"The stream light shakes the jade, and the cloud shadow leaks the gold plate." From the Warring States period of Heshi Bi to the jewelry of today's jewelry stores, Jade Bi has always been a very popular jade ornament, but human wisdom is far more than this, in the ancient Shu land three thousand years ago, Sanxingdui ancient people will make the remaining stone materials of Dashi Bi, "waste utilization", and create a new tool, what is going on? Let me reveal the secrets to you.
In 1929, on this day, farmer Yan Daocheng was dredging ditches to facilitate the irrigation of fields, but just as he was digging down, he suddenly felt that he had dug up a large piece of "hard stuff", and when he dug it out, it was actually jade, which was the debut of Sanxingdui cultural relics.
In the cultural relics excavated by Yan Daocheng, each piece is a precious priceless treasure, but because other cultural relics are mostly jade, so a huge stone tool appears to be "standing out of the flock", which is a large stone bi with the title of "the best of the stone bi", with a diameter of up to 70 centimeters, a thickness of seven centimeters, and an overall weight of up to 100 pounds, which looks like a manhole cover, but the Sanxingdui three thousand years ago must not have sewers, and at the same time it was excavated together with the jade used for sacrifice, so this is a rare sacrificial stone bi.
Yan Daocheng called his family, and everyone worked together to carry this stone bi home, of course, along with the large amount of jade in the sacrifice pit that was brought home, the peasants did not understand what research value, so this stone bi was quickly discarded casually, and even his grandson scribbled on it, he did not stop it, so now we see in the museum on the big stone bi, engraved with the words "Yan Santai", it was carved at this time.
However, the careful Yan Daocheng still found the special feature of this stone wall, he found that in the center of this huge stone, there is actually a large round hole of the plate, it is as if people drilled out with a drill bit, and even the broken section has delicate ripples, but obviously the ancients did not have a drill bit, so he did not know how this big stone was made like this, and he did not know what role it had, due to the limitations of the situation, this stone wall was sealed for decades, until the eighties and nineties, archaeologists came here, it was able to " Rehabilitation".
Bi is the traditional ceremonial vessel of the mainland, there are "six instruments" in the Zhou ceremony, of which yubi is in the first place, the other five are yuqing, yugui, yuhu, yuzhang and yuhuang, "Erya Shiqi" recorded: "meat double good is called bi", here "meat" is not to eat meat, but refers to the surrounding edges, "good" is the middle ring, "times" has the meaning of foil, so the key to yubi is not only how beautiful its ornamentation is, but also whether its internal ring is bright and round.
With the development of society, Bi gradually from the sacrificial vessel to wear jewelry, the prince will be able to wear it, at the same time it is also a common gift and relic in the social society, the people will use it as an auspicious Fury item, in this transformation process, the shape of the jade bi is constantly shrinking, but the production process is constantly improving, which is also due to the upgrading of productivity. The history of yubi's development is so moving, why has Shibi gradually disappeared? The reason is that the ornamental value is limited, and there is really no comparison between stone and jade.
But this big stone of Sanxingdui is still a priceless treasure, although it was originally just a stone that can be seen everywhere, but when the sanxingdui ancients made it into a ceremonial instrument, its identity changed, coupled with more than three thousand years of time erosion, it is still as bright as ever, this huge stone wall can be described as a model of the stone relics of the Sanxingdui site. What is more interesting is that experts have found through research that this huge stone wall actually has a "relative", what is the situation?
It turned out that in this sacrificial pit, the experts found a small stone disc, it looks really strange, the experts for a while could not think of what it was used for, until after further testing, everyone found that on this stone plate, there are some residual linear fibers, so the experts think that it is like a spinning wheel in a loom. This stone wheel is not only finely made, but also has a very special material, it is actually the same as the material of the huge stone bi, after the detailed comparison of archaeologists, it turns out that it is the round stone taken out of the hole in the stone wall!
A huge stone is divided into two parts, one part as a ceremonial instrument for sacrifice, the other part as a production tool, spinning and weaving, a stone can be so magical, this all depends on the wisdom of sanxingdui people, of course, everything about the sanxingdui civilization, by no means a stone can represent, I hope that our archaeologists will study more, let us know everything about the Sanxingdui civilization as soon as possible.
Wenlan Hairun Studio Editor-in-Chief Wen Xiucai, this article is written by: Special History Writer: Jin Xiaozhou
Source: 1. "Huayang Guozhi" by Chang Xuan; published by Qilu Book Society
2. "Sanxingdui Culture" by Zou Yiqing; published by Sichuan People's Publishing House