of Qingyuan is long and long, and fully understand the local history and culture and evolution, so as to create a beautiful cultural business card and cultural living room.
To promote the construction of a culturally strong city, how can the county exert its strength? Xiao Zhenxiang, director of the Bureau of Culture, Radio, Television, Tourism and Sports of Yingde City, said that Yingde should actively seize the opportunity of building a culturally strong province, promote the strategy of culturally strong city, and truly achieve the goal of "cultural drive, green rise and economic take-off" between Britain and Germany. At present, Yingde is using the cao main niangniang cultural brand to build a "Jinhaiwan Folk Culture Village" and a street with ancient cultural characteristics in Lianjiangkou, and to build the Qingtang Archaeological Site Park.
Dig deep into the resources of Beijiang, promote the Beijiang Economic Belt to become a new engine for Qingyuan's economic and social development, and firmly take the road of ecological priority and green development
Qingyuan has dug deep and made use of the resources of the Beijiang River to promote economic and social development. The picture shows Qingyuan Port.
With the roar of the machines and the sound of rushing water, ships laden with cement set sail from Qingyuan Port, located in the middle and lower reaches of the Beijiang River, and paddled the water towards Hong Kong. In August 2021, Qingyuan Port exported cement for the first time.
"Cement trucks carrying cement are directly transported to foreign trade ports, and under the supervision of customs, cement tanks are directly loaded into special cement ships to and from Hong Kong and Macao." Ship transportation reduces the number of berthings, improves the efficiency of circulation, and can compress the transportation time of 1 to 2 days on average, which is very convenient. The person in charge of Qingyuan Pearl River Freight Terminal Co., Ltd. said.
Relying on the relatively low transportation costs of Beijiang, Qingyuan has continuously accelerated industrial upgrading, built and promoted the Beijiang Economic Belt, and firmly followed the road of ecological priority and green development. In 2021, the GDP of Qingyuan City reached 200.745 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1% year-on-year and an average growth of 5.9% in two years. This means that Qingyuan has officially entered the "200 billion club" of total economic output and achieved a historic leap.
Observers believe that the increase in economic strength has greatly fed back cultural construction. Qingyuan has not only achieved a series of national characters such as National Garden City, China Excellent Tourism City, China Livable City, China Hot Spring Town, China Drifting Town, China Dragon Boat Town and other series of national characters of the "Golden Signboard", literary and artistic creation is a hundred flowers blooming, music creation, dance creation, opera creation and literary creation have repeatedly won national and provincial awards.
While steadily advancing social and economic construction, Qingyuan has vigorously strengthened social and cultural construction, focusing on doing a good job in benefiting the people with culture. Among them, after the entire section of the North River South Bank Park is completed during the National Day in 2021, it connects the cultural station, Hanyu Square, Lunzhou Greenland, beach leisure and other landscapes, becoming a good place for citizens' daily leisure. While dressing up the appearance of the city, Qingyuan strives to create a "cultural living room" and carries out a series of activities with the settlement of the first Lingnan College in the province as an opportunity, so that citizens can enjoy high-quality cultural services at the "doorstep".
Cao Chunsheng said that history and culture are important resources for the sustainable development of Qingyuan City, and the development of cultural tourism is an important economic pillar of local development. He suggested that Qingyuan should seize the opportunity, take the lead in action, and excavate and sort out Qingyuan's diversified culture as soon as possible to form a complete cultural system. In this process, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of integrity and innovation, excavate the characteristics that can truly represent the regional culture of Qingyuan, publicize and popularize them, and serve the social and economic development of Qingyuan.
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Liu Guohua, second-level inspector and social science expert of Qingyuan Federation of Social Sciences:
Grasp the basic characteristics and carry forward the Qingyuan culture
Qingyuan culture has at least three basic characteristics.
First, it is closely related to the Beijiang River. Qingyuan culture, literature and history are closely related to Beijiang. Beijiang has made Qingyuan an important link connecting the Culture of the Central Plains and the Culture of Lingnan. In ancient times, the migration and circulation of people and things were mainly based on water transportation, and people were also accustomed to living by water and following water from business, and qingyuan's culture, literature and history naturally had many Beijiang imprints and Beijiang characteristics.
Second, it is particularly inclusive. The coexistence of Cantonese culture, Hakka culture and Yaozhuang ethnic minority culture shows the inclusiveness of Qingyuan culture on the one hand. The Qingyuan area was once less populated, and many villages were relocated from Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi and Meizhou in Guangdong two hundred years ago or more ago, which also shows the inclusiveness of Qingyuan culture on the other hand.
Third, it is full of the spirit of reform. Qingyuan is a hot land full of reform spirit, in the early 1960s, the "Zhouxin experience" formed by bold exploration and innovation in agricultural production management was a sensation; from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, Qingyuan state-owned enterprises took the lead in implementing the super-planned profit commission award in the country, creating the well-known "Qingyuan Experience"; the continuous advancement of rural comprehensive reform and rural revitalization work made Qingyuan famous... All this shows that the spirit of reform is an important element of Qingyuan culture.
It is necessary to clearly recognize and grasp the basic characteristics of Qingyuan culture, follow the trend to carry forward Qingyuan culture, and closely integrate cultural construction with scientific and technological innovation, industrial development, urban governance, and rural revitalization, so as to provide strong spiritual strength and cultural support for Qingyuan's high-quality development.
【Planning】Sun Chaoyang
【Coordinator】Zhang Jinbiao Wei Jinfeng
[Reporter] Wei Jinfeng Huang Jin
【Photography】 Zeng Liangchao
【Author】 Wei Jinfeng; Zeng Liangchao; Huang Jin
【Source】 Southern Press Media Group South + client