Wen Hu yue:
The eunuchs of the Han, Tang, and Ming dynasties were very powerful, and many people blamed the emperor for fainting, but Huang Renyu said: "The emperor is just a symbol." ”
Only when the power structure collapses, eunuchs have the opportunity to perform on stage.
One
In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there is a small detail that is often overlooked, about the murder of eunuchs by Yuan Shao and He Jin.
In other words, the Han Ling Emperor did not survive the May of 189 and hung up.
He was the father of Emperor Xian of Han, who had been bullied by Cao Cao all his life, and also the spirit of Zhuge Liang's mouth that "did not sigh and hate Huan Lingye"... No good reputation anyway.
After Emperor Hanling's death, he passed the throne to his eldest son Liu Jie.
Well, Comrade Han Xiandi stood on the side first, and it was not your turn to play.
He left two magic weapons for his son: the great general He Jin and the Ten Constant Attendants. He Jin, as the empress's older brother and Liu Jie's uncle, was a foreign relative, while The Ten Constant Attendants were eunuchs.
For a hundred years, the ironclad chariot composed of emperors, foreign relatives, and eunuchs ruled the empire.
Although the two wheels of the carriage are often competing for favors, they want to prove that they are the most powerful. But after the lost wheels are replaced, they are always replaced with new wheels to ensure that the carriage can be steadily forward.
Now, He Jin wanted to completely scrap the other wheel.
Yes, the two-wheeled carriage is going to be changed to a wheelbarrow, so it must not be overturned? It can be seen from here that Comrade He Jin's junior high school physics was not well studied.
The point is that Yuan Shao, the "three good students", raised his hands in approval.
As a result, He Jin did not kill the eunuch, but was tricked by the eunuch into entering the palace and beheading him.
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms says:
Yuan Shao shouted loudly: "Eunuchs murder ministers, and evil party members come to help in the battle." ”.......... Yuan Shu led troops into the court, but when he saw the eunuchs, no matter how big or small, they all killed them.
The head of the Ten Permanent Attendants, named Zhang Rang, said a sentence before his death: "The subjects are destroyed, the world is in chaos, but His Majesty loves himself." ”
Why, if you kill the eunuch, the world will be in chaos?
Don't believe it,
Their role was that of a "middleman", and once there was no middleman to cushion them, the emperor was quickly blurred by the flesh and blood torn apart by the Tiger Wolf Minister.
Two
When the Han Dynasty was founded, the intermediaries were foreign relatives and ministers.
At that time, the social structure was a clear distinction between the royal family, foreign ministers, and ordinary people. The emperor and the princes of the sub-fiefs were the chairman and major shareholder, and the voting power accounted for at least 60%.
Xiao He, Zhang Liang, and Cao Shan followed Liu Bang to fight the world and became the backbone of the empire. They were responsible to the emperor from above and to the people from below.
The Liu royal family sat on a two-wheeled carriage to enjoy peace, and drove!
But then the ministers changed their minds. Saying that they held hands until the end of love, they secretly got off the bus halfway.
As the saying goes, if there is a bargain, it is a king and a bastard.
The ministers had enormous power in their hands, and all they saw was cheapness. As a result, similar pictures can often be seen in the Han Dynasty:
This piece of land is good, sell it to me cheaper.
Oh, the lake and the mountain forest also paddled in.
Fellow villagers, I don't have to pay taxes on planting land.
As the days passed, most of the resources in the Empire were divided among the ministers, land, lakes, mountains, population... All become their private property.
They were the magnates of the Great Han Empire.
As a result, the social structure of the early Han Dynasty changed. The chancellor and the people merge into one, facing the lone emperor on the throne, and the only intermediary is the foreign relative.
At this time, Comrade Wang Mang was invited to speak:
"I am a rich man and a foreign relative, so I will become an emperor."
You see, the end of no middleman is the strangulation of the lower layer to the upper layer.
The emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty was very knowledgeable about current affairs and planned to repair the chariot again, specifically to install a new wheel.
Who is the new wheel? eunuch.
As a result, the pattern of the Eastern Han Dynasty became a royal family, a foreign eunuch, and a magnate.
The royal family is the upper class, the foreign eunuch is the middleman, and the rich family is the bottom. As for whether the people are still human, honestly eat the soil.
At this time, you will understand why Yuan Shao supported the killing of eunuchs, right?
Yuan Shao, who opened his mouth and said, "I am the house of the fourth emperor and the third duke", is a member of the giants. Only the foreign relatives and eunuchs were killed and injured, and the imperial carriage was scrapped.
When the time came, it was useless for the emperor to sit on the roof of the car and cry.
Social resources, public opinion channels, and even engine manufacturers are their own people, and even if the emperor shouts through his throat, no one will take care of it.
Zhang Rang said: "We are very important. ”
Yuan Shao said: "Without you, it is very important to me. ”
Immediately after Dong Zhuo entered the capital, the Kwantung princes formed an army, and the three kingdoms of chaos began.
When I first read the Three Kingdoms, I couldn't figure out why Yuan Shao's IQ was so low, and now it seems that people are playing a big game of chess!
I don't know what to do, I'm scared.
Three
There is a concept in mathematics: triangles are the most stable.
This is really a one-size-fits-all theory, you can put it in the middle of all kinds of things in life, basically eight or nine.
For example, some girls go on a blind date, they will take their girlfriends with them, and when they can't talk with the big pig's hooves on the other side, they can also change the topic with their girlfriends and enliven the atmosphere.
At this time, the girlfriend is the role of the middleman.
For example, some leaders talk to employees, and if the topic is more sensitive, they will call people such as office and department managers to accompany them.
The escort is the middleman and also acts as a fire support task.
For example, some couples want to divorce, and people who persuade each other next to them often say similar reasons: For the sake of children, you can make it up.
At this time, the child became the intermediary of the marriage between the husband and wife.
The role of the middleman is like a buffer belt, so that the people below are not easy to go up, and the people above do not easily slip down.
All kinds of contradictions can also reach a compromise on the buffer belt, or shake hands and make peace, or secretly compete, which can minimize the damage.
It may seem redundant, but useful.
Four
In Chinese history, the peak of the eunuch's career was the three dynasties of Han, Tang and Ming. If they take a closer look, they are simply fulfilling their responsibilities.
Eunuchs of the Han Dynasty, as mentioned earlier.
The pattern of the Tang Dynasty after the "Anshi Rebellion" was that the imperial court in Chang'an was in opposition to the envoys in the whole land, and there were only emperors and ministers in the imperial court. In any case, it is unstable.
Therefore, the emperor gave the military power of the forbidden army to the eunuchs.
Later, the eunuchs had offices in the north of the palace, known as "North Ya", and the prime minister worked in the south of the palace, known as "South Ya". ”
In this way, the emperor, ministers, and eunuchs in the imperial court formed a stable power structure, and the feudal towns, imperial court, and eunuchs in the empire were mutually restrained, and the emperor mediated in the middle.
Or how about the eunuch cattle of the Tang Dynasty?
The Ming Dynasty was similar.
After the "change of Tumu Fort", the military general Xun Gui, whom Comrade Zhu Di painstakingly cultivated, was swept away. Although the civilian officials have also sacrificed a lot, people are weeds, and they are endless.
You can't let the emperor and the civil servants sing the two people, right?
So, the eunuch took the opportunity to stand up and take the emperor's olive branch.
There was a school in the palace dedicated to training eunuchs, and from an early age, young eunuchs with high IQs and good looks were selected and taught them to read and write.
After years of training, they were enough to become qualified secretaries of the emperor, and excellent eunuchs could even polish the articles of university scholars.
They are not the brainless fools in film and television dramas.
Whenever the song was sent to the palace, the eunuchs first analyzed it, then described it to the emperor in accurate and capable language, then sent it to the cabinet for the university scholars to write down their opinions, and finally with the emperor's consent, the eunuchs wrote down with the royal pen: "Got it." ”
This is the ming dynasty's process.
The emperor, eunuchs, and ministers formed a circle that was both stable and efficient. It is hard to imagine that if there were no eunuchs as intermediaries, the chickens and dogs between the emperor and the ministers would jump.
However, the Ming Dynasty has just such an example.
The Chongzhen Emperor was only 17 years old when he ascended the throne, and as soon as he came to power, he laid down the "nine-thousand-year-old" Wei Zhongxian and then abolished the martial arts of eunuchs.
Both the government and the public rejoiced, and finally "all the people are in full bloom."
Well, the young and vigorous emperor and ministers faced each other for 17 years, and finally tossed the Ming Dynasty down.
In 1644, Li Zicheng's army came to beijing.
Some people say, "If the faithful are there, it will not end there." ”
And the Chongzhen Emperor finally understood the key to the matter and sent someone to bury Wei Zhongxian, but what was the use?
After 5 days, he walked towards the crooked neck tree of Jingshan Mountain.
Five
Writing this article is not to overturn the case for the eunuch, but just to provide an angle.
Reading history, you can't only read the superficial story, but also have to think about the logic behind the story, in order to solve the troubles around you.
This is also the meaning of reading history.