Modern Express News The Spring Festival of the Year of the Tiger, did you receive a wave of playful and warm greetings?
If you travel back a thousand years ago, the auspicious words and blessings you may receive are like this: "Changle Weiyang", "Suitable for Hua", "Changyi Descendants", "Descendants of 100 Billion", "Forever Protecting Thousands of Springs", "Hundreds of Generations of Good Fortune"...
Since ancient times, people have been full of beautiful yearning for life, and the longing in their hearts has been engraved on tiles, bronze mirrors, and brocades. On the "Special Exhibition of Non-Paper Book Cultural Relics" (details) held by the Nanjing Municipal Museum, there are many auspicious words, sweet and advanced.
"Changle Weiyang", "Suitable for Hua", "Rili"... The Han Dynasty is sweet
If you travel to the Han Dynasty, what should you say to wish the elderly a long life? What should I say to wish the other person happiness and happiness? Don't worry, in the "Special Exhibition of Non-Paper Book Cultural Relics", you can find the answer.
△ "Changle Weiyang" Wadang
On the exhibition, a piece of tiles collected by the Xi'an Museum is clockwise distributed with the four characters of "Changle Weiyang", and the glyphs are thick and simple. Hu Jing, the content curator of the "Special Exhibition of Non-Paper Book Cultural Relics" at the Nanjing Municipal Museum, told the Modern Express that Changle and Weiyang are both the names of the Western Han Palace, which was originally intended to hope that the Han Empire would continue and be passed down from generation to generation. Later, "Long Happiness" became an auspicious blessing, which means that joy is endless.
△ "Yannian" Wadang
In addition to "Changle Weiyang", on the exhibition, there are also wadang with words such as "Yannian" and "Suitable for Hua", all of which are from the Xi'an Museum. The beautiful font of "prolonging life" is the meaning of longevity and longevity, expressing people's beautiful wishes for health and longevity.
△ "Suitable for China" Wadang
The "Hua" in "Suitable for China" refers to "Huashan" in the narrow sense and "Huaxia" in the broad sense; "Xiangyi" means balance and harmony. "Suitable for China" expresses the good wish of the Chinese nation to live endlessly and coexist in harmony with Huashan.
△ "Rili" gold stove
Hu Jing said that in the Han Dynasty, people engraved their blessings in their hearts in their daily lives, tiles, brocades, seals, bronzes... There are all, even on the stove of the funeral, there are auspicious words. The bottom of a Eastern Han Dynasty golden stove excavated in Lujiakou Village, Weiyang District, Xi'an, is engraved with the words "Rili" for blessings. "'Rili' is also a beautiful prayer and blessing, which is similar to the meaning of 'Wishing you prosperity' of modern people, and the meaning of 'rili thousand gold' and 'daily income of tens of millions'."
How do I bless a promotion? The people of Nanjing said this before 1700
If you encounter a move, how do you send blessings? On the "Special Exhibition of Non-Paper Book Cultural Relics", there are auspicious words about promotion.
On a bronze mirror of the Western Jin Dynasty in the collection of the Nanjing Municipal Museum, the four characters of "Junyi High Official" are cast, and the blessing is straightforward and concise.
△ "Junyi high-ranking official" bronze mirror
The Modern Express reporter learned that the "Junyi High Official" bronze mirror, wide rim, hemispherical button, mirror surface slightly curved. The upper and lower sides of the button are respectively cast with the four characters of "Junyi" and "High Official" in the Yang text of Lishu, and the two sides are decorated with phoenix patterns, and the outer sides are decorated with two string patterns and a week grate pattern. "This bronze mirror was excavated from tomb No. 11 of Guo Jiashan outside the central gate of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, the tomb is not large, and the owner of the tomb is a wealthy family with a decent life.
Hu Jing said that this copper mirror should be a more popular style at that time, belonging to the mass production category. It has distinct northern style characteristics, the pattern is left, middle and right configuration, there are inscriptions with equal number of words above and below the button, and the inscriptions are arranged in a straight line, which is significantly different from the Wu-style mirror inscriptions in circles or square folds. Similarly, there are the common "bit to three gong" inscription mirrors in Luoyang Jin tombs, which have the same shape and ornamentation, but the text is different.
How do you view gains and losses? Northern Song embroidery makes you "forever protect a thousand springs"
In 2008, a number of cultural relics unearthed from the Changgan Temple Underground Palace outside the Zhonghua Gate in Nanjing stunned the world. At that time, there were holy relics such as parietal bone relics, induction relics, and saintly relics, as well as gilded "Pagoda King" and silk pa.
This "special exhibition of non-paper book relics" can be enjoyed by the public online.
△ Embroidery "Forever Preserving Senharu" silk paw
Among the series of cultural relics, the ink book on an embroidered silk pad of the Northern Song Dynasty is still clearly recognizable despite being thousands of years old. The silk pa is nearly square. The four corners of the central part are embroidered with the words "Yongbao Qianchun". In the middle of the embroidery of the Tang Dynasty Du Mu poem "Gift to the End of the South Lan Ruo Monk", shi yun: "The home is next to the Du Qu in the south of the city, two branches of Xian Gui and one branch (Shi) Fang." Zen masters are unknown by name and surname, and they feel that the empty door qi (meaning) tastes long. ”
Hu Jing introduced that the embroidery on the silk pad is double-sided embroidery. That is, on the same piece of substrate, in the embroidery process, embroidery of positive and negative images, the contours of the embroidery is exactly the same, this silk may be the earliest known era of double-sided embroidery products. "Yongbao Qianchun, coupled with Du Mu's poems, not only expresses the admiration for monks who are not moved by the honor and disgrace of the world, but also exhorts the people of the world to be at peace regardless of success or failure."
"Changyi descendants" "descendants of 100 billion"... For the next generation, they bless it this way
If you travel back in time to ancient times, what should you say to wish the next generation happiness for a long time? What should we say to bless the other party with many children and many blessings? On the "Special Exhibition of Non-Paper Book Cultural Relics", the auspicious words engraved on two of the cultural relics are very sweet and Versailles.
△ "descendants hundreds of billions" money
The bronze mirror of "Changyi Descendants" collected by the Xi'an Museum not only has a persimmon pattern, a persimmon-shaped button seat, but also a seal inscription "Changyi Descendants" 4 characters. Hu Jing said that the persimmon pattern is the pattern of the family Ding Xingxing and inheriting Xiangrui. "Changyi descendants" is a common auspicious language in the Han Dynasty, expressing good wishes and hoping that future generations can live a happy life for a long time. Taken together, the meaning is: not only to have many children and many blessings, but also to be happy for a long time.
△ "Changyi descendants" bronze mirror
A Ming Dynasty coin in the collection of the Nanjing Municipal Museum is engraved with the words "descendants of 100 billion", which means that there are many children and many grandchildren, and the generations will prosper. "This is money that belongs to the dark money, and the auspicious words on it are to comfort the deceased and pray for the future." Hu Jing told the Modern Express reporter that the auspicious words on the money unearthed from the Tomb of the Ming Dynasty in Nanjing include "the prosperity of the descendants" and "the golden jade full of halls" and so on.
Modern Express + reporter Zhang Wenying Hu Yumei Chu Xihao / Wen Chu Xihao / Video production
(Courtesy of the museum)