Liang Xiuling, non-hereditary heir of Guangdong embroidery. Courtesy of the correspondent
1. Guangdong embroidery master Chen Shaofang. Nandu Infographic
2. Guangzhou embroidery master Chen Shaofang is completing the work. Nandu Infographic
3. Guang embroidery is good at using colorful silk threads to embroider the world of light and shadow. Nandu reporter Zheng Junbin photographed
Wide embroidery
Intangible Cultural Heritage Encyclopedia
Extensive embroidery National Intangible Cultural Heritage
Guangdong embroidery is one of the Cantonese embroidery, is the general name of the Pearl River Delta folk embroidery craft centered on Guangzhou, together with Jiangsu Su embroidery, Hunan Xiang embroidery, Sichuan Shu embroidery and known as China's four famous embroidery.
Incorporates elements of Western painting
Guangdong embroidery has a long history, dating back to the Tang Dynasty, and embroidery was brought to Lingnan by Central Plains immigrants. By the Song and Yuan dynasties, Guangzhou's agriculture, handicrafts, and foreign trade continued to develop, and folk embroidery gradually developed.
In the Ming Dynasty, the embroidery industry became an important handicraft industry of the people, and embroidery became one of the main handicrafts exported at that time, enjoying high praise overseas. During the Qing Dynasty, Guangzhou embroidery absorbed the elements and styles of the Western school, and the content and skills were developed, and during the Qianlong period, the embroidery industry in Guangzhou had a considerable scale and its influence was continuously enhanced.
Guangxiu is good at "staying in the water"
The guangdong embroidery process is a family of its own. It is stitching changeable, needle steps are uniform, can skillfully use the texture of stitch silk expression of the image; a wide range of themes, rich colors, pay attention to the harmonious use of light and shadow; not only pay attention to the stitching technology of embroidery, pay more attention to the artistic effect of embroidery, pay attention to "work" for "art". Guang embroidery is good at "leaving water", that is, between each adjacent embroidery area, leaving an equal distance of about 0.5 mm between the starting and falling needle points, thus forming blank lines on the embroidery surface, making the object image eye-catching and expressive, and the craftsmanship is strong.
Character embroidery and flower and bird embroidery are the main themes
Wide embroidery is very eye-catching from a distance, close to look very fine, the composition is full, colorful, strong three-dimensionality, with high decoration, artistry. Character embroidery and flower and bird embroidery are the main products of Guangdong embroidery, or vibrant, or rich and auspicious, full of decorative taste and aesthetics, often express people's love for life and good wishes.
Behind the small embroidery needle is the craftsman's years of practice and independent thinking. Every thread can be given life at the hands of the artist. Wide embroidery is widely used in clothing, home decorations, and now it is more possible to find the figure of guang embroidery in life, bags, earrings, silk scarves... Guang embroidery uses traditional stitching to embroider modern beauty.
Guangxiu embodies the genius and wisdom of successive generations of artists, from artistic style to creative thinking are full of Lingnan characteristics, and its historical origin is contrasted with the trajectory of Lingnan cultural development.
Today's Guangdong embroidery changes with the trend, rejuvenated, full of modern spiritual connotations, vividly showing the vitality of traditional crafts in modern life.
Inheritance
The story of Chen Shaofang's family's three generations of Guangdong embroidery inheritance
Chen Shaofang: It took ten years to create "Lingnan Splendid Embroidery"
Chen Shaofang, representative inheritor of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects In Guangdong embroidery (Guangdong embroidery), master of Chinese arts and crafts, first-class master of arts and crafts of Guangdong Province, member of The Chinese Embroidery Research Committee, vice chairman of the Chinese Embroidery Professional Committee, member of the World Folk Artists Association, librarian of the Guangzhou Municipal Research Museum of Culture and History, member of the Guangdong Branch of the China Artists Association, senior member of the Chinese Arts and Crafts Society, member of the Expert Committee of the Guangdong Provincial Ethnic folk culture protection project, He is a member of the Guangdong Provincial Folk Cultural Heritage Rescue Project Expert Committee, and a member of the Handicraft Copyright Appraisal Committee of the Guangzhou Municipal Copyright Bureau.
From Chinese painting brushes to Cantonese embroidery techniques. Chen Shaofang studied Chinese painting in her early years, and after graduating from university, she has been engaged in the creation and design of Guangdong embroidery for a long time. The road of combining Chinese painting with Guangdong embroidery was not smooth, and at first, Guangxiu masters could not transform the "language of painting" in the design drawings into actual embroidery techniques. After a long period of study, Chen Shaofang realized that she must first understand the ontological language of Guangdong embroidery, familiarize herself with stitching techniques, embroidery processes and color relationships, and subsequently created many works that perfectly integrate Chinese painting brushes and Guangdong embroidery techniques.
Develop the art of extensive embroidery in the low valley. At the end of the 1960s, when the living environment of folk crafts was harsh, the embroidery industry was hit hard, and The creation of Guangdong embroidery fell into a downturn for a while, Chen Shaofang was very worried about the plight of Guangxiu. In the 1980s, when Guangdong embroidery was in the "art of death", along with the government's call for "comprehensive resumption of work and production", Chen Shaofang resolutely prepared to build the Guangdong Embroidery Art Research Institute, aiming to rescue, protect, innovate and develop Guangdong embroidery skills.
Take a long-term view for the benefit of future generations. In order to prevent the Cantonese embroidery technique from entering a desperate situation again, Chen Shaofang recorded and compiled the skills into a book on the one hand, and on the other hand, spent ten years to create the "Lingnan Splendid Embroidery", which is known as the "Epoch-making Work of Guangdong Embroidery". In addition, Chen Shaofang trained a large number of technicians, and her two sons and daughters-in-law have comprehensively inherited the skills of Cantonese embroidery.
Tan Zhanpeng: Integrate tradition into fashion
Tan Zhanpeng, since 1970, has studied painting and embroidery skills with his mother, Chen Shaofang, a master of Cantonese embroidery. In 1980, he worked as a Guang embroidery designer in Panyu Bridge Embroidery Factory, and was good at integrating Guangdong embroidery into clothing design. Since 1984, he has been organizing Chen Shaofang's Guangdong Embroidery Studio with Chen Shaofang, and has carried out the rescue, protection and inheritance of Guangfang embroidery skills in a planned and purposeful manner.
Design is the foundation of the body. Tan Zhanpeng combines modern art theory, fashion trends and the traditional skills of Guangdong embroidery to achieve dynamic balance and development, and he believes that "if you integrate tradition into fashion and constantly update, you will live forever." During the epidemic in 2020, Tan Zhanpeng designed many new things, and the "anti-epidemic" sachet combines xiangyun yarn, traditional Chinese medicine and embroidery elements, which is deeply loved by the public; several mobile phone bags with cantonese opera elements as the theme are exquisitely made and very distinctive. In addition, Tan Zhanpeng is not afraid of cross-border cooperation, leading Guangdong embroidery to shine, and has cooperated with fashion brands to hold jewelry launches.
Follow the trend and explore the needs. Tan Zhanpeng actively observes social life and combines the creation of Guangxiu derivatives with social needs. Ten years ago, Tan Zhanpeng and his mother decided to make embroidery a well-known and admirable work of art. However, becoming a work of art that is difficult for the masses to touch will make Guangxiu face the dilemma of inheritance and development. Today, he believes that it is necessary to reintegrate the original skills into reality and develop daily products that people need. The inheritance of guang embroidery cannot be separated from reality, and only by implanting life scenes can it develop and continue.
Tan Jingyu: Live broadcast to expand the new road, the new trend of guangdong embroidery
Tan Jingyu, female, born on November 14, 1994 in Guangzhou, from Taishan, Guangdong. Top Ten Costume Designers of Guangdong Province; New Generation Inheritor of Guangdong Embroidery; Member of Guangdong Fashion Designers Association; Member of Arts and Crafts Committee of Guangzhou Citizens' Association; Representative Inheritor of Guangdong Embroidery (Guangdong Embroidery) National Intangible Cultural Heritage Project and Granddaughter of Chen Shaofang, a master of Chinese arts and crafts.
Grew up under an embroidery stand. Tan Jingyu was born in an embroidery family, from an early age, she began to learn embroidery with her grandmother, Chen Shaofang, the representative inheritor of the national intangible cultural heritage project Cantonese embroidery (Guangdong embroidery), and served as her grandmother's teaching assistant since the age of 14, inheriting the Culture of Guangdong Embroidery through teaching. At a young age, she has a wealth of experience, not only winning large and small honors for her works, but also bringing out many excellent students by hand.
Platform empowerment, explore a new path of wide embroidery communication. Non-hereditary inheritor, Guang embroidery teacher, costume designer, it can be said that Tan Jingyu is a standard slash youth, and now she has a new identity - the anchor of intangible cultural heritage craftsmen. Tan Jingyu found in the process of popularizing wide embroidery for many years that it is necessary to find a new way to spread wide embroidery with a wider range and more acceptable to the public, and live broadcasting is just in line with the current needs and can contact more groups. Selecting the works of live broadcast explanations every day and starting broadcasts regularly has become the daily life of Tan Jingyu's new identity - YY anchor. More than a year after its broadcast, Tan Jingyu has made more and more people gradually understand and like Guangdong embroidery, contributing to the development and inheritance of traditional culture.
Many inheritors of Guangdong embroidery are constantly exploring the road of creative transformation and innovative development, persevering and fully engaged in the innovative work of Guangxiu art, boldly innovating on the basis of absorbing traditional excellent skills, and bringing new vitality to traditional Guangdong embroidery skills to better inherit and develop.
Written by: Nandu reporter Zhou Peiwen Correspondent Wen Mu