This battle is a classic in the history of the Long March of the Mainland, and it is also a sports battle directly included in the teaching materials of the American West Point School.
The whole process shows the superb military achievements of the great man, who can always come up with strange tricks to deal with the enemy at the most critical moments, and beat the enemy off guard.
Even Old Jiang had repeatedly praised him for using soldiers like gods
He even distributed some of the war works written by the great men to his generals and let them study more.
In this campaign, under the leadership of great men, the 30,000 troops of our army fought against the nationalist army of nearly 400,000 troops, although it seems that there is a huge disparity in strength, but the enemy is still played by our army.
The great man will attack the east and the west, and the tactics such as moving the tiger away from the mountain are fully exerted
In the end, the soldiers of our army successfully broke through the siege and won an absolute victory.
Old Chiang
Later, a foreign friend once said to the great man that the overall level of the three major battles of the Liberation War was comparable to any one in the world, but he said with a smile on his face,
Only The Four Crossings of Chishui are his most proud works
。
So what is the beginning and end of this battle, and what is special about it?
The great man cared so much about this war
What about? Next, let me lead you into that battle and understand the reasons for it. Interested friends may wish to like and pay attention to it in order to watch more wonderful content, and you can also play "Remember History" in the bullet screen to support it.
Background to the war
With the complete defeat of the Red Army's fifth anti-encirclement and suppression war, countless soldiers died on the battlefield, and the former 80,000 Red Army is now only 30,000 left.
The soldiers were physically and mentally exhausted, and there were many injuries and illnesses
This failure has caused many people within our Party to be indignant about this, and they have expressed that the reason for this serious consequence is that there is a problem in the direction of leadership within our Party.
Crossing
Our army had no choice but to start a large-scale strategic shift, when there was a German adviser in our army, who did not adjust the deployment in time in the face of 400,000 enemy encirclement and blockade.
Instead, it continued to advance towards the western Hunan region according to the previous plan.
At one time, our army was placed in the danger of total annihilation.
In this moment of life and death, the great man stood up, and he said that at this time, he should get rid of the enemy's main force as soon as possible and advance towards the weakest defensive place of the other side.
Only in this way can we win the initiative on the battlefield
。 His idea was endorsed by most of the generals of the time.
Immediately afterward, the Red Army of the Mainland successfully conquered Zunyi in January 1935, and then many senior generals within our Party gathered here.
A meeting of great historical turning points was launched.
During this period, the leadership position of the great man within our Party was formally determined, and the internal problems of our Party were completely resolved. The fact that a great man was in charge of the military command behind him opened up a new situation on the road of revolution on the mainland.
Chairman Mao
However, what should be done by the Red Army next has become an urgent question. First of all, we can choose to directly establish a base area of our own in Zunyi.
After that, the strength of the army was gradually growing,
However, this method has many shortcomings, after all, Zunyi was an important stronghold of the warlord Wang Jialie, although he had two strongholds before, Guiyang had been occupied by Xue Yue and gradually entered the hands of the nationalist army.
Therefore, after learning that our army occupied Zunyi, he was very angry and immediately gathered all his troops to prepare to retake the stronghold from our army.
Coupled with the terrain and weather in Zunyi, this area is very poor
If you want to establish a base area, the speed will be very slow, and if the battle starts, even the most basic logistical supply cannot be guaranteed.
There was also a way to find the Red Second and Sixth Fronts, but since they had already reached the Western Hunan region at that time, they would continue to march north.
So this road doesn't seem to work
。 At this time, old Chiang Kai-shek was very shocked to learn that our army had occupied Zunyi, and hurriedly dispatched all the nearly one million troops in his hands, formulated a strategy for the strategic deployment of our army, and wanted to completely put our army to death.
The process of crossing the river
After the failure of the previous four encirclements and suppressions, Old Chiang also learned his lesson, and in order to avoid his troops being divided and surrounded by our army, he also slowed down his pace.
Built a large number of fortifications and bunkers near the Central Soviet District,
At the same time, he was ready to let the Sichuan army and the Yunnan army build a defensive line on our side to the north and west, in order to successfully block our army.
The Xiang army to the east also had its own defensive bunkers, so they
It is only necessary to send a force to block the Wujiang River, and we can completely reduce the scope of our army's activities
。 Finally, the Central Army led by Xue Yue was dispatched to continue to advance toward Zunyi, the previous location of our army.
I have to say that this strategy of old Chiang Kai-shek can indeed cause no small losses to our army, at the very least
The tactics that our army was good at using before have no room for play.
In order to get rid of the dangerous situation of being surrounded by the Nationalist army, our army decided to cross the Yangtze River in the north and join the Red Fourth Front Army in the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area.
Chishui River
The specific strategy is to first let the Red Fourth Front in the northern Sichuan region go directly south, put pressure on the local Sichuan army, and induce some of the Sichuan army to attack to the north, while the Red Second and Red Sixth Fronts march west.
As a result, the Sichuan army could only allocate part of its energy to support,
In this way, the Sichuan army will face the attack of three defensive lines, at which time, there will be a crack in the encirclement circle they have previously deployed, which will create very good conditions for the breakthrough of our army.
In order to complete this strategic deployment, our army launched the Tucheng Campaign and completely opened the gate out of Sichuan in the north, and at that time it was a brigade of the Sichuan Army stationed in Tucheng.
The number of people is about six thousand,
The great man decided to send ten thousand troops first to wipe out the enemy army.
What I never expected was that the combat effectiveness of the Sichuan army was not as bad as imagined, and the most crucial thing was that the intelligence that our army had received before was also very biased.
The enemy's real strength is not only six thousand, but three brigades
In addition, there is a steady stream of reinforcements, which makes the situation of our army on the battlefield very passive.
A crossing of red water
Soon, the great men also realized this problem, and if this battle continues, I am afraid that our army will suffer greater casualties. After careful consideration, he still withdrew all the troops on the battlefield and began to cross the Chishui River.
Speaking of this, many people have questions in their hearts, why would the great man choose Chishui as a breakthrough in the war? In fact, at the beginning, he didn't have that idea, it was
I thought about smuggling past the river between Luzhou and Yibin
But in the process of their breakthrough, the local warlords learned of our army's movements into Sichuan.
In order to prevent the two armies of the Kuomintang and the Communists from engaging in Sichuan, those Sichuan troops could not hold back in an instant, and they knew very well in their hearts that Chishui was exactly where Zunyi had to pass to the Yangtze River, so
Directly here, a large number of troops were arranged, ready to give our army a head-on attack.
This also became the beginning of our army's four crossings of the Red River. Therefore, this battle was not chosen by our army on its own initiative, but a helpless move to be forced to liangshan.
Chairman Mao led the army
On January 28, when the soldiers of our army rushed to Chishui in a dusty manner, they found that the enemy had been waiting for a long time, and there was only one thought in the mind of the great man
Since you can't hide, it's better to fight a fight.
Having said that, the situation of the battle was much more difficult than imagined, and the combat effectiveness of the Sichuan army should not be underestimated, and it has always stuck to its position and vowed not to retreat, which has formed a huge obstacle to the attack of our army.
The final result was that our army did not succeed in capturing Chishui, but instead allowed the enemy to form an encirclement circle again. For a time, the situation of the battle was extremely urgent, the great man saw such a situation, instantly fell into contemplation, after contemplation, the great man said calmly,
Since it was impossible to defeat the Sichuan army, it was better to break through directly from the Top of the Chishui River
, and then returned to Zunyi again. Only then did our army formally determine the strategic deployment of the breakthrough from the Chishui River.
When it comes to crossing the Chishui River four times, many people think that the meaning of this is as simple as crossing the Chishui River four times, but in fact, in the strategic deployment formulated by our army,
The first two times are passively implemented strategies,
Moreover, they were all attacked by the enemy fiercely.
Battle of Tucheng
Especially the crossing of the Chishui River that we have just talked about, this battle can be said to be the first defeat of the great man after sitting in the leading position, so to speak
This battle should not be regarded as a proud work in his heart.
So why did he say that to the crowd? Let's wait and see.
If nothing else, what really makes the great man proud should be the fourth crossing of the Chishui River. It is precisely because of the lessons of the first three failures that a solid foundation has been laid for the final victory later.
Successfully broke through the enemy's iron barrel-like encirclement
。 The failure of crossing the Chishui River also made the great man fully realize that he despised the combat effectiveness of the Sichuan Army, and did not understand the authenticity of the information.
Therefore, after the enemy increased the blockade on both sides of the Yangtze River, he did not rush to send troops, but carefully calculated the current situation and decided to do so
All the troops were massed towards the enemy where the troops were deployed the least
At this time, the best target was Tashi, although the place was surrounded by enemies, but the psychology of Old Jiang and those warlords at that time had changed dramatically.
Long
Moreover, these local warlords are not really doing things for Lao Jiang, in the eyes of Lao Jiang, sooner or later these people will be completely conquered, so when our army enters the Great Northwest,
And his real goal changed.
Compared with the pursuit of our army, what made him more concerned was the Gui clan entering Qian.
In order to achieve his own goals, Old Jiang also asked Xue Yue to assign Wang Jialie's main force the task of pursuing our army, and when they left Guiyang,
Directly deploy heavy troops on the outskirts of Guiyang to weaken the other side's forces
。 For a time, the entire national army appeared in a state of sitting on the mountain and watching the tiger fight, and no one dared to take the initiative to attack.
It is precisely for this reason that our army took this opportunity to rest and adjust and breathe. The great man thinks that if you continue to drive forward at this time, I am afraid that there is no way to live.
The best way to do this is to march north of Guizhou
The enemy's strength in this place is weak, and there should be a slight turnaround.
Erdu Chishui
On February 15, our army issued a battle plan for the second crossing of Chishui, and then the soldiers, under the leadership of the chairman, directly returned to Guizhou.
Give the enemy a rifle,
Since the enemy's combat effectiveness and combat mood at that time were not very high, our army directly occupied Tongzi with a single blow, and the second crossing of Chishui achieved a great victory.
In the process, the fighting between the two sides is very intense, especially
Battle of Loushan Pass
In the course of the feint attack, our army was violently attacked by the enemy.
In the end, a great sacrifice was paid
。 However, in the end, the soldiers of the Red Army still relied on the unremitting faith in their hearts to successfully take Loushan Pass in February 1935.
It was at this time that we had the one we are very familiar with
"Remembrance of Qin'e Lou Shanguan"
Presumably, the great man at that time was also full of emotions. In the next two days, our army annihilated eight more regiments of the enemy army and occupied Zunyi for the second time. The battle was the first victory of the Red Army since the Long March, and the weapons and equipment were fully replenished.
The most crucial thing is that the established base areas have already taken shape. When many people think that this has been regarded as a great victory, the great man is not satisfied with this, and the enemy's constant pursuit and interception of our army.
The great man began to lay out a big game of chess in his heart.
Chiang Kai-shek commanded the operation
After the occupation of Zunyi this time, our army did not mobilize the masses as before, but quickly adjusted its state and constantly looked for combat opportunities.
The Nationalist army suffered heavy losses, and naturally did not dare to take the initiative
, can only follow behind our army, constantly pursuing. This made many generals feel very helpless, and this situation not only made it impossible to establish a base area, but also could not quickly get rid of our army.
At this time, Old Jiang was very anxious in his heart, and Loushan Pass was breached by our army, which completely woke him up, so he did
He changed his previous attitude and issued death orders to several generals of the Central Army.
We must take the initiative to attack our army. Among them, the troops led by Wu Qiwei, as the vanguard, did not take our army into account.
He believes that our army has already lost some of its strength in the Battle of Tucheng, and moreover, our army has always been in a state of marching, and it is impossible to carry those heavy weapons with us all the time
Their weapons and equipment are extremely sophisticated, and they are bound to be able to strike hard at our army
So he did not wait for the arrival of other troops, and directly launched an attack on our army, hoping to take Zunyi in one fell swoop and compete for the first merit.
ferry
As the battle continued, the nationalist army became more and more surprised, they simply could not imagine that the willpower of the soldiers of our army could be so strong, and they thought that they could defeat our army as quickly as possible
Directly turned this battle into a tug-of-war
。 At this time, the situation of our army is also very serious, and if this battle is lost, then the efforts made before will be in vain.
In this battle, there were casualties on both sides, and the process of the battle was very tragic, perhaps because the spirit of our soldiers who were not afraid of sacrifice frightened the enemy.
As a result, after our army voluntarily withdrew from the battlefield at that time, it did not even dare to pursue our army
Instead, it retreated all the way south, and was finally surrounded by our army to the Wujiang area. After the victory, our army captured a large amount of weapons and equipment of the enemy and rested in Zunyi for a period of time.
After old Chiang Kai-shek learned of this, without saying a word, he went directly to the front line of the battle and personally supervised the battle, and our army did not dare to continue to sit still, in order to find the direction of the assault as soon as possible, the great man
Again, he led a small group of fighters to launch a feint attack
However, this time, Old Jiang was well-learned, did not get fooled, and chose to continue to tighten their encirclement.
Red Army soldiers
Three crossings of chishui
For a time, many generals in the party expressed their opinions on the next layout, and most of the generals thought that they should continue to attack Wang Jialie's troops in the new field of drumming, but this suggestion was rejected by the great man, who repeatedly said,
The direction in which Wang Jialie's troops were located was indeed the weakest
But this will only make the enemy's encirclement more tight, and at that time, our army will probably fall into an even more difficult situation.
After some discussion, the crowd gradually began to agree with the idea of the great man. I have to say that the military command ability of the great man is indeed one of the best, he
As the war situation continues to change, the best coping strategy will be come up with
。 If you also think that the great man is smart, you can also type it out in the comment area to express your admiration for the great man.
In order to throw a bigger bait at the enemy, our army decided to break through from the place where their defenses were strongest, so that the other side thought that our army just wanted to go north from here. In mid-March of 1935, our army
All the troops were dispatched to attack Lubanchang, and a unit of the Central Army was also stationed here.
Their strength and weapons are the best configuration within the national army.
You can imagine how tough this battle will be. While the soldiers of our army resisted to the death, the enemy army kept hiding in the fortifications and did not come out, and the battle entered a state of anxiety, and after a day of fighting, our army
The decisive decision to withdraw temporarily would also avoid the depletion of additional troops.
Climb snow-capped mountains
In this battle, five hundred soldiers of our army died heroically, although it does not seem to have achieved a great victory, but
Behind it was only the smoke bombs released by the great man
It is estimated that the enemy did not expect that only a small part of our troops had fought with them before, and the remaining main force was now waiting for the best time to cross the Chishui River again.
After this battle, the Nationalist army did indeed deploy its own central army troops in the south and west to continue to assemble to the north, which led to this
An empty zone appeared in their encirclement.
When the enemy was advancing with all his might in the direction of our army, we had found the place to break through.
At that time, the large troops of our army did not march directly forward, but sent a regiment to the west of Gulin to start a feint attack, as the Sichuan army
When they see their troops being attacked by our army, they are bound to be very nervous
When they reported the situation, Old Jiang was also very anxious and immediately sent his own men and horses to advance in the direction of Gu Lin.
Four crossings of the Red Water
At the same time, our army once again came to Taipingdu, launched the fourth crossing of the Chishui River, and then went all the way south at the fastest speed, in order not to arouse the suspicion of old Chiang Kai-shek, our army also left a unit.
Pretend to fight the enemy to the death
。 But in fact, the large troops have long since escaped their control and are advancing in the direction of Guiyang, and they have also preached everywhere that our army will soon attack Guiyang and capture Old Chiang Alive.
Soldiers of our army
At this time, Old Chiang's heart was full of doubts, he did not know exactly which direction our army was heading, and when he heard those rumors, his heart was full of panic, but what made him feel powerless was that at this critical moment, he had no troops to adjust.
Because most of the troops had already been transferred to the Gulin area by him,
At this time, the defenders inside Guiyang were only five hundred. In desperation, they had to let the Dian army, which had previously been stationed in Yunnan and other places, lead the army to come to support, and at the same time order the defending troops to stick to the airfield and prepare to take the opportunity to escape at any time.
Old Chiang Must not have thought that this time, he was deceived again, and our army did not want to attack Guiyang at all, but directly advanced towards Kunming. When the army in Yunnan came to protect his safety, he suddenly realized,
The main force of our army has already withdrawn from Guiyang, but it is too late.
At this time, Kunming did not have any garrison troops. In this way, our army seized the opportunity to cross safely from the gap in the defensive line of the Jinsha River and reach the Western Sichuan Plain and other places. So far
Our army successfully escaped the encirclement of hundreds of thousands of troops of the nationalist army
From this battle, we can find that the war is not only a military contest between the two sides, but also the use of tactics, at the beginning of the Long March,
Our army has always been in a passive state.
But later, our Party used all kinds of tactics to confuse the enemy and completely disrupt the strategic deployment of the enemy, causing them to pounce on the air many times.
Great
precisely
This kind of amazing tactic has enabled our army to gradually occupy the initiative on the battlefield from passive.
Created one miracle after another of war. In fact, the most crucial reason why our army was able to succeed was that our side was able to constantly adjust the battle plan according to the actual situation; although the disparity in strength between the two sides was too great, in order to preserve their own military strength, the great man resolutely decided to abandon the previous plan and advance toward the weak point of the enemy, all of which was to avoid the complete annihilation of our army.
Of course, the most important point is the great man's superb command skills, and in the course of the battle, he constantly hides his strategic intentions, and
Being able to mobilize the enemy as well leads to a constant tilt of the situation on the entire battlefield towards our side
, and finally completely destroy the enemy's plan to encircle and annihilate our army.
The Long March is a unique existence in the history of continental warfare, and
Sidu Chishui is the most exciting part of it,
It is no exaggeration to say that this battle is the best example of turning passivity into initiative.
So what do you think about the several choices made by the great men in the course of battle? You may wish to leave your opinion in the comment area, today's content ends here, if you like it, don't forget to like it, we will see you in the next issue.
Video Title:
The battle of the peak of the great man, using soldiers like gods to trick old Chiang, once called it the most proud work