I remembered that the first big thing in Lichun was that the wind changed direction. The wind blows higher, more expanse, and the spring water is as clear as ever. Golden spring flowers bloom outside the earthen walls, at the side of the canals, and on the ground.
The east wind thaws, the stings begin to vibrate, and the fish are negative on the ice, which is the third season for the spring. In the first month, the sun is sunny, the air is stirring with spring, the river is thawing, the wheat seedlings are green, and the most interesting thing at this time is to go to the wheat field with two or three female companions to pick wild vegetables. Cabbage, wild artemisia, rapeseed, not very watery, but the taste is very delicious.
I haven't returned to my hometown in the spring for many years, but the spring in my hometown is still with me. We are at one latitude, with the same climate, the same grass and trees. There are also wild vegetables on the side of the road and in the park, and there are large flowers of cabbage, which are like relatives and I know each other.
Infinite spring breeze comes from the sea
/ /
"Minus Magnolia Lichun"
(Song) Su Shi
Spring cow spring staff, infinite spring wind comes to the sea.
Poop spring worker, dyed peach red like flesh red.
Spring is spring, and a spring breeze blows wine to wake up.
Not like the end of the world, rolling up the poplar flowers like snowflakes.
Whether it is the Tugui solar shadow measurement method that began to be used during the Han Wudi period, or the solar zodiacal positioning method used since the frontier of more than 300 years, the twenty-four solar terms are measured in the Yellow River Basin, and the weather and phenology described by them only correspond to the Central Plains. However, for low and high latitudes, the cycle law of the sun still applies, and the twenty-four solar terms are still valid as a guide to agricultural production and the folklore calendar it contains.
Su Shi's poem was written in Hainan. "If you think about it, it is in the great hainan", this poem in Hanle Fuzhong refers to Hainan, a direction farther than the sea, out of reach. How far away is Hainan from the Central Plains? Before there was an airplane, a person went to Hainan, which was almost equivalent to disappearing from the world.
In 1097, Su Shi received an order at the Huizhou Drop Office to instruct Qiongzhou to drive the Changhua Army to settle down, and left Huizhou on April 19 and arrived at the Danzhou Drop House in Hainan on July 2. From Guangdong to Hainan, boats and cars have been going on for nearly three months. In the spring of 1099, he wrote this poem.
What surprised me was that in Hainan, far away from the end of the world, the folk activities of Li Chun Day were so lively, and Su Shi, who was exiled to the island, could be in such a good mood. Perhaps it is true, as he understands: "Who is not on the island?" "Who's not on the island, who's not in exile?"
The first sentence of the upper and lower films begins with the Lichun folk customs. In ancient times, spring was erected, green flags were erected, and soil cattle were made to symbolize the beginning of spring ploughing, and the cultivators stood with ploughing sticks and whipped the earth cattle, that is, to beat the spring, to persuade farming. "Spring cow spring staff" refers to this custom.
"Infinite spring wind comes to the sea", Su Shi said that the spring wind, blowing on us, is the frankness of his mind. Ordinary courtiers, in the face of the barbarism of the exotic land, could not help but weep and grieve, but Su Shi was invigorated, not only did not oppose and oppose, but also opened his arms to the island and truly appreciated it. This is not a pretense of Kuangda, he also wrote about similar moods many times in the poem, such as "Mo zuo is the end of the world, the stream has its own dancing goose wind", "hanging under the clouds of the female, happy to come to the sea".
"The spring worker dyed peach red like flesh red", begging the skillful work of the spring god, dyeing the peach blossoms into flesh red. What is flesh red, pink or blood red? This metaphor is a bit strange, dongpo can't want to eat meat?
The next piece of "Spring Hata Chunsheng" is also a Lichun folk custom, the spring flag is the spring flag hung by every household at the door, there are also cut into small bunting flags on the head, chunsheng is cut into butterflies with colored silk or colored paper, hairpins on the hair or embellished on the branches.
"A spring wind blows wine awake", the poetry is inspired by the wind, especially the sea breeze on the island, which is different from other winds. The infinite spring breeze on the upper piece made him intoxicated, and the next piece became a spring wind, blowing him awake.
When he was drunk, he didn't know where he was, and when he woke up, he saw the end of the world. "Not like the end of the world, roll up the yang flowers like snowflakes", these two sentences seem to say the opposite words, not like the end of the world, is the end of the world, the yang flowers are like snowflakes, is to think of the north. Hainan floor heating, spring has seen the willow silk, the Central Plains before and after the spring equinox, at this time or there is snowfall, the Yang flower is compared to the snowflake, that is, here to see the Central Plains.
Reading this word, in the sense of hearing, we can feel the complex and jagged rhythm, due to the repeated changes in the sentence pattern, the alternation of rhyme and peace rhyme, and because the word "spring" has been stacked many times. The repeated occurrence of the word "chun" in the sentence is a common way of writing Lichun poems, such as the Liangyuan Emperor Xiao Xuan's "Spring Day", the eighteen-sentence poem uses twenty-three "spring" characters, and then the fifth generation of Ouyang Jiong's "Qingping Le", the sentence has "spring", and the eight sentences use ten spring characters. However, these poems, the overlapping words have a sense of stacking, are not as staggered as Su Shi's words.
Song Huichong's "Spring Dawn of Xishan Mountain" (partial)
Spring has returned, and the cold is still there
《Han Palace Spring・ Li Chun Ri"
(Song) Xin abandoned the disease
Spring has returned, look at the beauty on the head, and look at the spring flag.
Unprovoked wind and rain, refused to collect the remaining cold.
When the swallow was young, it was expected that tonight he would dream of going to the West Garden.
Hun has not done, yellow mandarin recommended wine, more rumors of green leek stacking plate?
But he laughed at the east wind, and since then he has been dying willows with plums, and he has no leisure.
In his spare time, he came to the mirror again and changed Zhu Yan.
Qing is constantly worried, asking who will solve the chain?
Afraid of seeing the flowers blossom and fall, the geese will return first.
Xin is often labeled as "extravagant" in textbooks, but reading his collection of words, most of the words are not very bold, and many of those words are just pretending to be extravagant. What exactly is extravagant? There is no explanation in the book, and I think that boldness should be the strength in the bones, not the bold words that shake the arm. It is also worth pondering that Li Qingzhao, who was labeled "gentle", wrote quite boldly, and the evaluation of her by the literati and celebrities at that time was "husbandly", that is, masculinity. Young An, Yi An, are all words in everyone, really can not be framed by labels.
The word "Han Palace Spring" is clearly worded, melancholy and unsettled, spring has returned, but the lyricist cannot lift the mood at all. Why? At this time, we can understand the background of the creation a little, this word was written when living in Jingkou, it may be the first word of Xin's return from the Jin-occupied area to the south.
"Spring has returned", the opening sentence flutters. The words "look at the head of the beauty, the spring flag" and "look" are very important, indicating that he is a bystander of this festival. The beauty has a spring flag on her head, and the brocade-cut flower butterflies float in the soft spring wind, which is more moving than the real flower butterflies.
"Unprovoked wind and rain, not willing to collect the rest of the cold", and when it is warm and cold at first, unprovoked wind and rain, whose will is "unwilling"? I remembered a poem by Zhu Zhu: "What kind of calendar is this--stipulating that our whole lives are always warm and cold?" ”
The swallows that came from the south last year have not yet returned to the north, "it is expected that this evening I dreamed of the West Garden", the love of the writer's body and material, with my view of things, everything is my color, in fact, it is my love, and the word "material" is passed on. The West Garden is the Shanglin Garden west of the Han Dynasty capital Chang'an, and the Qionglin Garden outside the west gate of the Northern Song Dynasty capital city of Beijing, which obviously conveys the poet's thoughts on the homeland.
"Hun has not done it, yellow mandarin recommended wine, more rumors of green leek stacking plate?" I was haunted by sorrow, and I had no intention of buying anything that should be done. Yellow mandarin wine, that is, wax wine made of yellow citrus cheese, is used to celebrate each other on the day of Spring Festival. Green leek stacking plate, refers to the spring day with five spices, namely onion, garlic, leeks, stir-up, mustard, and food, take the meaning of welcoming the new, the number of five spices plate. Green leeks and yellow oranges are all necessary festivals for the Song people on the day of Lichun, but You An should not do anything at this time.
The over-beat turned oddly. Having no intention of celebrating the festival, he turned his head and laughed at the East Wind, "but laughed at the East Wind", what is the reason? Unreasonable and funny. "Since then, the plum has been dyed with willows, and there is no leisure", and the word "kaoru dyeing" is very interesting. The busy east wind, busy sending spring everywhere, "idle time and mirror again, change the zhu yan", this turn again, and unreasonable. In the mirror, Zhu Yan is secretly changing, what does it have to do with the East Wind?
"Qing is constantly worried, ask who will solve the chain?" The sorrow is like a chain, unceasing, and the words "Ask Whom" are poignant, urgent and painful. The spring in Jiangnan is quiet and can forget his worries, but he is not willing to be as peaceful as the Southern Song Dynasty monarchs, but how can the strength of one person save the situation, and he can only watch the passage of time the hero sits down.
After the spring, the flowers blossom and fall, it is another year, the past is gradually distant like smoke, and the dream of the Northern Expedition to restore the country is only a dream. "I am afraid of seeing the flowers blossom and fall, and I will return the geese first", people look forward to spring, I am afraid of the flowers blooming, the flowers blossom and fall, the old feelings, the confusion is in vain, the sai geese return before me.
Ming Dai Jin 'Spring Mountain Jicui Map》
Spring to the earth grass and trees know
"Li Chun Even Cheng"
(Song) Zhang Yu
The law returns to the late years with less frost, and the grass and trees in the spring are known to the world.
I felt that the business in front of me was full, and the east wind was blowing green and uneven.
Rhythm turns, frost melts, spring sprouts, city dwellers do not know, these days of spring, if we go to the suburbs to walk, in nature, we can feel the meaning of life in the poem.
"Spring to the earth grass and trees to know", spring to the human world, the prophet, not human beings, but grass and trees. The winter solstice yang qi is launched, the grass and trees have long been sensed, and they begin to breed after spring.
Yesterday afternoon, walking by the river wrapped in a thick down jacket, I saw the branches of a few dead trees, and many tender yellow silks floated, and I remembered this poem. The cold is still fierce, and the grass and trees are scaled and feathered, and the joy of spring has been revealed.
The poem is like it was written for me, and many centuries later, in a distant country, at a near latitude, every word in the poem is synchronic with my experience.
The tender yellow silk hung on the branches and fluttered gently in the breeze, and although the weather was very cold, I immediately "felt that the business in front of me was full". When I took out my mobile phone to take pictures, several passers-by were also full of admiration, and the sun was brighter when it was suddenly brighter.
There is also the river, which was cold and shallow a month ago, and now it is green, and the jasper-like waves of water flow eastward. I want to use some words or a poem to say its beauty, think about it, it is better than this sentence "The east wind blows the water green and jagged".
"Li Chun Occasionally Formed", the poet Zhang Yu may also have accidentally captured this poem on the day of Li Chun, when he went out for a stroll, from different lights and air, from the language of grass and trees and rivers.
Intuitive perception of life
Also the true face of ancient poetry
Beijing News Book Review Weekly Weekend Poetry Reading Column
From the first 50 issues, 40 articles were selected and collected
"Drizzle Wet Streamer"
"Reading Poetry on the Weekend: Drizzle and Wet Streamers"
Author: Three books
Edition: Qinghai People's Publishing House, January 2022
Author | Three books
Edit | Zhang Jin
Proofreading | Guo Li