On September 1, 1939, Germany quickly invaded Poland, marking the beginning of World War II. Before World War II, Hitler had signed a non-aggression agreement with the Soviet Union, but due to various reasons, on June 22, 1941, Hitler tore up the agreement and invaded the Soviet Union. The Germans assembled 190 divisions, a total of 5.5 million men, and dispatched 4,900 aircraft, 3,700 tanks, 47,000 cannons, and 190 warships to attack the Soviet Union. At the beginning of the war, the Soviet army was defeated all the way, and in the winter, the German army began to slow down.
But the morale of the Soviet army was not high at all, but such a dilemma could not be retreated after the German army counterattacked after the summer warmed up. On July 28, 1942, Vasilevsky returned to Moscow to report to Stalin on the situation on the front. At this moment, Stalin suddenly talked about the question of the state of affairs and mentioned that the various units had forgotten Order No. 270 of August 16, 1941. At the same time, he proposed that there must be a new order, and the basic idea was that it was a crime to retreat without receiving an order. This is the source of Order No. 227, which is worth noting the aforementioned Order No. 270, which can be said to have left millions of Soviet troops unobstructed.
As far as the Soviet Union in World War II was concerned, it was the most brutal military order, similar to the Kamikaze Combat Team of the Japanese Army, except that the Kamikaze did not threaten the family as a condition. It was issued on August 16, 1941, and its full title is "On the Question of Greed for Life and Fear of Death and Treasonous Surrender and the Measures Taken to Prohibit Such Acts", which is directly referred to here as Order No. 270. As its name suggests, the content is also very long, and here is only the point of picking out. First, commanders and political workers who lose or tear off their badges in battle and flee to the rear or surrender will be considered deserters.
Note that family members of deserters will be arrested for this, which is equivalent to the ancient sitting together. Simply put, surrender and escape are not allowed, otherwise it is not only you, but also your family. What will happen to these families? The siberian labor camps are waiting for them, where the ice and snow are every year round, and the cold, hunger, and heavy labor will bring fatal injuries to these ordinary people, and if they go to Siberia, they will die nine out of ten.
The second point is that there can be no surrender, and the document indicates that if surrendered, it can be eliminated by means. It's like you're forced to do something and have to go forward because behind you're shooting at you and your family. That is to say, after this order was given, the only choice for the Soviet army was to die and win. The third one who surrenders will be regarded as a traitor, but what is the fate of the traitor? Take Major General Ponegherin, one of the three generals identified in 270, who took part in the Battle of Kiev in August 1941.
As the war progressed, Bonnejerin was surrounded at the Battle of Uman, seriously wounded and unconscious. When he woke up, he became a prisoner, but in the report, he was a traitor. In October of the same year, he was sentenced to death at a trial table in which he was not present, and his property was confiscated and his reward was deprived. In 1945, after four years of imprisonment and torture, Ponegerin returned to the Soviet Union, facing the muzzle of his own guns. He was shot for treason in 1950 and rehabilitated six years later. There are not a few people who have been wronged like Ponegelin, but the harshness of the law does not mean that it is useful, and history has given the answer.
On September 12, 1941, the Soviet army had already lost many times and was about to face a siege. At the risk of being court-martialed, Kilbonos ordered a retreat, which was revoked by the High Command. It seems that this is in line with Order 270, fighting to the death, in fact, this has achieved the largest encirclement and annihilation battle in the history of the German army. Since then, the number of Soviet troops surrendering has increased, and finally 600,000 people surrendered at the end of the Battle of Kiev, reaching millions a year later.
Not only did it not prevent the surrender, but it also caused a negative effect, and for the Soviet army, if it desperately had to face injustice, what was the difference between it and facing the invaders? The orders of 227 and 270 are basically similar, they are not allowed to retreat one step, of course, some people think that this is a symbol of Soviet resistance. It is it that promotes the bloody battle of the Soviet army to the end, and also stimulates the spirit of the Soviet army's tenacious struggle, do you think?