The Spring Festival of 2022 is very special, the little tiger meets the Winter Olympics
In addition to cheering for Olympic athletes in front of the screen
You may also get out of the house and into the ski slopes
Experience the charm of snow sports first-hand
Skiing is indispensable to a set of professional equipment
To protect you from the cold, heat, waterproof, fall and more
In addition to pulling wind ski suits,
Ski boots, helmets, gloves, ski poles
Not less than a key piece of equipment —
goggles
Its most important function is - light protection
It is more accurate to say that it prevents snow blindness
Is snow blindness caused by snow?
Is snow blindness really blind?
Poke the video and listen to dr. Tao Yong tell you
Dr. Tao and his little eyeball friends
I also prepared a text essence version
More useful knowledge, be sure to read Oh ~
Snow blindness, also known as electro-optic ophthalmia, ultraviolet ophthalmia
It is an eye injury caused by excessive ultraviolet radiation
Ultraviolet rays in sunlight
It darkens and ages the skin
But the skin is good and there is also the shielding and protection of clothes
It is also possible to "protect the body" with sunscreen
Eyes are not so lucky
It can only go head-to-head with the sun
Usually in an environment
The light seen by the eye is reflected from objects such as the ground and buildings
Average reflectance of 10% to 35%
After reflection, the intensity of sunlight is greatly weakened
Generally does not cause harm to the eyes[1]
But the snow is different
Snow is made up of ice crystals
Like countless small mirrors, it is very reflective
The snow field is empty and lacks shelter
Unable to weaken sunlight and up to 95% reflectance[1]
That's why
After heavy snow we feel very bright outside
Skiers don't protect their eyes well
In the snow field, it is basically equivalent to looking directly at the sun
Excess ultraviolet rays enter the eyes
Burns the cornea and conjunctival epithelium
Red and swollen eyelids, eye pain, photophobia,
Symptoms such as lacrimation, unable to open eyes, blurred vision
This is snow blindness
If exposed to this environment for a long time
It may also cause tissue protein denaturation
It's like a clear egg white that will solidify when cooked
Causes chronic damage to the eyes
Lesions such as cataracts and macular degeneration [2-4]
Now, you know how important snow mirrors are, right?
If you don't wear snow goggles, you will go skiing and accidentally appear snow blind
Symptoms can be relieved by the following 4 steps
1. Do not rub your eyes with your hands
You should immediately go to a warm, low-light place to rest
If symptoms do not resolve, seek medical attention promptly
2. Immediately put on sunglasses, snow goggles, goggles, etc
Glasses that can filter ultraviolet rays (can borrow someone else's)
Or use an eye mask or clean gauze to cover your eyes
to prevent further deepening of symptoms
3. After snow blindness, the cornea will be in a state of extreme fragility
If wearing contact lenses
Should be removed immediately to prevent corneal infection[5]
4. You can use a cold towel to relieve the pain
Do not wash your eyes with milk, homemade brine, etc.[6]
Although snow blindness can cause eye discomfort
But you don't have to worry too much
After the above emergency treatment
Seek medical attention in a timely manner and follow your doctor's instructions
Add to this the ability of the cornea to repair itself
Symptoms disappear in 2 to 3 days without sequelae[7]
The first step is to choose the type of snow mirror
Snow mirrors are mainly divided into cylindrical mirrors and spherical mirrors
The reflective surface is a mirror that is part of the spherical surface, called a spherical mirror
The reflective surface is a mirror surface that is part of a cylinder, called a cylindrical mirror
Both have advantages and disadvantages
In the horizontal and vertical direction of the spherical mirror, it is a spherical design with curvature
More in line with the human eye vision conditions
(Because our eyes are also spherical)
In the field of view, anti-fog, anti-glare, windproof and so on
Superior to cylindrical mirrors
Although the price is slightly expensive, it is compatibility
Recommended for newbies to buy
However, this does not mean that the cylindrical mirror is poor
Cylindrical mirrors have been improved several times
The overall performance has also been greatly improved
Most importantly
Cylindrical mirrors do not distort the image due to spherical curvature
It can reduce the dizziness caused by the deformation of things
Suitable for snowboarding that needs to be skied sideways and has a large action
Many professional skiers still use cylindrical mirrors[8]
In the second step, select the color of the lens
You can choose according to the weather and light conditions
Yellow, rose:
Suitable for rain and snow, smog, cloudy and other weather
Enhance contrast and perception
Silver, Blue, Grey, Black:
Suitable for sunny and sunny weather
Better filtering of UV rays
Amber, brown:
Suitable for low and medium light conditions such as evening
Enhanced shadow perception for a clearer field of view[8]
generally
The light is strong and the lens color is darker, which can better filter the light
The light is weak, and the lens color can be slightly lighter, keeping the field of vision clear
Another question: Can myopic eyes wear snow glasses?
When myopic people ski, try to choose to wear contact lenses
Although most of the snow mirrors on the market are compatible with glasses
But there will still be poor wearing comfort,
When the lenses are prone to fogging
If you fall, you may also scratch the bridge of your nose and eyes
The frame of the glasses may also scratch the coating of the snow mirror
Affects shading
If you are really not used to wearing contact lenses
Try to choose a good fit, strong breathability,
Snow mirrors with good anti-fog performance
Draw the point
A good pair of snow glasses must meet 5 conditions
1. UV protection
2. Anti-fog
3. Fit helmet/hat
4. Can you put down the glasses
(Myopic people pay attention)
5. Windproof and impactproof
The equipment is complete, and there is still one last step,
That is to do a good job of winter sports protection
Warm up thoroughly before exercising in winter
You can try to do opening and closing jumps, high leg lifts, lunges and leg presses,
Chest expansion, tiptoeing, heel walking and other actions
The warm-up time is about 5 to 10 minutes
Let's
Arms, legs, waist and abdomen, ankles, Achilles tendons, back, etc
The main areas used when skiing are activated
Not only does it avoid sports injuries, but it also improves athletic performance[9]
Make you a snowy boy
In addition to warming up, you should also replenish water in time
At the same time, pay attention to keep warm and avoid hot and cold
Everything is ready! Come and join the Spring Ice Season
Give this Spring Festival holiday something new
Forward this article to the circle of friends
Let more people know Dr. Tao Yong and the little eyeballs
Review expert: Liu Xuhui
Ph.D. in Ophthalmology, Tokyo Metropolitan Medical University School of Medicine
bibliography
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Ma Yan. On the damage and protection of ultraviolet rays to the eyes[J].Sino-foreign Medical,2011,30(2)
Ding Chen,Cai Jianming. Damage effect of ultraviolet radiation on the eye[J].Chinese Journal of Radiation Medicine and Protection,2016,36(2)
Dong Shaohua,Chen Ying,Su Wei,Hu Xiao,Hu Jingbo. Research Progress on UV-induced Eye Damage and Its Antioxidant Therapy Drugs[J].Chinese Pharmacist,2012,15(8)
Dong Shaohua,Chen Ying,Su Wei,Hu Xiao,Hu Jingbo. Research Progress on UV-induced Eye Damage and Its Antioxidant Therapy Drugs[J].Chinese Pharmacist,2012,15(8)
Liu Pei,Ma Jianqing. Treatment and care of patients with electro-optic ophthalmia during the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic[J].Contemporary Nurses (Second Half Issue), 2021,28(2)
[7] Wilson SE, Torricelli AAM, Marino GK. Corneal epithelial basement membrane: Structure, function and regeneration. Exp Eye Res. 2020 May;194
[8] Le NT, Wang JW, Wang CC, Nguyen TN. Novel Framework Based on HOSVD for Ski Goggles Defect Detection and Classification. Sensors (Basel). 2019 Dec14;19(24)
[9] McGowan CJ, Pyne DB, Thompson KG, Rattray B. Warm-Up Strategies for Sport and Exercise: Mechanisms and Applications. Sports Med. 2015 Nov
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